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Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!

Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

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Page 1: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!

Page 2: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

Definition of Proofreading

• Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially surface errors such as spelling, punctuation, grammar, formatting, and typing errors.

Page 3: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

Proofreading vs. Editing

• While the terms proofreading and editing are often used interchangeably, they do differ slightly.

• Editing is typically completed throughout the writing process—especially between drafts—and often suggests contextual changes that affect the overall meaning and presentation. The focus is on changes that affect style, point-of-view, organization of content, audience, etc.

• Proofreading occurs later in the writing process, usually just after the final editing and before the final draft that will be presented for publication (or turned in to a professor). The focus is on correcting errors in spelling, syntax, grammar, punctuation, and formatting.

Page 4: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

Check for Obvious Errors

• Is there proper lettering and word spacing?– Is the spacing between letters, words, and sentences

correct?– Is appropriate spacing used after punctuation marks?

• Is abbreviation and number style correct?– Are abbreviations punctuated and capitalized properly?– Are numbers spelled out as words are written as figures as

appropriate?• Is capitalization correct?

– Is the first word of each sentence capitalized?– Are all proper names capitalized?– Are all personal and professional titles capitalized

correctly?– Are capital letters used correctly in special situations?

Page 5: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

Proofreading for Errors in Format

• Is the document style correct?– Is the appropriate letter style used?– Are letter parts arranged correctly?– Is the memorandum form correct?– Is the report form appropriate for the nature and length of the

information presented?– Is the statistical information displayed correctly?

• Is the paragraph consistent throughout?– If paragraphs are indented, is this done consistently?– If paragraphs are not indented, does each paragraph begin at the left

margin?• Is the information displayed attractively?

– Is copy aligned properly?– Are side margins fairly even?– Are top and bottom margins appropriate for the type of document?

• Is line spacing correct?– Is the amount of space between parts of the document correct?

Page 6: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

Proofreading for Content Errors

• Are punctuation marks used properly?– Do punctuation marks help clarify sentence meanings?

• Is proper sentence structure used?– Are sentences constructed properly?– Do sentences express complete ideas or just fragment ideas?– Has parallel construction been maintained with a series of

words, phrases, or clauses?• Are grammar and usage correct?

– Do subjects and predicates agree?– Do pronouns agree with the words to which they refer?– Have correct word choices been made?

• Are words spelled correctly?– Is each word that has been keyboarded listed in the

dictionary?– Does the meaning of each word fit the intended message?

Page 7: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

Read for Content Errors

• Are punctuation marks used properly?– Do punctuation marks help clarify sentence meanings?

• Is proper sentence structure used?– Are sentences constructed properly?– Do sentences express complete ideas or just fragment ideas?– Has parallel construction been maintained with a series of

words, phrases, or clauses?• Are grammar and usage correct?

– Do subjects and predicates agree?– Do pronouns agree with the words to which they refer?– Have correct word choices been made?

• Are words spelled correctly?– Is each word that has been keyboarded listed in the

dictionary?– Does the meaning of each word fit the intended message?

Page 8: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

Proofreading for Obvious Errors

• Is the word division correct?– Are words divided only when necessary?– Have the established word division rules been followed?

• Is there proper lettering and word spacing?– Is the spacing between letters, words, and sentences

correct?– Is appropriate spacing used after punctuation marks?

• Is abbreviation and number style correct?– Are abbreviations punctuated and capitalized properly?– Are numbers spelled out as words are written as figures as

appropriate?• Is capitalization correct?

– Is the first word of each sentence capitalized?– Are all proper names capitalized?– Are all personal and professional titles capitalized correctly?– Are capital letters used correctly in special situations?

Page 9: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

Format Errors• Look for Errors in Format• Is the document style correct?

– Is the appropriate letter style used?– Are letter parts arranged correctly?– Is the memorandum form correct?– Is the report form appropriate for the nature and length of the

information presented?– Is the statistical information displayed correctly?

• Is the paragraph consistent throughout?– If paragraphs are indented, is this done consistently?– If paragraphs are not indented, does each paragraph begin at the left

margin?• Is the information displayed attractively?

– Is copy aligned properly?– Are side margins fairly even?– Are top and bottom margins appropriate for the type of document?

• Is line spacing correct?– Is the amount of space between parts of the document correct?

Page 10: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

Strategies for Proofreading #1

• The first thing to do is to allow some time between writing and proofreading. Some people recommend letting a text set as long a day before looking over it for mistakes, between finishing your draft and proofreading.

• In other words, sleep on it. If the deadline is quickly approaching or it is due the next morning, take as much time as you can--an hour or two will do wonders.

Page 11: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

Strategies for Proofreading #2

• Second, the paper should be read aloud. Can you make it through without stumbling over anything?

Page 12: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

Strategies for Proofreading #3

• You can also read the work backwards, one sentence at a time. This helps determine if each sentence, independent of anything else, makes sense.

• Ask yourself these questions: Are the sentences complete? Does each sentence have a subject (who or what the sentence is about) and a predicate (what's happening in the sentence)? Note which ones need to be changed and why.

Page 13: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

BASIC PROOFREADING MARKS

Page 14: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

MORE PROOFREADING MARKS

Page 15: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

PEER EDITING

Page 16: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

Peer Editing is Fun!

Working with your classmates to help improve their writing can be lots of fun. But first, you have to learn what it means to “peer edit” and how to do it!

Page 17: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

What is Peer Editing?

• A peer is someone your own age.• Editing means making suggestions,

comments, compliments, and changes to writing.

Peer editing means working with someone your own age – usually someone in your class – to help improve, revise, and edit his or her writing.

Page 18: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

3 Steps to Peer Editing

There are three important steps to remember when you are peer editing another student’s

writing.

• Step 1 – Compliments

• Step 2 – Suggestions

• Step 3 - Corrections

Page 19: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

STEP 1

Compliments

• The first rule of peer editing is to STAY POSITIVE!– Remember, you’re helping to change

someone else’s work. Think about how you would feel if someone were telling you what needed to be improved in your own writing…

Page 20: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

STEP 1

Compliments

• Always start your peer editing with compliments!– Tell the writer what you think he or

she did well:• I really loved your topic• I think you used a lot of good details• I liked when you used the word ______• My favorite part was ________ because…• This was really fun to read because…• I liked the way you_________…

Page 21: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

STEP 1

Compliments

• Read the paragraph on the next slide. Record three compliments about the paragraph that you would tell the author if you were peer editing this paper.

Page 22: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

STEP 1

Compliments

We where all over my aunts house when my dog Riley was running around like crazy. He was chasing me around in circles. all of a suden I look and riley he was in the pool! swimming in my aunts pool. I couldn’t believe my eyes that the dog was in the pool. I dashed to the pool and jumpd in and swan over to Riley and pulled him to the steps. He got out and shook all over us like a sprinkler on a hot day. I was glad riley was o.k. and that I saved him.

Page 23: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

STEP 2

Suggestions

• Making suggestions means giving the author some specific ideas about how to make his or her writing better.

• Remember – stay positive and be specific!– Instead of, “It didn’t make sense,” say, “If you

add more details after this sentence, it would be more clear.”

– Instead of, “Your word choice was boring,” say, “Instead of using the word good, maybe you can use the word exceptional.”

Page 24: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

STEP 2

Suggestions• Here are some areas that you

may want to make suggestions about:– Word choice – Did the author choose interesting

words?– Using details (for example, seeing, hearing,

touching, tasting, and smelling)– Organization – Can you understand what the

author is trying to say? Is it in the correct sequence?

– Sentences – Are the sentences too long or too short?

– Topic – Does the author stick to the topic or talk about other things that don’t really fit?

Page 25: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

STEP 2

Suggestions

• Read the paragraph on the next slide again. Record three suggestions about the paragraph that you would tell the author if you were peer editing this paper.

Page 26: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

STEP 2

Suggestions

We where all over my aunts house when my dog Riley was running around like crazy. He was chasing me around in circles. all of a suden I look and riley he was in the pool! swimming in my aunts pool. I couldn’t believe my eyes that the dog was in the pool. I dashed to the pool and jumpd in and swan over to Riley and pulled him to the steps. He got out and shook all over us like a sprinkler on a hot day. I was glad riley was o.k. and that I saved him.

Page 27: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

STEP 3

Corrections

• The third step in the peer editing process is making corrections.

• Corrections means checking your peer’s paper for:– Spelling mistakes– Grammar mistakes– Missing punctuation– Incomplete or run-on sentences

Page 28: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

STEP 3

Corrections

Read through the paragraph again on your worksheet. Circle, underline, or use editing marks to correct errors in spelling, punctuation, or grammar.

Page 29: Proofreading, Peer Edit with Perfection!. Definition of Proofreading Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially

Things to Remember…

• Stay positive – Try to make suggestions and corrections in a positive way.

• Be specific – Give the author specific ideas on how to improve his or her writing.

• Complete all 3 steps – compliments, suggestions, and corrections.

Copyright 2004 IRA/NCTE. All rights reserved.ReadWriteThink materials may be reproduced for educational purposes.Images copyright Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.