Regulation and Industry Agreements Dr Jaakko Saijonmaa Nokia 20.10.2004 IPR Standard Licence Spectrum Approvals IOP

Regulation and Industry Agreements

Dr Jaakko Saijonmaa

Nokia

20.10.2004

IPRIPR

StandardStandard

LicenceLicence SpectrumSpectrum ApprovalsApprovals

IOPIOP

Agenda

1. Regulation vs agreements

2. Standards

3. Licensing

4. Radio spectrum

5. Acceptance

6. Intellectual property

7. Interoperability certification

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What do I need to know about regulation, laws and agreements to put system on air – or to make a product for

sale?

1. Regulation v.s. agreements?

IPR/PatentsIPR/Patents

StandardStandard

Operating licence

Operating licence

Spectrum licence

Spectrum licence

Type approvals

Type approvals

InteroperabilityInteroperability

INDUSTRY

AGREEMENTS

LAW

REGULATION – DONE BY ADMINISTRATION

Global view to regulation & standardsNORTH AMERICA

• Standards: TIA, T1, ANSI

• Regulation: FCC, NTIA

• Regulation separated form operation

EUROPE

• Standards: ETSI

• Regulation: ECC & national administrations

• Regulation separated form operation

ASIA-PACIFIC

• Standards: by nation: MII, ARIB, TTA

• Regulation: national administrations

• Regulation not always separated

SDO = Standards Developing Organisation

2. Standards

voluntary arrangements tocreate wider marketplace

managed by recognised Standards Developing

Organisations

referenced by legislation and regulation

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Characteristics of a strong standard TETRA• level playing field yes• IPR settled yes• wide support & supply yes• independent suppliers yes• genuine competition yes• conformance verification yes

Characteristics of a strong standard TETRA• level playing field yes• IPR settled yes• wide support & supply yes• independent suppliers yes• genuine competition yes• conformance verification yes

Open standards - checklist

To industry: Wider market

access & longer lifetime

To industry: Wider market

access & longer lifetime

Download from www.etsi.org

To users: Competition + protection against market disturbances

To users: Competition + protection against market disturbances

What do you mean by regulation?

All these elements implemented in each country, details (and efficiency) may vary.

Licencing andcompetition

policy

Licencing andcompetition

policy

Spectrummanagement and licencing

Spectrummanagement and licencing

Approvalsand marketsurveillance

Approvalsand marketsurveillance

REGULATION – DONE BY ADMINISTRATION

3. Licensing – national issue

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• Operating licence only for commercial systems

• Spectrum licence always needed

• Spectrum is rare and thus valuable – licence costs

• Licencing practices:First come first served

Beauty parade

Auction

ERC Report 105, Review of PMR fees, Feb 2001: “…auctions are not a suitable instrument for the issuing of PMR licences … first come first served is the most suitable in the case of PMR.”

Example PMR licence fees

22732

47542

54576

21206

665 769 19643643 3678

5000 5079 5116 6513 7309

13080

20539

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

Bulg

aria

Denm

ark

Cze

ch R

ep

Ge

rmany

Hungary

UK

Irela

nd

Norw

ay

Fin

land

Neth

erlands

Aust

ria

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Sw

itzerland

Belg

ium

22732

47542

54576

21206

665 769 19643643 3678

5000 5079 5116 6513 7309

13080

20539

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

Bulg

aria

Denm

ark

Cze

ch R

ep

Ge

rmany

Hungary

UK

Irela

nd

Norw

ay

Fin

land

Neth

erlands

Aust

ria

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Sw

itzerland

Belg

ium

“A trunked PMR system of 3 base stations and 400 mobiles using 3 exclusive PMR channels over an operation area of approx.10 km”

Annual fee in Euros; ERC Report 105, Feb 2001

ECCElectronic Communications Committee

CE

PT

4. Radio spectrum - Europe

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• ECC – Electronic Communications Committee (– earlier ERC)

• CEPT Working Groups Frequency Management (FM) & Spectrum Engineering (SE)

• Project Teams – FM38 PT for PMR spectrum strategy

ECC Decisions• For TETRA Rel 1 the work is done• see www.ero.dk + national

administration pages• next time this engine needed for

TETRA Rel 2 TEDS spectrum

European TETRA spectrumIn practice European Public Safety TETRA systems are

at 380 to 400 MHz, others at 410 to 430 MHz

380 400 410 430 450 470 870 876 915 921390

ERC Decision (96)01 – for Emergency Services – based on agreement with NATO – implemented by 28 administrations

ERC Decision (96)04 – for ”Civil TETRA” – implemented by 29 administrations

ECC Decision (02)03 –”Narrowband Digital PMR Decision” - implemented by 12 administrations

The 800 MHz band is the most common allocation for 25 kHz PMR channels such as TETRA outside Europe =

TETRA spectrum outside EU

821 866806 851380 400 430410308 344300 336

= Available in a few countries, has to be checked by country

= In Russia

+ some country specific 350, 450 MHz etc allocations

5. Acceptance

• EU moved from Type Approvals to Conformance Declaration and Market Surveillance along with R&TTE Directive 1999/5/EC

• Self-declaration: Declaration of Conformity (DoC)- to Harmonised Standards or - Technical Construction File (TCF) plus

opinion of Notified Body

• Notification to regulator + CE marking• Market Surveillance ECC Report

15/Sep 2002

Type Approvals Declaration of Conformance

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restriction

Harmonised standards to be met

1. Efficient usage of spectrum (technical compliance):• EN 303 035-1 Harmonised EN for TETRA equipment covering … V+D

• EN 303 035-2 Harmonised EN for TETRA equipment covering … DMO

2. Electromagnetic compatibility:• EN 301 489-01 EMC standard for radio equipment and services, part 1:

Common technical requirements

• EN 301 489-18 EMC standard for radio equipment and services, part 18: Specific requirements for TETRA

3. Electromagnetic safety, e.g. (handsets):• EN 50360 Product standard … exposure to electromagnetic fields

• EN 50361 Basic standard for the measurement of Specific Absorption Rate …

380 400410 430450 470 870876 915921390

Harmonised TETRA standards:

6. Intellectual property (IPR)

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• defined in legislation to protect and encourage investment to innovations

• supported by international agreements

• traded on commercial basis

• Patents, trade marks, copyrights, …• Patents protect and encourage

investment to innovation • Regulated by law• Patents & standards: Essential IPR

concept• Licencing has to be in line with ETSI IPR

Policy & international competition laws• FRAND: Declaration to licence on Fair,

Reasonable And Non-Discriminatory terms

• See ETSI website & TETRA MoU website (paper to explain IPR) for more info

Intellectual property

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7. Interoperability certification

voluntary industry arrangement

to verify multi-vendor performance,

administered by the TETRA MoU Association

and supervised by authorised test

house ISCTI

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“To enable customers to purchase from open and competitive TETRA market to meet customer requirements”

TETRA IOP work flow

MoU

Operator/User AssociationTechnical Forum

Members’ Enquiry

MoU

Certification Body ISCTI *

ACCEPTED into OPERATION

STANDARDS

TIP SPECS

CERTIFICATE

TMO AI groupDMO AI group

ISI group PEI group

approx 12suppliers

*) Instituto Superiore delle Comunicazioni e tecnologie dell'Informazione, RomeTEST PLANS

IOP – achievements/V+D AIV+D Functionality (TTR 001) TIP Test plan Tested

Part 1: Version 4 core Ready Ready Yes

Part 2: SDS Ready Ready Yes

Part 3: DGNA Ready Ready Yes

Part 4: Authentication Ready Ready Yes

Part 5: Packet data Ready Ready Yes

Part 6: AI migration ph 2 Ready pre-ME

Part 7: FSSN Ready Ready Yes

Part 8: RF loop-back Ready

Part 9: Ambience listening Ready Ready Yes

Part 10: E2E Encryption & CVO Ready Ready Yes

Part 11: AI Encryption Ready Ready Yes

Part 12: Service interaction Agreed pre-ME

Part 13: Enable/Disable Ready

Part 15: Call Author by Dispatch… Ready

Part 16: Air-to-ground Ready

Part 17: Radio User Assignment Ready

MS-PD, AKD/TKD, post-ME

Tested products:• Cleartone• DeTeWe/FWK• Frequentis• IFR (tester) • Marconi/OTE• Motorola• Niros• Nokia• Rohde & Schwarz• Rohill• Simoco/Sepura• Teltronic• Thales

Certificates at www.tetramou.com

Tested products:• Cleartone• DeTeWe/FWK• Frequentis• IFR (tester) • Marconi/OTE• Motorola• Niros• Nokia• Rohde & Schwarz• Rohill• Simoco/Sepura• Teltronic• Thales


Status as per20.10.2004

Status as per20.10.2004

IOP – achievements/DMO & ISIDMO Functionality (TTR 002) TIP Test plan Tested

Part 1: Version 2 core Ready Ready Yes

Part 2: DMO Gateway Ready

Part 3: Type 1 DMO Repeater Ready

Part 4: DMO end-to-end encr Ready

ISI Functionality (TTR 003) TIP Test plan Tested

Part 1: Mobility mgmt + authent Ready

Part 2: Individual call Ready Draft

Part 3: Short Data Service Ready

Part 4: Lower layers Ready

Part 5-1: Circuit mode voice xfer Ready

Part 5-2: Packet mode voice xfer Ready

Part 6: Group call Ready

Tested DMO products:

• Cleartone

• Marconi/OTE

• Motorola

• Nokia

• Simoco/Sepura


Tested DMO products:

• Cleartone

• Marconi/OTE

• Motorola

• Nokia

• Simoco/Sepura


How do you ensure that ...

• Permission to switch on: CE mark• Health & safety: SAR conformance

report (part of CE process)• Interoperability: IOP certificateThese tell that it meets the baseline ...... but the multi-vendor market lets you

choose the product and supplier based on your own evaluation of:

• product, features, design, technology ...• company, field support, resources ...• price, warranty, payment terms, ...• salesperson’s friendly smile ...

... you get what you wanted

Summary• To have a wide and open market one needs

- a strong standard- market-oriented regulatory regime- voluntary industry arrangements

• It may mean some extra work, but it gives benefits to all parties

• With TETRA is has happened already

At open market the user can choose

Documents

Regulation and Industry Agreements Dr Jaakko Saijonmaa Nokia 20.10.2004 IPR Standard Licence Spectrum Approvals IOP