Respiratory System

What is respiration?

1. Gas Exchange1. O2 + CO2 + H2O

2. Cellular respiration1. Mitochondria use oxygen to produce energy

(ATP) in aerobic organisms

2. Carbon dioxide is a side productFormula: C6H12O6+ O2 + H2O CO2 + H2O + ATP

The Human Respiratory System

Nasal Passage

• Hairs filter out pathogens and particles

• Warms air

• Humidifies air

Pharynx

• Allows air to move from the nasal cavity to the trachea

Epiglottis

• Prevents food from entering the windpipe (choking)

Larynx

• Protects the trachea (windpipe)

• Houses vocal cords

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wjRsa77u6OU&feature=channel

Trachea

• Windpipe- movement of air to the bronchi in the lungs

• Mucous lining & cilia in trachea remove more particles from air– These particles are either swallowed or

become phlegm

Bronchi and Bronchioles

• Moves air in lung toward the alveoli

Alveoli•End of line in the respiratory passageway•Alveoli increase surface area where gases are absorbed in the lungs•Gas exchange (carbon dioxide and oxygen) occurs in the alveoli capillaries•Very little oxygen in incoming blood, heavily oxygenated outgoing blood

Diaphragm

• Muscle located below the lungs

• Increases and decreases chest cavity volume

How do we breathe?

What controls how fast we breathe?

• Medulla oblongata

What happens when I hold my breath?

• No gas exchange in the capillaries surrounding alveoli

• Carbon dioxide buildup in the body

Respiratory Malfunctions

Causes Symptoms Treatment

Bronchitus Inflammation of main air passages of lungs

Cough, wheezing, shortness of breath

Antibiotics, decongestants

Emphysema Breakdown of alveoli in lungs

Cough with mucus, shortness of breath, fatigue

No cure

Asthma Bronchiole spasm

Wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath

Inhaler