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Recursive InterNetwork Architecture An Assessment of the IRATI Implementation Jeroen van Leur Jeroen Klomp University of Amsterdam System and Network Engineering February 1, 2016

Recursive InterNetwork Architecture - delaat.net · Recursive InterNetwork Architecture AnAssessmentoftheIRATIImplementation JeroenvanLeur JeroenKlomp University of Amsterdam System

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Page 1: Recursive InterNetwork Architecture - delaat.net · Recursive InterNetwork Architecture AnAssessmentoftheIRATIImplementation JeroenvanLeur JeroenKlomp University of Amsterdam System

Recursive InterNetwork ArchitectureAn Assessment of the IRATI Implementation

Jeroen van Leur Jeroen Klomp

University of AmsterdamSystem and Network Engineering

February 1, 2016

Page 2: Recursive InterNetwork Architecture - delaat.net · Recursive InterNetwork Architecture AnAssessmentoftheIRATIImplementation JeroenvanLeur JeroenKlomp University of Amsterdam System

Introduction Implementations Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Conclusion

Research goals

Research questionWhat is the current state of the IRATI RINA implementation?

• Find out which Recursive InterNetwork Architecture (RINA)implementations exist

• Find out their differences• Find out how an experimental network needs to be set up• Find out how resilient the routing in a small network is

RINA Jeroen van Leur, Jeroen Klomp 1/20

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Introduction Implementations Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Conclusion

Problems with TCP/IP

• Mobility not straightforward• Multihoming does not scale• Multicast does not scale• Quality of Service does not scale• Many security issues

RINA Jeroen van Leur, Jeroen Klomp 2/20

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Introduction Implementations Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Conclusion

What causes these problems?

• TCP/IP has an incomplete addressing scheme• Applications are not named• IP addresses name the interface, not the node• Point of attachment (link-layer) addresses are in concept the

same as IP addresses• No integrated security

RINA Jeroen van Leur, Jeroen Klomp 3/20

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Introduction Implementations Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Conclusion

What is wrong with the layers?

• Layers not properly defined and inflexible

Figure: TCP/IP model?!1

1(Veselý, Marek, Hykel, & Ryšavý, 2015)RINA Jeroen van Leur, Jeroen Klomp 4/20

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Introduction Implementations Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Conclusion

Layers in RINA

"The Internet is an unfinished demo" — John Day (2008)

Figure: RINA’s recursive layered approach2

2(Veselý et al., 2015)RINA Jeroen van Leur, Jeroen Klomp 5/20

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Introduction Implementations Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Conclusion

RINA concepts

Figure: RINA layers and components3

3Based on (Grasa et al., 2011)RINA Jeroen van Leur, Jeroen Klomp 6/20

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Introduction Implementations Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Conclusion

Communication in RINA

Figure: RINA directory, routes and paths4

4based on (Grasa et al., 2011)RINA Jeroen van Leur, Jeroen Klomp 7/20

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Introduction Implementations Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Conclusion

RINA protocols

• Only two protocols• Error and Flow Control Protocol

• Provides both unreliable (DTP)5 and reliable (DTCP)6 flows• No need for handshakes• Flows distinguished by Connection-ID

• Common Distributed Application Protocol• Object-based communication• Only six primitive operations: Create/Delete, Read/Write,

Start/Stop

5Data Transfer Protocol6Data Transfer Control Protocol

RINA Jeroen van Leur, Jeroen Klomp 8/20

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Introduction Implementations Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Conclusion

Implementations

Figure: PSOC overviewed RINA implementations7

7Adapted from (Grasa, 2015)RINA Jeroen van Leur, Jeroen Klomp 9/20

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Introduction Implementations Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Conclusion

IRATI

• Multiple shim Distributed IPC Facilities (DIFs)• UDP/IP• Ethernet via 802.1Q• Hypervisor to guest• Dummy shim for debugging

• Routing• Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System (IS-IS)• IP Fast Reroute (IPFRR)• Optional multipath routing with equal-cost multipath routing

(ECMP) plugin

RINA Jeroen van Leur, Jeroen Klomp 10/20

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Introduction Implementations Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Conclusion

Design

Figure: Physical network design

Figure: Logical network design

RINA Jeroen van Leur, Jeroen Klomp 11/20

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Introduction Implementations Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Conclusion

Basic tests

• IRATI stack• Initialisation• Enrolling to DIF

• Connectivity test• Behaviour of flow• Monitoring the connectivity

• Performance test

RINA Jeroen van Leur, Jeroen Klomp 12/20

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Introduction Implementations Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Conclusion

Results

• Susceptible to configuration errors• Debugging options: high I/O and impact CPU• Tooling results:

• Echo tool shows response round-trip time (RTT) less than 1ms.

• Wireshark showed src/dst address correctly after patching• Performance tests results from 400 Mbit/sec to 15 Gbit/sec

Figure: Wrong address Figure: Correct address

RINA Jeroen van Leur, Jeroen Klomp 13/20

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Introduction Implementations Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Conclusion

Physical design

RINA Jeroen van Leur, Jeroen Klomp 14/20

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Introduction Implementations Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Conclusion

Logical design

RINA Jeroen van Leur, Jeroen Klomp 15/20

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Introduction Implementations Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Conclusion

Routing tests

• Configuration• Enrolling to the DIFs• Changes in the tools

• Resilience tests• Disconnecting links• Connectivity test

• Multipath plugin• Performance test

RINA Jeroen van Leur, Jeroen Klomp 16/20

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Introduction Implementations Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Conclusion

Results

• Manual configuration of all systems• Routing information in resource information base (RIB)

• Next Hops• Underlying DIF• All neighbours

• Network updates are propagated

Next hopsName: /resalloc/nhopt/key=16-0; Class: NextHopTableEntry; Instance: 47Value: Destination address: 16; QoS-id: 0; Cost: 1; Next hop addresses: 17 /

Name: /resalloc/nhopt/key=17-0; Class: NextHopTableEntry; Instance: 48Value: Destination address: 17; QoS-id: 0; Cost: 1; Next hop addresses: 17 /

Name: /resalloc/nhopt/key=18-0; Class: NextHopTableEntry; Instance: 49Value: Destination address: 18; QoS-id: 0; Cost: 1; Next hop addresses: 18 /

RINA Jeroen van Leur, Jeroen Klomp 17/20

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Introduction Implementations Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Conclusion

Routing Resiliency

• System 1 - System 2 disconnected• No re-routing possible for existing and new flows• Multipath plugin

• Multiple paths in Wireshark• Next hops change in RIB• Lacks link failure resiliency

Multipath next hopsName: /resalloc/nhopt/key=16-0; Class: NextHopTableEntry; Instance: 47Value: Destination address: 16; QoS-id: 0; Cost: 1; Next hop addresses: 17/

Name: /resalloc/nhopt/key=17-0; Class: NextHopTableEntry; Instance: 48Value: Destination address: 17; QoS-id: 0; Cost: 1; Next hop addresses: 18/

Name: /resalloc/nhopt/key=18-0; Class: NextHopTableEntry; Instance: 49

Value: Destination address: 18; QoS-id: 0; Cost: 1; Next hop addresses: 17/ 18

RINA Jeroen van Leur, Jeroen Klomp 18/20

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Introduction Implementations Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Conclusion

Conclusion

• IRATI is still in an experimental phase• Routing was not resilient• Using IRATI requires Unix background and programming skillsto debug issues

• Ongoing progress:• Future projects will enhance IRATI• New ProtoRINA release this year• Active improvement of the RINA reference model

RINA Jeroen van Leur, Jeroen Klomp 19/20

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Introduction Implementations Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Conclusion

Any questions?

RINA Jeroen van Leur, Jeroen Klomp 20/20

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References

References

Grasa, E. (2015, October). Rina essentials. NEXTWORKS,PRISTINE, and University of Pisa. Retrieved January 27,2016, from http://ict-pristine.eu/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/IF2015-SDN-NFV-RINA-04_RINA-essentials.pdf

Grasa, E., Trouva, E., Phelan, P., de Leon, M. P., Day, J.,Matta, I., . . . Bunch, S. (2011). Design principles of therecursive internetwork architecture (RINA). RetrievedJanuary 29, 2016, from http://www.future-internet.eu/fileadmin/documents/fiarch23may2011/06-Grasa_DesignPrinciplesOTheRecursiveInterNetworkArchitecture.pdf

RINA Jeroen van Leur, Jeroen Klomp 20/20

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References

References

Veselý, V., Marek, M., Hykel, T., & Ryšavý, O. (2015). Rinasim:your recursive internetwork architecture simulator.September 3, 2015 (7). Omnet++ community summit2015. Zurich. Retrieved January 6, 2016, fromhttps://summit.omnetpp.org/archive/2015/#keynotes

RINA Jeroen van Leur, Jeroen Klomp 20/20