RAMP INSPECTIONS

8/9/2019 RAMP INSPECTIONS

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T RAMP INSPECTIONS


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T AIRCRAFT RAMP INSPECTION

OBJECTIVE.

This chapter provides guidance for

sampling the quality of maintenance

and the degree of compliance withthe operator's maintenance

procedures on in service airline

aircraft.


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T AIRCRAFT RAMP INSPECTIONGENERAL

CAA Inspection Personnel should be

familiar with the type of aircraft to be

inspected before performing theinspection. This can be accomplished

by on the job training.

Time constraints may require that twoor more inspectors perform this task in

exterior and interior phases.


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T COORDINATION

Coordination between AW

and Ops inspectors may be

requiredUse of a Identification Card

should relieve airport security

problems.


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T INITIATION AND PLANNING

This task is normally scheduled as

part of an AWI work program.

Planning. The ramp inspection

provides the AWI with a goodopportunity to ensure that the

compliance dates and requirements of

new ADs etc have been met.Inspectors should become familiar

with current service difficulty

information.


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T MAINTENANCE RECORDINGAll maintenance action must be recorded.

Appropriate procedures should be in the

CMM.

All mechanical discrepancies must be

either corrected or deferred using themethods identified in the CMM.

MEL procedures must be followed.

Any repetitive MEL procedures must beaccomplished and signed off in the

maintenance log.


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OTHER DEFERRED MAINTENANCE

Operators may use a system to monitor items that

have been inspected previously and found to bewithin serviceable limits. These items are still

airworthy, yet warrant repair at a later time or when

items no longer meet serviceable limits. This

method of deferral may require repetitiveinspections to ensure continuing airworthiness of

the items. Examples of items that are commonly

deferred in this manner are fuel leak classifications,

dent limitations, and temporary (airworthy) repairs.(cont.)


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T DEFERRED MAINTENANCE

Passenger convenience item (not

safety/airworthiness related) deferrals

should be handled in accordance withthe operator's program.

The maintenance program approved

for an operator must provide forprompt and orderly repairs of

inoperative items.


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T CABIN INSPECTION

This inspection should be performed, when possible,

without disturbing the loading and unloading of

passengers. The inspection can still be performed

when some passengers are on board during through

flights, but good judgment must be exercised by

inspecting areas away from the passengers.

Any discrepancy should be brought to the attention of

the flight crew or appropriate maintenance personnel

immediately.


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CARGO/COMBINATION

CONFIGURED AIRCRAFT

Inspection results have disclosed

instances of significant aircraft

structural damage resulting from

careless loading of cargo, such as: Torn or punctured liners, indicating hidden

damage

Damaged rollers, ball mats, etc., causingstructural damage to the floors

Corrosion and structural damage caused

by improper handling of some hazardous

materials


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PERFORMING THE

INSPECTIONThis inspection must be accomplished without

interfering with the turnaround of the aircraft. Thefollowing list of items are just some of the activities

that could cause a delay if interfered with.

Boarding and deplaning of passengers

Servicing

Fueling

Maintenance

Baggage handlingAction to correct any deficiencies must be in

accordance with the CMM.


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T PROCEDURESInitiate Ramp Inspection in Accordance with

CAA Work Program

Prepare for the Inspection

Review the operator's schedule, select the flight

to be inspected, and determine the type ofequipment and ground time.

Determine if any recent problem areas have

been identified for that type of aircraft.

Determine if recent regulatory changes and ADrequirements affect the aircraft to be inspected.


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T INTERVIEW FLIGHT CREW.

Introduce yourself to the flight crewand describe the purpose and scope of

the inspection.

Inspect Aircraft Maintenance Records Ensure that all open discrepancies from

the previous flight are resolved per the

operator's manual, prior to departure ofthe aircraft.

Review the maintenance records to

determine if repetitive maintenance

problems exist that might indicate a trend


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CONDUCT EXTERIOR INSPECTIO


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CONDUCT EXTERIOR INSPECTI

Accompany a flight crewmember during the

exterior inspection, and inspect the following, asapplicable:

Landing gear and wheel well areas. Check for:

Any indication of wear, chafing, cracks, dents

Structural integrity of gear and doors

Hydraulic leaks

Tire condition & pressure

Wheel installation and safety locking devices Brake wear, line security, leaks

Corrosion


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T FUSELAGE AND PYLONS.

Inspect the following:

Structure for cracks, corrosion, dents, or

other damage

Fasteners (loose, improper, missing) Condition of radome

Condition of pitot tubes

Static ports (cleanliness and obstructions) Stall warning devices and other sensors

Antennas (security and indications of

corrosion)


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T FUSELAGE AND PYLONS.


Lavatory servicing areas (evidence of

fresh blue water streaks)

Cargo compartments for integrity of fireprotective liners (no holes or unapproved

tape used for repairs)

Emergency exit identification/markings

Registration marking (legibility)

All lights (general condition, broken

lenses, etc.)


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T WINGS AND PYLONS.


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T WINGS AND PYLONS.

Inspect the following: Structure for cracks, corrosion, dents,

damage

Leading edge (dents and/or damage in

line with engine inlets)

Leading edge devices (when open,

actuator leaks, general condition of lines,

wires, and plumbing)


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T WINGS AND PYLONS.


All lights (general condition, broken lenses, etc.)

Flaps (cracks, corrosion, dents, and delamination)

Flap wells (general condition of lines, wires, and

plumbing)

Static eliminators (number missing)

Ailerons and aileron tabs (cracks, corrosion,

dents, delamination)

Missing, loose, or improperly secured accessdoor/inspection panels and blowout panels


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T ENGINES.


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T ENGINES.

Inspect the following: Intake for fan blade damage, and oil leaks

Ring cowl for missing or loose fasteners

Cowling doors for security and proper fit

Lower cowling for evidence of fluid leaks

Exhaust for turbine and tailpipe damage,

and evidence of fluids Reverser doors for stowage and security,

and evidence of leaks

Access doors for security


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T PROPELLERS.

Inspect the following: Leading edge of propeller for cracks,

dents, and other damage

Deicer boots for signs of deterioration andsecurity

Spinners for security, cracks, and

evidence of fluid leaks


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T EMPENNAGE.


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T EMPENNAGE.


Leading edge for dents

All lights (general condition, broken

lenses, etc.)

Missing static discharge eliminators

Elevator, rudder, and tabs (cracks,

corrosion, dents, and delamination)

Elevator and rudder power unit for

evidence of hydraulic leaks


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T GROUND SAFETY


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Positioning of support vehicles

Fueling of aircraft, to include the

following:

Refueling pressure

Condition of refueling unit (leaks, filter

change dates, exhaust system, etc.)

Grounding

Fire protection

General fueling procedures

GENERAL CONDITION OF


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GENERAL CONDITION OFRAMP

Check the following:

Provisions for grounding

Foreign objects on ramp

Fuel spills

General housekeeping/cleanliness

Passenger controlFire protection


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T BAGGAGE.

Observe loading and unloading of

baggage compartments to include

the following:

Baggage restraining system

Load distribution

MAINTENANCE


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MAINTENANCERECORDING - MEL

Ensure that all MEL items are deferred in

accordance with the operator's approvedMEL.

Review the operator's approved MEL to determine that

conditions, procedures, and placarding requirements a

carried out to correctly defer specific items. Note the date when an item was first deferred to

determine if the maximum allowed length of deferral w

exceeded. Accomplish this by examining maintenance

record pages, the deferred maintenance list, or deferremaintenance placards or stickers.

MAINTENANCE


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MAINTENANCERECORDINGEnsure that an airworthiness release,

maintenance record entry, or appropriateapproval for return to service has been made

after the completion of maintenance.

Ensure that the maintenance record contains

the following for each discrepancy:

Description of the work performed or a

reference to acceptable data

Name or other positive identification of theperson approving the work

Name of the person performing work

INTERIOR INSPECTION


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INTERIOR INSPECTION

GUIDELINES

Examine the airworthiness and

registration certificates. Ensure

Airworthiness and registrationcertificates are current and valid and

both certificates contain the same

model, serial, and registrationnumbers.


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T FLIGHT DECK INSPECTION.


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T FLIGHT DECK INSPECTION.Inspect the following:

Instrument security and range markings Windows (delamination, scratches, crazing, and

general visibility)

Emergency equipment,Seal on medical kit

Seat belts and shoulder harnesses

Check the following if using cockpit jumpseat:

Jump seat oxygen system - turn regulator on and

select 100% oxygen

Interphone system Ensure that the jump seat is serviceable

including restraint


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T CABIN INSPECTION


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T CABIN INSPECTION.

Inspect the cabin to include thefollowing:

Lavatory. Ensure the following:

Fire extinguisher system is installed insealed trash containers

Smoke detection system is installed

Rubbish containers are sealed according toapplicable AD(s)

"No Smoking" placards are posted

Ashtrays are available outside the lavatory


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T FLIGHT ATTENDANT

SEATS.

Pull the jump seat down to

ensure seat retracts (those

in the path of exits)

Inspect seat belts for

general condition

CABIN EMERGENCY


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CABIN EMERGENCYEQUIPMENT.

All equipment requiring periodic

inspections should have an inspection

date marked on it. Inspect the following:

Flight attendant flashlight holder

Slide containers, to ensure containers are properlymarked for content. Check pressure of slide

inflation bottle if visible.

Medical kit/First aid kit

Emergency oxygen (proper pressure and security)

CABIN EMERGENCY


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CABIN EMERGENCYEQUIPMENT.

Inspect the following for security & general

condition:Megaphone(s)

Fire extinguishers (security, pressure, seal,)

Liferaft /life preservers, storage markings

Emergency briefing cards (random sample)

General condition of emergency floor path lighting

system

Placement/legibility of all "Emergency Exit" signsPlacarding for location of all emergency

equipment


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T PASSENGER SEATS.

Ensure the following: Seats adjacent to emergency exits do not

block exit path

Seats are secure in seat rack (randomsample)

Seat breakover pressure is in accordance

with operator's maintenance program

(random sample)

"Fasten Seat Belt During Flight" placards

are in view from all seats

Seat belts (random sample)

GALLEYS/SERVICE


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GALLEYS/SERVICECENTERS.


Trash bin lids for fit and seal

Storage compartment restraints Stationary cart tiedowns

Lower lobe equipment/restraints

Lift operation Galley supply stowage


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T Overhead baggagecompartments.

Check for weight restriction

placards and the doors for proper

latching, when applicable

INSPECT CARGO


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INSPECT CARGOCOMPARTMENT

Ensure the following: Cargo compartment fire protection is

appropriate for its classification

Cargo liner is free from tears and/orpunctures. If these are noted, inspect

structure behind liner for damage. Ensure

sealing tape is proper type and in good

condition. Cargo door is free of fluid leaks and

structural damage

Fuselage door structure and sill are free of

damage

INSPECT CARGO


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INSPECT CARGOCOMPARTMENT

Ensure the following:

Smoke detectors are in satisfactory

condition

Lighting is operable and protective grills

are installed

Cargo flooring is free from structural or

other damage Pallet positions/compartments are

placarded for position identification and

weight limitations


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T INSPECT PALLET SYSTEM

Ensure the following: mats are serviceable, e.g., no

broken or missing balls

Forward, aft, and side

restraints are serviceable

Roller assemblies are secure

and have no missing or

broken rollers

CARGO COMPARTMENT


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CARGO COMPARTMENT -GENERAL

Ensure the 9 g forward restraint net isserviceable, if applicable.

Ensure that cargo restraints for bulk loaded

cargo are adequate, if applicable.

Inspect cabin mounted equipment.

Inspect fire extinguishers for inspection due

dates and pressure.

Inspect load manifest for Hazardous Material.If present, determine crew knowledge of

location and labeling of hazardous materials

and if proper paperwork is on board.


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T DEBRIEF CREW

Inform the flight crew or appropriatepersonnel that the inspection has been

completed. Discuss the discrepancies

brought to the operator's attentionduring the inspection.

Examine Maintenance Record Entries.

Ensure that the operator has recordedall discrepancies noted during this

inspection. If time is available, monitor

the operator's corrective actions


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T ANALYZE FINDINGS.

Analyze each finding to determine ifthe discrepancies are the result of

improper maintenance and/or missing

or inadequate maintenance/inspectionprocedures


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T INSPECTION OUTCOMES

File report FormCompletion of this task can result

in the following:

Appropriate enforcement action whenanalysis of the findings disclose improper

maintenance.

Written notification to the operator of thenecessary changes to the manual, when

analysis of the findings disclose missing

or inadequate maintenance/inspection

procedures.


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T FUTURE ACTIVITIES.

Based on inspection findings,determine if closer surveillance,

additional enforcement, other job

tasks, and/or additional coordinationbetween Central Office and Regional

Offices are required to

regain compliance.

Documents

RAMP INSPECTIONS