IOBC OILB

Organisation Internationale de Lutte Biologique et Intégrée contre les Animaux et les Plantes NuisiblesSection Régionale Ouest Paléarctique http://www.iobc-wprs.org/

Activity report2001-2005

Protection Intégrée des Forêts de Chênes

Integrated Protection in Oak Forests……..

Claire VILLEMANTMuséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris

UMR 5202 CNRS-MNHN

Working group“Integrated Protection in Oak Forests”

Fundator: Pietro LUCIANO (Sassary University, Sardinia)

Convenor (1997-2005): Claire VILLEMANT (MNHN, Paris)

New convenor elected in 2004: Edmundo SOUSA (Natl. Forestry Station, Oeiras, Portugal)

Deputy convenors elected in 2004 : Antonio FRANCESCHINI (Sassary University, Sardinia)Mohammed BEN JAMAA (INRGREF, Tunisia)

Liaison officer: Maria Margarida VIEIRA (Natl. Agronomy Station, Oeiras, Portugal)

• 1st meeting : September 1994, Tempio Pausania, Sardinia (22 participants, 6 countries)

• 2nd meeting : October 1998, Salé, Morocco (60 participants, 9 countries)

• 3rd meeting : October 2001, Oeiras, Portugal (70 participants, 7 countries)

• 4th meeting : October 2004, Hammamet, Tunisia (120 participants, 9 countries)

• Next meeting : 2007, Tlemcen, Algeria

Algeria, Austria, France, Iran, Italy, Morocco, Portugal, Spain, Tunisia

Hammamet, October 2004

Luciano P. ed., 1995. Integrated protection in cork-oak forests. Proceedings of the IOBC study group meeting. Tempio-Pausania, Sardinia. IOBC wprs Bulletin, 18 (6), 114 p.

Villemant C. ed., 1999. Integrated protection in oak forests. Proceedings of the IOBC study group meeting. Rabat-Salé (Maroc), 26-29 octobre 1998. IOBC wprs Bulletin, 22 (3), 198 p.

C. Villemant & E. Sousa. Integrated Protection in Oak Forests. Proceedings of the working group meeting at Oeiras - Lisbonne (Portugal), 1-4 octobre 2001. IOBC Wprsbull 25 (5) : 177 p.

Villemant C. & Ben Jamaa M.L. (eds.) 2005. Integrated protection in oak forests. Proceedings of the IOBC working group meeting. Hammamet, Tunisia, 4-8 October 2004. IOBC/WPRS Bulletin, 28 (sous presse), 288 p.

Publications

Our working group aims at :

promoting multidisciplinary research and collective strategiesbetween European and North African scientists

in order to improve

oak forest conservation and integrated protection

Research activities attempted to:

• evaluate the current oak decline situation

• characterize the inducing factors and

their complex interactions.

European and NorthAfrican oak stands

endure several identical pests and

decay factors

While cork-oak forests are one of the most fragile Mediterranean ecosystems

The group plays an important role in making both the authorities and the public aware about the serious and widespread decline of cork-oak forests,

It is necessary to ensure an effective and efficient integratedprotection of this precious natural resource

• phytosanitary status of the oak forests

• biology and impact of pathogenous fungi

• biology and impact of phyllophagous andxylophagous insect pests

• integrated control of insect pests

• forest degradation due to human impact

• cork production

• acorn conservation

• forest management

The group studies are mainly focused on:

Since the 3rd meeting in 2001, group members of severalMediterranean countries involved in common research projects

1 - Preservation and recovery of cork-growingareas (Sardinia-Tunisia)

2 - Bioecology of the xylophagous pest Platypuscylindrus (Morocco-Portugal)

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3 - Declining factors evaluation in cork oak stands(Morocco-Portugal, Algeria-France)

4 - Bioecology and control of Lymantria dispar(Morocco, Portugal, France)

Corsica, 2002

5 - Cork oak seedling production at out-soil culture(Tunisia-Algeria)

Multidisciplinary studies are necessary to better understand the oak decline phenomena

Main interrelations :

• Pathogenous fungi / xylophagous insects

• Pest infestations / human pressure

• Health status decline / climatic and soil factors

Predisposing factors• Forest overexploitation

• Overgrazing

• Bad management

• Defoliators

Inducing factors• Drought

• Excessive cork stripping

Accelerating factors• Xylophagous insects

• Pathogenous fungi

• Erosion

• Soil perturbation

Pathogenous fungi

Further collaborative programs :

Platypus cylindrusinfestation

xylophagous insects as fungus vectors

Tunisia, Sardinia, Portugal, Algeria

Biscogniauxiamediterranea

Diplodia mutila

Tunisia, Sardinia, Morocco, Portugal, France

Gypsy moth

• bioecology in latency phase,• faster sampling methods,• biocontrol (pheromon traps, Btk)

Sardinia, Tunisia, Portugal, Algeria

Impact evaluation of forest decline factors

A database compiling knowledge on oak forestsand their decay factors in Europe and NorthAfrica

in progress:

• More reliable collaborations must be find to assess the economical impact of oak forest decline

• Forest research must be better supported

• Forest stands could be improved by ecoturismand micro enterprise projects

FutureObjectives

• to better coordinate the research programs • to homogenize the evaluation methods of oak phytosanitary status and pest damages• to prepare guidelines

Creation of threesubgroups:

• oak insect pests• oak pathogenous fungi• forest management

E. Sousathe new

convenor

P. LucianoThe fundator

A. Franceschinideputy convenor

M. Ben Jamaadeputy convenor

Oeiras, Portugal, October 2001

Thank you