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PSYCHOLOGYPSYCHOLOGYJEOPARDYJEOPARDY
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Classical Conditioning For example Emotions TermsOperant
Conditioning
Go to Final JeopardyGo to Double Jeopardy Replay End Round
Main difference between classical and operant
conditioning.
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What is classical conditioning is learning by association and
operant is learning by reinforcement?
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Fred has a fluffy down pillow with some of the down sticking out of the fabric. When
he first tries out the pillow, a piece of down tickles his nose and he sneezes.
This happens every time he goes to bed. Soon he sneezes every time he lays down
on any kind of pillow.
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What is generalization?
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It is springtime and the pollen from the flowers causes you to
sneeze. Soon you are sneezing every time you see a flower. Identify the UCS and
the CS.next
What is the UCS – pollen & the CS - flowers?
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There were many lilies at her father’s funeral. Now Cheryl can not stand the smell of lilies. Identify the components of the classical conditioning that took
place.
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What is
UCS – father funeral
UCR – sad
CS – lilies
CR – sad ?$400
His research with dogs and salivation led to the discovery of classical conditioning as a
principle of learning.
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Who is Ivan Pavlov?
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A learned reinforcer…money, attention, social approval are these
type of reinforcers.
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What is a secondary reinforcer?
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An application of operant conditioning...it is a way to
teaching a complex behavior in which you reinforce each small
step toward completion.
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What is shaping?
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Which partial reinforcement schedule is this?
The number of shots on a soccer goal before scoring
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What is variable ratio schedule?
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The difference between negative reinforcement and
punishment.
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What is punishment decreases the likelihood of a behavior being
repeated…negative reinforcement increases it by removing something unpleasant?
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Give an example of a variable interval and a fixed ratio reinforcement schedule.
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Answers will vary.
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Learning to paint your fingernails by watching your
older sister; learning to bowl by watching your Mom…
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What is Observational Learning?
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Knowing how to get to Stop and Shop or how to start a car even though you have never
done it or by shown it specifically?
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What Latent Learning?
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Experiment conducted by Watson & Rayner which demonstrated that emotions
could be learned
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What is the Little Albert experiment?
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The boys were riding bikes. Sam rode his bike into the garage and scratched the car with his handlebars…Dad was furious and
Sam had to clean the whole garage. Andrew does not ride his bike in the
garage. Which principle of observation learning?
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What is vicarious reinforcement?
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An application of classical conditioning…to reduce Jen’s fear of heights…she is
slowly exposed to heights and each experience is paired with something
positive…Name this application.
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What is systematic desensitization?
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According to Ekman’s research on emotions, he identified six universal emotions. Name them.
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What are: anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and
surprise.?
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Upon which criteria did Plutchick select emotions for his wheel?
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What is “evolutionary fitness”?
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Emotions such as fear and anger are processed through this part of the brain.
Name the part.
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What is the limbic system?
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As a result of Phineas Gage’s accident, psychologists and doctors were able to identify
that emotions were processed in this part of the brain.
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What is the frontal lobe?
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Also responsible for cognitive thought, this part of the brain is responsible for processing more complex emotional experiences;
ones that require us to think about them.
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What is the frontal lobe?
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Which partial reinforcement schedule? dance lessons every Thursday evening
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What is fixed interval?
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The desire to join with others or be part of something larger
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What is affiliation?
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Application of operant conditioning during which steps in a sequence are learned and
finally linked together
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What is chaining?
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Term for the fact we seek to think and behave in ways that
fit what we believe
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What is cognitive consistency?
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The term for desires for stimulation such as sensory
stimulation, activity and exploration of environment
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What are:
Stimulus motives
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FinalJeopardy
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DailyDouble
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According to this biological theory of motivation, our body
tries to maintain a state of equilibrium, or homeostasis.
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What is the drive reduction theory?
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PSYCHOLOGYPSYCHOLOGYJEOPARDYJEOPARDY
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Go to Double Jeopardy
psychologypsychologyJEOPARDYJEOPARDY
DoubleJeopardy
DoubleJeopardy
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THEORIES TERMSAPPLICATION
Go to Final JeopardyGo to Regular Jeopardy Replay End Round
He was the Humanistic Theory who developed the “hierarchy
of needs”
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Who is Abraham Maslow?
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This theory suggests that we are motivated by inherited
behavior patterns passed down through generations.
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What is the Instinct Theory?
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Research indicates that animals & people perform best when their
nervous system is at an optimum level of arousal – which principle of
motivation is this?
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What is Yerkes-Dodson Law?
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THE MORE AUTONOMY YOU FEEL...THE MORE SELF-DIRECTED
YOU ARE
THE MORE SATISFIED YOU’LL BE – Which theory of motivation support this
statement?
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What is the self-determination theory?
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According to Daniel Pink in Drive, what three principles are most
motivating to people?
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What are autonomy, mastery, and purpose?
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Bees perform a dance to relay the location of food to other
bees. Which theory explains their motivation to do this?
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What is the Instinct Theory?
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Which theory explains:
Eating when hungry or putting on a sweatshirt when cold
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What is drive reduction theory?
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What best explains why a musician practices every day
for hours on end?
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What is achievement motivation?
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This theory of motivation explains why we share the interests of those we care
about or are upset when we have a disagreement with
someone we love
What is the balance theory?
This theory suggests we are motivated to act because of
the reinforcement we receive…
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What is the incentive theory?
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The term for a condition in which we require something
we do not have or lack
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What is a need?
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The term for people who are driven to get ahead, to tackle challenging, and to meet high personal standards of success
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What is achievement motivation?
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Rewards such as good grades, a good income, and respect of others
are THIS TYPE of reward or motivator
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What is an extrinsic motivator or reward?
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The term for the need to become what one believes he
or she is capable of being
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What is self-actualization?
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According to this theory, we are motivated to keep our
thoughts and attitudes consistent with our actions
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What is the Cognitive Dissonance Theory?
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Psychologist who studied moral development and
developed stages based on moral reasoning
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Who is Kohlberg?
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Psychologist who developed the psychosocial stages of
development.
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Who is Erikson?
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Psychologist who identified categories of adolescent
identity status
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Who is Marcia?
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Psychologist who recently proposed the need to add a
“new stage” of development – emerging adulthood.
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Who is Arnett?
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A child facing the conflict of Autonomy v. Doubt would likely be functioning at this stage of
Cognitive Development?
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What is Pre-operational?
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A child who is functioning at the Concrete Operational Level
would likely be facing this conflict according to Erikson?
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What is Industry v. Inferiority?
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If one is dealing with Erikson’s Identity v. Role Confusion,
what stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development are
they in?
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What is Formal Operational?
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`A child who is functioning in the Pre-Convention – Stage 2 of Kohlberg’s Moral Development is likely at this level of Cognitive Development?
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What is Pre-operational?
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Most early adolescents facing Erikson’s Identity v. Role
Confusion are functioning at this level of Moral Reasoning
according to Kohlberg?
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What is Conventional – Level 4?
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FinalJeopardy
Stages of Development
According to this theory, friends who disagree about politics might either deny the differences exist OR avoid thinking about them for as long as
possible.
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What is the cognitive dissonance theory?
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