Public Speaking and the Communication Process

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Becoming aPublic Speaker


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Chapter One

Table of Contents The Many Benefits of Public Speaking

Public Speaking as a Form of CommunicationPublic Speaking and the Communication

ProcessLearning to Speak in PublicClassical roots of public speaking


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The Many Benefits of PublicSpeaking

Professional and personal opportunitiesHoning Critical Thinking and ListeningSkillsEnhancing Your Career as a Student

Accomplishing Professional and PersonalGoalsExploring and Sharing Values


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The Many Benefits of Public Speaking:

Honing Critical Thinking and ListeningSkills

Sharpen your ability to reason or think critically.

Learn to make claims and presentevidence and reasoningImprove listening skills which enables youto separate fact from falsehood.


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Enhancing Your Career as a Student

Preparing speechesinvolves numerous skillsthat you can use in othercourses:

ResearchOral presentation

Basic communicationCreative thinking


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Accomplishing Professional andPersonal Goals

Professional Goals:Convey information, persuade and motivate

othersSkill in public speaking tops the list of sought-after skills by many organizations.

Personal GoalsPublic speaking helps you communicate

personal concerns to others.


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Exploring and Sharing Values

Public speaking enables you to express valuesand explore those of others in a civil dialogue,regardless of whether or not the audienceshares your viewpoint.


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Public Speaking as a Form of Communication

Dyadic communication: communicationbetween two people

Small group communication : smallnumber of people who can see and speak directly with each other


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Mass communication : a speaker and alarge audience of unknown people

Public speaking : a speaker delivers amessage with a specific purpose to an audiencewho are present during delivery


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Similarities between Public Speakingand Other Forms of CommunicationDifferences between Public Speakingand Other Forms of Communication


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Public Speaking as a Form of Communication:

Similarities between Public Speakingand Other Forms of Communication

Like small group communication, publicspeaking requires you to clearly address issuesthat are relevant to the topic and occasion.

Like mass communication, you have to appealto a listeners interest, attitudes, and values.


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Similarities between Public Speakingand Other Forms of Communication

Like in conversations, you have to attempt tomake yourself understood, involve and respondto the listeners, and take responsibility for whatyou say.


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Differences between Public Speakingand Other Forms of Communication

Feedback in public speaking is morerestrictive.Preparation must be careful andextensive.The degree of formality tends to behigher.


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Public Speaking and theCommunication Process

Communication is an interactive processin which people exchange and interpretmessages with one another.


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Public Speaking and the CommunicationProcess

Elements of Communication

Special Speaker Considerations:Speech Context, Goals, and Outcome


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Public Speaking and the Communication Process:


Source : Person who creates a messageEncoding: physical process of delivering a

messageReceiver : Recipient of the sourcesmessage

Decoding:process of interpreting the speakersmessage

Message : Content of the communicationprocess; thoughts and ideas


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Channel : medium through which the speakersends a message

Noise: interference that serves as a barrier tocommunication

Audience Perspective : needs, attitudes, andvalues of the audience


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Shared Meaning : mutual understanding of a message between speaker and audience


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Special Speaker Considerations

Speech context: factors that influence the audience, the speech, or the occasion.

Maintain a clear focus on your goal.Make sure afterward that you have

accomplished the goal you set out toreach.


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Learning to Speak in Public

Draw on Familiar SkillsRecognize Public Speakings UniqueRequirements Aim to Become a Culturally Sensitive

Speaker


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Learning to Speak in Public

Public speaking is an acquired skill.

People have to devote time and effort toimprovement.


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Learning to Speak in Public:

Draw on Familiar Skills

There are many skills to public speakingthat you have used unknowinglythroughout your life, in conversation andwriting.


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Writing and public speaking have manysimilarities.

Each require a focused sense of theaudience

Each require research and documentationBoth use effective transitionsBoth rely on persuasion


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Conversation and public speaking alsohave many similarities.

Both require the speaker to consider theaudience, the topic, and the occasion.

However, conversation is more informal;public speaking requires formal language


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Use familiar words and straightforwardsyntax.Use a conversational tone along with aformal style.


Recognize Public Speakings UniqueRequirements


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Aim to Become a Culturally SensitiveSpeaker

Recognize and appreciate all forms of diversity.

Create a sense of inclusion.

Avoid ethnocentrism : t he belief that theways of ones own culture are superior to thoseof other cultures


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Classical roots in public speaking

Rhetoric : the practice of oratory

The cannons of rhetoric : the fivepart process of preparing a speech


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Classical roots in public speaking

The cannons of rhetoricInvention adapting to the audience

Arrangement organizing the speechStyle language choiceMemory practicing the speech

Delivery vocal and nonvocal behavior

Documents

Public Speaking and the Communication Process