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What to Praise
• Effort, struggle, persistence despite setbacks, but not just effort…
• Strategies, choices
• Choosing difficult tasks
• Learning, improving
Criticism
• Grade takes account of revising, improving based on critical feedback
• Reward students for seeking critiques
• Cohen: How to give criticism:
High standards + reassurance
Defensive Students
• Won’t hear feedback—”I know, I know..”
Different conversations
Opportunity
Learning quickly vs. learning deeply
Reflection
• What is one practice you could change in your school(s) right now to promote more of a growth mindset?
Teachers’ Practices in Maths
• Teachers with a fixed mindset about mathematical ability:
• Judged a student’s ability from one exam
Teachers’ Practices in Maths
• Teachers with a fixed mindset about mathematical ability:
• Judged a student’s ability from one exam
• Comforted student: “Don’t worry, not everyone…”
• Unhelpful strategies
A Mystery
For students in top charter schools in the U.S.
• Over 90% gain admission to university
• Only 30-40% make it through.
• Why?
Another Mystery
• Study with Native Americans: Mindset intervention did not work at first
• Why?
• Making the mindset message culturally relevant
Reflection
• Think about something you’ve admired in other teachers/educators.
• What is one thing you could do to begin building that skill?
Organizational Culture
• A mindset can permeate an organization
• Murphy & Dweck (2010)
• Affects core values of employees
• Affects their behavior and decisions
Who Are the Great Leaders?
• Identified 50 managers who achieved “breakout” results
• Conclusion: They shared one thing—
Liedtka et al., 2008
Who Are the Great Leaders?
A Growth Mindset:• Faith in their ability to change selves
and environment
• Conviction that learning is the route
• Belief in teamwork
Liedtka et al., 2008
Before WorkshopBefore Workshop
• Fixed mindset managers did not welcome feedback as much
• Fixed mindset managers didn’t mentor their employees as much--people can’t change
• Fixed mindset managers didn’t notice improvement--first impressions last
Mindset Workshop
• Scientific article and video on how the brain grows with learning throughout life
Mindset Workshop
• Scientific article and video on how the brain grows with learning throughout life
• Exercises to instill a growth mindset
Mindset Workshop
• What is an area in which you once had low ability, but now perform quite well? How were you able to make this change?
Mindset Workshop
• What is an area in which you once had low ability, but now perform quite well? How were you able to make this change?
• Who is someone you know who dramatically improved their performance? Or did something you didn’t think they were capable of?
What did they do that enabled them to improve?
• As an educator, what are at least 3 reasons why it is important to believe that students can develop their abilities?
Exercise
• Write an email to a student in your class/school who once found school relatively easy but is now struggling and is turning off to school. Talk about the growth mindset and how abilities can be developed.
After
After the growth mindset workshop, managers showed greater:
• Openness to critical feedback• Willingness to mentor and higher quality of
mentoring• Openness to employee change
• Facing a challenging task
• Experiencing setbacks or getting criticism
• Encountering someone more proficient than you
Changing an Organization
• Message from the top
• Public Branding: What would you like to change? What would you like to grow?
• New managers meeting organized around growth mindset: permission to learn
• Managers moved out of comfort zone, took on more challenges—and were rewarded for it.
Reflection
What is one professional challenge you are now facing?
How could you approach that challenge with more of a growth mindset?
Mindset Leadership LessonsMindset Leadership Lessons
• Effort and learning create talent
• Good leadership is mentoring and collaborating, not simply judging
• Leaders themselves need to experiment and grow