Radio Evolution Beyond LTE - · PDF file1 © Nokia Siemens Networks Radio Evolution Beyond LTE University of Ljubljana 25th October 2011 Harri Holma – NSN Fellow, Radio System Performance

1 © Nokia Siemens Networks

Radio Evolution Beyond LTE

University of Ljubljana25th October 2011Harri Holma – NSN Fellow , Radio System Performance


Agenda

• Industry trends• LTE live networks• LTE Advanced• Beyond 4G radio• Liquid radio vision• Limits of radio network capacity


Global cellular traffic forecast [EB/year]

By 2015 – around 20x growth of cellular data traffic

Source: NSN forecasts 04/2011

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 20150 EB

10 EB

20 EB

30 EB

40 EB Smart phone users

Voice traffic

Laptops/tablets users

Large screen mobiles (laptops/tablets) dominate cellular traffic

Smart phone traffic being the fastest growing segment more than doubling in 2011

Voice traffic growth with number of subscribers, and still growing average usage


Data vs Signalling Traffic

0

20

40

60

80

100

Data traffic

Data and signalling traffic by terminal type (measured in live network)

Per

cent

age

of to

tal a

mou

nt

iPhone – 18%

HTC Android – 8%Blackberry – 2%

Others – 12%

Dongles – 60%

Signalling traffic

Blackberry – 26%Fast dormancy on

Others – 19%Dongles – 1%

HTC Android – 32%Fast dormancy on

iPhone – 22%Fast dormancy on


Traffic volume per hourNumber of users per hour

100000

80000

60000

40000

20000

000 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Modem Smartphone

1,4E+M

1,2E+M

6E+M

4E+M

2E+M

000 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Modem Smartphone

8E+M

1E+M

• Smartphone users and dongle users have different use patterns and traffic volumes• The challenge for our industry is to design our networks to be able to support both

smartphones and dongles well – with no surprises

Smartphones vs modems: Live 3G traffic and user profi les

“Always on” apps keep smartphone user numbers high around the clock

50% of peak

27% of peak

6 © Nokia Siemens Networks 20116 © Nokia Siemens Networks6 © Nokia Siemens Networks 2011

LTE Technology in Live Networks


3GPP Peak Data Rate Evolution in Downlink

• Fast data rate evolution with LTE and HSPA• Peak rate has increased by a factor of 100 in 7 years• The solution is more bandwidth and more antennas

Release 5Release 7 300 Mbps

(150 Mbps)

Release 8 300 Mbps (150 Mbps)

Release 9 3 Gbps (300 Mbps)

Release 10 3 Gbps

Release 11+

14 Mbps 28 Mbps42 Mbps

84 Mbps168 Mbps

336 Mbps

= LTE

= HSPAJune 2004 Commercial

today


LTE has Become Reality

• 166 LTE network operator commitments in 62 countries

380 million subscribers by 2015 Forecast for LTE lead markets by Research and Markets

• 24 commercial LTE networks launched by June 2011

• At least 91 LTE networks expected to be in commercial operation by end 2012


102.1

39.3 40.1

21.2

95.6

26.920.6

14.2

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Peak Average Peak Average

Downlink Uplink

Mbp

s Göteborg NSNStockholm E///

LTE Delivers Tens of Mbps in Live Networks

Average 39 Mbps


LTE Delivers Below 15 ms Latency

• Radio latency has become very short – not a bottleneck anymore• More important to optimize end-to-end latency in other parts of the system

LTE HSPA

Minimum 12 m, average 13 ms Minimum 19 m, average 26 ms


LTE-Advanced


LTE Timing in 3GPP and in Networks

March 2010March 20093GPP spec ready

June 2011

2H/20112H/2010Networks + first CPEs

End-2012

“Basic LTE” “Small enhancements including VoIP, femto

handovers, MBMS and positioning”

“LTE-Advanced”

Peak rate

Average rate

150 Mbps with 20 MHz1


Release 8 Release 9



1 Gbps with 40 MHz3


Release 10

1With 2x2 antennas2With 4x4 antennas3With 8x8 antennas

LTE-Advanced: Toolbox of Features

Bandwidth Extension

MIMO

Cooperative Systems

Relaying

8x 4x

100 MHz

Smooth Migrationto LTE-A

Backward compatible

to LTE

Mobility

+Heterogeneous Networks

More bandwidth

More antennas

More sites

Relaying

Cooperation


Beyond 4G


What will the world want from wireless by 2020?

Support up to 1000 times more traffic

Rock solid, ubiquitous connectivity

Gbps peak speeds

Millisecond latency for true “local feel”

Super HD

HD

Ultra HD3D HD

3D SDTV

100Mbps 200Mbps 3000Mbps

Apps bandwidth demand

Mobile data traffic

2010 20151 EB

1000x1000 EB

2020

©2011 Intuitive Surgical, Inc.


By 2020 – radio can reduce latency 10x

The main benefit is realized when content is close. 1 ms limits fiber length to 100 km.

Radio latency can be pushed to 1 ms by 2020 by using a shorter frame length

Enable low-latency M2M solutions

0 ms

5 ms

10 ms

15 ms

20 ms

Latency in radio networks

HSPA LTE “B4G“

Air interfaceBase station UE


By 2020 - radio can improve in spectral efficiency 1 0x

Efficiency is not limited by Shannon law but by inter-cell interference.

Spectral efficiency can be improved by managing inter-cell interference.

Cell edge data rates improve twice as much

0

2

4

6

8

LTE2x2

LTEAdvanced

4x4

+ CoMP + UEinterferencecancelation

+ furtherinnovations

Spectral efficiency [bps/Hz/cell]

HSPA today


By 2020 - there can be 10x more spectrum available

10 times more spectrum can be made available if we drive for it.

Cognitive radio enables optimized spectrum usage over multiple operators

Evolution of available radio spectrum

Unlic 5GHzUnlic 2.4GHz3700 MHz3400 MHz2600 MHz2300 MHz

2100 MHz1800 MHz900 MHz800 MHz700 MHz450 MHz

2010 2012 2015 2020

500MHz

1000MHz

1500MHz

2100 MHz TDD


Up to 1000 times more capacity

10xPerformance

10x Spectrum

10x Base stations

1000xcapacity


What will a macro site look like?

RF module is integrated with the antenna

Bulky shelters have disappeared - base stations installed on mast tops

New antenna form factors emerge: panels, arrays, irregular shapes

Baseband processing is integrated with the antenna, or pooled at central site


What will a small base station look like?

Pico/Micro size is dictated by required antenna performance

Femto module shrinks to finger tip size


How can we deploy, commission and maintain all the radios, frequency bands and layers?

All cells and frequency layers automatically managed by advanced SON

All spectrum under unified RRM for instant capacity and coverage optimization

Cognitive networks will reduce errors, improve quality and lower operation and energy costs

Virtually one ubiquitous connectivity


Liquid Radio Concept


Liquid Radio – Key elements

Baseband pooling Active Antenna Systems Unified & SON enabledHeterogeneous Networks

Beamforming, CoMP

RRH6-sectorsites

3-sectorRF model

ActiveAntenna

Over 10 Gbpsbaseband

LTE

TD-LTE

HSPA+

HSPA+Femto

LTEFemto

WiFi

High load Low load


Active antenna with vertical beamformingActive antenna with vertical beamformingTraditional RRH with classic radiation patternTraditional RRH with classic radiation pattern

Active Antenna Solution with Beamforming

Up to 65% increased capacity with Active antenna

RRH

Flexi Multiradio Antenna System


Heterogeneous Networks

Flexi Lite base station


Maximum Capacity – Case Study Slovenia


How Much Traffic per Subscriber can be Supported?

20 MHz HSPA

1M subscribers

20 MHz HSPA + 50 MHz LTE

100 MHz LTE + pico cells

+ 6 sectors or beamforming in

macro cells

100 MHz LTE in macro cells

5 different casesstudied

Assumptions

The next slide shows network level dimensioning byassuming typical traffic patters from existing mobile broadband networks.

Busy hour load 50%Sites carrying 50% of traffic 15%Voice share 0%Sectors 3Busy hour share 7%HSPA cell throughput 6.0LTE 20 MHz cell throughput 35.0Traffic per sub per month [GB] 5.0Number of base stations 7006-sector capacity gain 50%Pico cell capacity gain 250%


1.56.8

10.215.9

55.8

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

20 MHz HSPA 20 MHz HSPA +

50 MHz LTE

20 MHz HSPA +

50 MHz LTE +

Sectorization

100 MHz LTE 100 MHz LTE +

pico cells

GB/sub/month

How Much Traffic per Subscriber can be Supported?

1.5 GB/sub with HSPA

6-10 GB/sub with HSPA + LTE

15 GB/sub with future macro cell

LTE

50 GB/sub with small cells

For reference: HD IP-TV 2 hoursper day equals 270 GB /month


Thank you!Thank you!

www.nokiasiemensnetworks.comNokia Siemens NetworksLinnoitustie 6FI-02600 ESPOOFinland

Harri HolmaNSN Fellow – Radio System PerformanceNokia Siemens Networks [email protected] +358 40 523 2609

Documents

Radio Evolution Beyond LTE - · PDF file1 © Nokia Siemens Networks Radio Evolution Beyond LTE University of Ljubljana 25th October 2011 Harri Holma – NSN Fellow, Radio System Performance