27
9/14/2013 1 Principles of Design Principles of Design Principles of Design Principles of Design Principles of Design Principles of Design Principles of Design Principles of Design The principles of design are the rules that govern how we use each of the elements of design in any given art work. Balance Proportion Emphasis Rhythm Harmony 1 Principles of garment design Tools Rules ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN 2 Principles of garment design

Principles of Design - Yazdtextile.yazd.ac.ir/ms.ahmadi/Downloads/Garment Design/Design3... · ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Principles of garment design 2. 9/14/2013 2

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    23

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Principles of Design - Yazdtextile.yazd.ac.ir/ms.ahmadi/Downloads/Garment Design/Design3... · ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Principles of garment design 2. 9/14/2013 2

9/14/2013

1

Principles of DesignPrinciples of DesignPrinciples of DesignPrinciples of DesignPrinciples of DesignPrinciples of DesignPrinciples of DesignPrinciples of Design

The principles of design are the rules that govern how

we use each of the elements of design in any given art

work.

• Balance

• Proportion

• Emphasis

• Rhythm

• Harmony

1Principles of garment design

Tools Rules

ELEMENTS OF

DESIGN

PRINCIPLES OF

DESIGN

2Principles of garment design

Page 2: Principles of Design - Yazdtextile.yazd.ac.ir/ms.ahmadi/Downloads/Garment Design/Design3... · ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Principles of garment design 2. 9/14/2013 2

9/14/2013

2

تعادل

The parts of a design are arranged so they achieve a feeling of

rest and equilibrium

A design has balance when the spaces on both sides of a central line,

real or imagined, appear equal.

. قرار گيري اجزاء طرح به گونه اي قرار گيرند كه احساس ثبات و توازن را القا كنند) خط تقارن (طرحي داراي تعادل است كه اجزاء تشكيل دهنده آن در دو سمت خط مركزي

به نظر برسندهم وزن

Balance

3Principles of garment design

خطوط تقارن در لباس

4Principles of garment design

Page 3: Principles of Design - Yazdtextile.yazd.ac.ir/ms.ahmadi/Downloads/Garment Design/Design3... · ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Principles of garment design 2. 9/14/2013 2

9/14/2013

3

دو اصل مهم يادآوري

عدم يكنواختييكپارچگي

5Principles of garment design

انواع تعادل

Symmetrical Balanceتعادل متقارن •

Asymmetrical Balanceتعادل غير متقارن •

Radial Balance تعادل شعاعي•

6Principles of garment design

Page 4: Principles of Design - Yazdtextile.yazd.ac.ir/ms.ahmadi/Downloads/Garment Design/Design3... · ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Principles of garment design 2. 9/14/2013 2

9/14/2013

4

Symmetrical Balance

• Both sides are EXACTLY the same, a mirror

image of each other.

• This type of balance gives a very solid and

professional look.

• Symmetrical balance is referred to as formal

balance.

7Principles of garment design

تعادل متقارن جلوه اي رسمي، آرام و موقر و ايستا به لباس مي دهد.

8Principles of garment design

Page 5: Principles of Design - Yazdtextile.yazd.ac.ir/ms.ahmadi/Downloads/Garment Design/Design3... · ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Principles of garment design 2. 9/14/2013 2

9/14/2013

5

Asymmetrical Balance

• The design is balanced, but each side is

different in some way.

• This type of balance tends to draw attention

to a particular area.

• Asymmetrical is referred to as informal

balance.

9Principles of garment design

استفاده از تعادل غيرمتقارن به طراح فرصت هاي بيشتري را به منظور نمايش دادن قدرت

.خالقيت مي دهد

تعادل غيرمتقارن حالت فعال و پرتحرك بودن را القا كننده مي كند و در مقايسه با تعادل

.متقارن مهيج تر به نظر مي رسد

10Principles of garment design

Page 6: Principles of Design - Yazdtextile.yazd.ac.ir/ms.ahmadi/Downloads/Garment Design/Design3... · ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Principles of garment design 2. 9/14/2013 2

9/14/2013

6

حتي زماني كه دو سمت لباس به لحاظ ظاهري با هم متفاوت باشند طرح مي تواند .داراي تعادل باشد

چگونه؟

.اجزاء طرح داراي وزن هاي بصري متفاوتند.با قرار دادن تركيبات مناسب در دو سمت خط تقارن مي توان به تعادل نامتقارن دست يافت

وزن بصريVisual weight

11Principles of garment design

براقو تيره، گرمرنگ هاي

وزن بصري بيشتري نسبت به

دارند ماتو روشن، سردرنگ هاي

12Principles of garment design

Page 7: Principles of Design - Yazdtextile.yazd.ac.ir/ms.ahmadi/Downloads/Garment Design/Design3... · ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Principles of garment design 2. 9/14/2013 2

9/14/2013

7

.اجسام بزرگتر داراي وزن بصري بيشتري مي باشد

13Principles of garment design

14Principles of garment design

Page 8: Principles of Design - Yazdtextile.yazd.ac.ir/ms.ahmadi/Downloads/Garment Design/Design3... · ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Principles of garment design 2. 9/14/2013 2

9/14/2013

8

اگر اوزان ديداري نامساوي باشند، براي اين كه از لحاظ بصري داراي پايداري باشد بايد

. فواصل متفاوت انتخاب شود

.فاصله بيشتر نسبت به خط تقارن باعث افزايش وزن بصري يك المان در يك طرح مي شود

15Principles of garment design

به . بهتر است در طراحي لباس كانون توجه را در باالي خط تقارن افقي قرار داد

عبارت ديگر طرحي از لحاظ بصري داراي تعادل است كه قسمت بااليي آن

.اندكي داراي وزن بيشتري باشد

16Principles of garment design

Page 9: Principles of Design - Yazdtextile.yazd.ac.ir/ms.ahmadi/Downloads/Garment Design/Design3... · ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Principles of garment design 2. 9/14/2013 2

9/14/2013

9

مي توان تعادل متقارن يك لباس را با استفاده از يكسري از متعلقات لباس و موارد تزئيني به

.صورت نامتقارن نشان داد

در صورت استفاده از اين موارد بايد توجه داشت كه متعلقات استفاده شده بايد نزديك به خط

.تقارن باشد و ابعاد آن خيلي بزرگ نباشد

17Principles of garment design

Describe what ELEMENTS

make the design a particular

type of balance

18Principles of garment design

Page 10: Principles of Design - Yazdtextile.yazd.ac.ir/ms.ahmadi/Downloads/Garment Design/Design3... · ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Principles of garment design 2. 9/14/2013 2

9/14/2013

10

Describe what ELEMENTS

make the design a particular

type of balance

19Principles of garment design

چگونه مي توان تعادل را در طرح زير برقرار نمود؟

20Principles of garment design

Page 11: Principles of Design - Yazdtextile.yazd.ac.ir/ms.ahmadi/Downloads/Garment Design/Design3... · ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Principles of garment design 2. 9/14/2013 2

9/14/2013

11

Proportion تناسب.تناسب چگونگي ارتباط بخش هاي مختلف لباس با يكديگر و با كل لباس را نشان مي دهد

.نيز مي گويند (scale)تناسب را مقياس

21Principles of garment design

هر كجا كه در لباس خط افقي باشد و يا تغيير در رنگ، بافت و يا شكل رخ دهد محل .تقسيم لباس براي اندازه گيري تناسب است

22Principles of garment design

Page 12: Principles of Design - Yazdtextile.yazd.ac.ir/ms.ahmadi/Downloads/Garment Design/Design3... · ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Principles of garment design 2. 9/14/2013 2

9/14/2013

12

به طور كلي اگر لباس به نسبتهاي غير مساوي تقسيم

به ويژه اگر متناسب با . شود جذاب تر خواهد بود

.مقياس بخش هاي بدن انسان باشد

5به 3و 3به 2، 3به 1به طور مثال نسبتهاي

.است 2به 1و يا 1به 1جذاب تر از نسبتهاي

با در نظر گرفتن كمر به عنوان خط تقسيم، بدن داراي

.مي باشد 5به 3تناسب تقريبي

23Principles of garment design

تناسب البسه را مي توان با استفاده از اجزاء طراحي تغيير داد تا نوعي خطاي بصري .ايجاد نمود و تناسب بخش هاي بدن را به گونه اي ديگر جلوه داد

1

1

1

5

24Principles of garment design

Page 13: Principles of Design - Yazdtextile.yazd.ac.ir/ms.ahmadi/Downloads/Garment Design/Design3... · ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Principles of garment design 2. 9/14/2013 2

9/14/2013

13

Which of these outfits

might be best for a tall

person? What about

someone who is short?

Why?

25Principles of garment design

Proportion assignment

• Choose two pictures of full length designs.

• Cut them out nicely and paste them to a white piece of paper

• Using a ruler decide what the proportion of the outfit is.

• Draw your box and lines on top of the design, using a pen that can be seen. Label with numbers the divisions

• Write on the back of the white sheet:

– What is the ratio?

– How does the proportion add interest, help the figure or detract from the figure?

• EXTRA CREDIT: turn in to two portfolio pages

26Principles of garment design

Page 14: Principles of Design - Yazdtextile.yazd.ac.ir/ms.ahmadi/Downloads/Garment Design/Design3... · ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Principles of garment design 2. 9/14/2013 2

9/14/2013

14

Emphasis

تأكيد

27Principles of garment design

نقطه تمركز يا مركز توجه در طرح كه به وسيله خطوط، اشكال، رنگ، بافت، جزئيات طرح، •

.تزئينات و ملزومات ايجاد مي شود

.نقطه اي كه نگاه بيننده براي مدتي به خود جذب مي كند•

.يك طرح بدون نقطه تمركز اصلي غير جذاب، خسته كننده و ناقص به نظر مي رسد•

همچنين تأكيد را مي توان به منظور بزرگ جلوه دادن ويژگيهاي مطلوب طرح و عدم توجه به •

.عيوب موجود به كار برد

28Principles of garment design

Page 15: Principles of Design - Yazdtextile.yazd.ac.ir/ms.ahmadi/Downloads/Garment Design/Design3... · ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Principles of garment design 2. 9/14/2013 2

9/14/2013

15

.به عنوان مثال يك كمربند رنگي بر روي كمر تأكيد مي كند•

.يقه با رنگ متضاد توجه را به سمت صورت جلب مي كند•

.يك كراوات روشن يا دكمه هاي براق طرح را جذاب تر جلوه مي دهد•

.محل تقاطع خطوط نقطه تمركز طرح است•

29Principles of garment design

30Principles of garment design

Page 16: Principles of Design - Yazdtextile.yazd.ac.ir/ms.ahmadi/Downloads/Garment Design/Design3... · ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Principles of garment design 2. 9/14/2013 2

9/14/2013

16

نقاط جالب توجه ديگري نيز مي تواند در لباس وجود داشته باشد اما بايد به چشم متوجه آنها مي شود اما توقف نمي كند و به نقطه . وضوح نقطه اصلي باشند

.اصلي بر مي گردد

31Principles of garment design

Confusing designs!

32Principles of garment design

Page 17: Principles of Design - Yazdtextile.yazd.ac.ir/ms.ahmadi/Downloads/Garment Design/Design3... · ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Principles of garment design 2. 9/14/2013 2

9/14/2013

17

Where are the focal points?

33Principles of garment design

Rhythm

)آهنگ(ريتم

34Principles of garment design

Page 18: Principles of Design - Yazdtextile.yazd.ac.ir/ms.ahmadi/Downloads/Garment Design/Design3... · ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Principles of garment design 2. 9/14/2013 2

9/14/2013

18

براي درك مفهوم ريتم مي توان صداي منظم نواختن طبل در موسيقي را به خاطر آوردريتم باعث مي شود چشم بيننده در طرح ايجاد شده به صورت . در طراحي ريتم ديداري است

.منظم به حركت درآيد.ريتم در لباس، چشم را به آرامي از يك ناحيه لباس به سوي ناحيه ديگر حركت مي دهد

Rhythm is achieved when the lines, shapes, colors, textures, or patterns in clothing and accessories are arranged to lead the viewer’s eye easily from one part of the garment to another.

35Principles of garment design

:ريتم با روش هاي مختلفي حاصل مي آيد

ريتم تكراري -الف

• Repetition of line, shape, color, texture, or pattern within the

design

• Examples: row of buttons, trim on collar and cuffs, the same

color used several times.

36Principles of garment design

Page 19: Principles of Design - Yazdtextile.yazd.ac.ir/ms.ahmadi/Downloads/Garment Design/Design3... · ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Principles of garment design 2. 9/14/2013 2

9/14/2013

19

Examples of rhythm by

repetition

37Principles of garment design

• Gradual change in lines, shapes, color values or textures

within the design

• The degree of change must be SMALL or a jumpy, choppy

effect will result.

ريتم تدريجي -ب

38Principles of garment design

Page 20: Principles of Design - Yazdtextile.yazd.ac.ir/ms.ahmadi/Downloads/Garment Design/Design3... · ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Principles of garment design 2. 9/14/2013 2

9/14/2013

20

Example of rhythm

by gradation

39Principles of garment design

ريتم شعاعي-ج

• Of lines, shapes, colors, or textural folds inward or outward

from a central point or area.

40Principles of garment design

Page 21: Principles of Design - Yazdtextile.yazd.ac.ir/ms.ahmadi/Downloads/Garment Design/Design3... · ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Principles of garment design 2. 9/14/2013 2

9/14/2013

21

Examples of

rhythm by

radiation

41Principles of garment design

transition

• Continuous line movement created by a line of shapes, colors,

or textural trims.

• Examples: princess seamlines, contrasting piping around the

collar and down the center front to the hemline

انتقالي -د

42Principles of garment design

Page 22: Principles of Design - Yazdtextile.yazd.ac.ir/ms.ahmadi/Downloads/Garment Design/Design3... · ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Principles of garment design 2. 9/14/2013 2

9/14/2013

22

Examples of rhythm

by transition

43Principles of garment design

opposition/alternation

• Alternation of two or more lines, shapes, colors, textures, or

patterns. Causes contrast or opposing details in a design.

• Examples: yellow then blue stripes in a shirt, beads used

against feathers, sheer then opaque fabric used.

ريتم تناوبي-ه

44Principles of garment design

Page 23: Principles of Design - Yazdtextile.yazd.ac.ir/ms.ahmadi/Downloads/Garment Design/Design3... · ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Principles of garment design 2. 9/14/2013 2

9/14/2013

23

Examples of rhythm by

Opposition

45Principles of garment design

Good rhythm is apparent when the lines of an

outfit work well together. For example, a curved

pocket complements the curve of a jacket hem.

Poor rhythm upsets the look of a garment.

Stripes and plaids that don’t match at seam lines,

for example, break rhythm. Conflicting lines,

such as curved seams and striped fabric, also

break the rhythm of an outfit.

46Principles of garment design

Page 24: Principles of Design - Yazdtextile.yazd.ac.ir/ms.ahmadi/Downloads/Garment Design/Design3... · ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Principles of garment design 2. 9/14/2013 2

9/14/2013

24

:ريتم در لباس براي بيان نمودن حالت استفاده مي شوند•

.ريتم تكراري عموما حالت سكون و آرام را نشان مي دهد–

جابجايي خطي پيوسته شامل خطوط منحني حالت زنانه بودن –

.لباس را عموما نشان مي دهد

ريتم هاي تدريجي و تابشي حالت فعال و ديناميك بودن را –

.القا مي كنند

47Principles of garment design

Harmony

• Refers to the use of lines, shapes, colors, textures and patterns with enough variety to avoid boredom, but not so much variety as to create conflict.

• VARIETY (Things that are different) – when the design has differences to create interest

• UNITY (Things that are alike)– a sense of completeness, when nothing is missing, left out or undone

• Both can be overdone, the key is to balance both to achieve harmony

48Principles of garment design

Page 25: Principles of Design - Yazdtextile.yazd.ac.ir/ms.ahmadi/Downloads/Garment Design/Design3... · ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Principles of garment design 2. 9/14/2013 2

9/14/2013

25

Harmonious music pleases the ear because all

parts blend well together. Similarly, a design has

visual harmony when design elements complement

each other. The elements relate in a unified

way to convey a single theme. You can see harmony

in the outfit in Fig. 10-23.

Fashion shows harmony in garment design as

well as in entire outfits. The bride who carefully

puts together a harmonious look for her wedding

day considers everything from dress, to hair, to

jewelry, to shoes. Besides matching her outfit to

the style of wedding she plans, her choices also

suit her personality and physical stature.

When harmony exists, each part looks like it

belongs. The parts can be varied to prevent a boring

look, but they aren’t just thrown together.

Harmonious looks are usually planned, and the

results are often eye-catching.

49Principles of garment design

When all the principles of design

come ogether appropriately in a

garment, the result is harmonious.

50Principles of garment design

Page 26: Principles of Design - Yazdtextile.yazd.ac.ir/ms.ahmadi/Downloads/Garment Design/Design3... · ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Principles of garment design 2. 9/14/2013 2

9/14/2013

26

How is harmony achieved?

• Unity: repetition of red and

black

• Variety: texture below the

skirt, flower above

51Principles of garment design

How is harmony achieved?

• Unity – gray throughout,

fitted, repeating lines

• Variety – bows add

interest, slit in front

52Principles of garment design

Page 27: Principles of Design - Yazdtextile.yazd.ac.ir/ms.ahmadi/Downloads/Garment Design/Design3... · ELEMENTS OF DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Principles of garment design 2. 9/14/2013 2

9/14/2013

27

How is harmony

achieved

• Unity: neutral colors, vertical

lines, brown repeated in

shoes

• Variety: belt-horizontal line

53Principles of garment design

Harmony assignment

• Choose one picture of a GOOD design.

• Cut out nicely, glue to a white piece of paper.

• On the back of the paper write the following:

– The elements of design that create variety

– The elements of design that create unity

– Write how they work together to create a good design.

• EXTRA CREDIT: turn into a portfolio page

54Principles of garment design