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Protozoan Parasites of Veterinary importance 2011 2011 VPM122 Laboratory 4 Spencer J. Greenwood PhD, DVM Dept. of Biomedical Sciences Room 3313N AVC North Annex [email protected] [email protected] Office phone # 5666002 To see the images on the web, go to: http://people.upei.ca/sgreenwood/html/protozoa.html http://people.upei.ca/sgreenwood/html/protozoa.html

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Page 1: Protozoan Parasites of Veterinary importance-image handout ...people.upei.ca/sgreenwood/Lab-4-Protozoan_Parasites_of...handout-… · 3) Toxoplasma & Neospora Toxoplasma gondii oocysts

Protozoan Parasites ofVeterinary importance

20112011VPM‐122 Laboratory 4 

Spencer J. Greenwood PhD, DVMDept. of Biomedical SciencesRoom 3313N AVC North Annex

[email protected]@upei.caOffice phone # 566‐6002

To see the images on the web, go to: http://people.upei.ca/sgreenwood/html/protozoa.htmlhttp://people.upei.ca/sgreenwood/html/protozoa.html

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VPM‐122 Laboratory 4 ImagesVPM 122 Laboratory 4 Images

• The following images of been generated for your g g g yreviewing and studying pleasure…honest!

• I have typically provided two views of the same imageimage– 1) so you can see diagnostic details– 2) a “boxed” image so you can see the relative size the ) a bo ed age so you ca see e e a e s e eparasite looks on the specified microscope objective (e.g 10X).

– Comments for improving this handout are welcomeComments for improving this handout are welcome and encouraged!

– Thanks, Spencer

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1) Giardia

Giardia cysts ‐ 10X objective, Zinc sulphate flotation from a dog.

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Giardia cysts ‐ 10X objective, Zinc sulphate flotation from a dog Lugol’s iodine stain

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A

Giardia cysts ‐ 40X objective, zinc sulphate flotationNote: the distinct osmotic artifact (A) as the cytoplasm is compressed against the cyst wall (B).

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Giardia trophozoite ‐ 100X objective, direct i h i h fl ll &

Giardia trophozoite ‐ direct smear. A & B 100X bj i i k diff f lsmear. Light microscopy, Note: the flagella & 

two prominent nuclei (arrows).objective, images taken at two different focal planes of the same trophozoite surrounded by bacteria and debris. Note: the flagella & two nuclei (‘eyes’ of the g ( y‘monkey face’).

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2) Coccidia ‐ Isospora & Eimeria

Isospora sp. oocysts ‐ 20X objective, p p y j ,sucrose flotation from a cat. A, unsporulated oocyst, contating a single sporont or sporoblast. B, two‐cell stage Both these oocysts arestage. Both these oocysts are unsporulated and would not be infective to the definitive host

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Isospora oocysts and Giardia cysts ‐ 20X objective, sucrose flotation from a cat.A, Isospora oocyst two‐cell stage. B, Giardia cysts, Note: osmotic artifact also occurs in sucrose flotation.

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Eimeria sp. ‐ fecal flotation from a sheep. Features to note are the size (~20 x 20 um),Eimeria sp.  fecal flotation from a sheep. Features to note are the size ( 20 x 20 um), clear oocyst with a single large sporont. 40X objective. Note: the micropyle on the ‘pointed’ end through which the sporozoites ‘escape’ to infect the host.

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Eimeria sp. ‐ fecal flotation from a sheep. Features to note are the size (~20 x 20 um) in relation to the huge Nematodirus sp. egg, 10X objective.

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Eimeria sp. ‐ fecal flotation from a rabbit. Features to note are the size (~40 x 15 um) i l i lid bj iin relation to a strongylid‐type egg, 10X objective. 

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Eimeria leuckarti ‐ fecal flotation from a horse. Features to note are the large size (~85 x 55Eimeria leuckarti fecal flotation from a horse. Features to note are the large size ( 85 x 55 um), distinct brown colour, & the single large sporont. A, 20X objective B, 100X objective. Note: the prominent micropyle (arrow) from which the sporozoites ‘escape’.

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3) Toxoplasma & Neospora

Toxoplasma gondii oocysts ‐ 20X objective fecal flotation from a cat Multiple oocysts and a single Isospora oocyst (arrow). Compare the relative size of Isospora felis to the T lToxoplasma oocysts.NOTE: (1) If this fecal was from a dog, the small oocysts would be Neospora caninumoocysts and the large oocysts would be Isopora canis. Assuming the dog did not eat cat feces!(2) The non‐pathogenic coccidia, Hammondia sp. have oocysts that are identical in size to both Toxoplasma & Neospora oocysts and may be present in both dogs & cats (confounding organism).

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Toxoplasma gondii oocysts ‐ fecal flotation from a cat. 100X objective, Compare theToxoplasma gondii oocysts  fecal flotation from a cat. 100X objective, Compare the relative size of Isospora felis to the Toxoplasma oocysts.

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4) Sarcocystis

Sarcocystis sp. sporocyst ‐ fecal flotation from a dog. Sporocysts are small (~ 10um)

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Sarcocystis sp. sporocyst‐ 100X objective. A, thin cyst wall. B, sporozoite (each sporocyst will contain 4 sporozoites). C, residual body. Note: cyst wall and residual body often refractile.

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5) Cryptosporidium

Cryptosporidium oocysts from a calf ‐ 40X objective, sucrose flotation. Note the slight ‘pinkish’ tinge to the oocysts

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Cryptosporidium oocysts from a calf ‐ 100X objective, sucrose flotation. 

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Cryptosporidium oocysts acid‐fast stain‐ 40X objective. 

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6) Balantidium sp.

Balantidium sp. from the GI tract of a pig. H & E stained section of pig lumen. Trophozoites are large ~120 um and found within the lumen and more rarely embedded into the mucosal wall. Note the large kidney bean shaped macronucleus. The tissue is sectioned to produce the slides which reveals the ciliates cut insectioned to produce the slides which reveals the ciliates cut in varying planes of section. Therefore, some cells and nuclei appear differently

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Balantidium sp. from the feces of a pig. Trophozoite are large cells (~120 um). Note: the kidney bean shaped nucleus (bl ) Y l th f l

Balantidium sp. from the feces of a pig. Cyst (~120 um). Note: it is hard to make out any internal structures in this cyst but 

ti th kid b(blue arrow). You can also see the funnel shaped cytostome or gullet(red arrow) and a large posterior vacuole (black arrow). You can almost make out the cilia 

sometimes you can see the kidney bean shaped nucleus.

)surrounding the cell.

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7) Leukocytozoon sp.

Leukocytozoon spp. from the blood of a duck. Elongate gametocyte within a leukocyte surrounded by many nucleated erythrocytes.surrounded by many nucleated erythrocytes. Note: the ‘horns’ of faint blue cytoplasm extending beyond the cell nucleus.

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8) Babesia sp.

Babesia sp from the blood of a cow 100X objective (oil immersion)Babesia sp. from the blood of a cow. 100X objective (oil immersion), Note the mostly piriform (tear or pear) shaped merozoite/trophozoites within the erythrocytes. Wright‐Giemsa stain.