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Revelation of 5.12 Quake, Sichuan, China Part 4b Short-term response after the quake. Supercourse China 超级课程 · 中国 http://www.SuperCourse.cn/ 2008-6-6. The work we did after the Wenchuan earthquake. Disease control of CDC. Interview with Zijian Feng, director of Emergency Office of China CDC. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Revelation of 5.12 Quake, Sichuan, China
Part 4b Short-term response after the quake
Supercourse China 超级课程 ·中国
http://www.SuperCourse.cn/
2008-6-6
The work we did after the Wenchuan earthquake
Disease control of CDC
• The methods of diseases monitoring can be divided into active ones and passive ones which means obtaining the reported data. And active monitoring is practised by the department in charge of diseases monitoring to send groups to the disaster area for random sampling survey.
• Active monitoring had been started, combined with the passive monitoring and relative staffs had been sent to the area by CDC.
Interview with Zijian Feng, director of Emergency Office of China CDC
The epidemic prevention arrangement of the Ministry of
Health• Three insurances -To ensure that there are enough and professional staff in the
disaster area -To ensure the supply of the sanitary articles used for epidemic
prevention -To ensure the effective organization of the prevention tasks.• Four key aspects -Key population means the people in the settlements -Key area means the relics having not been cleaned properly -Key diseases mean the ones had broken in that area and to
which both the epidemic monitoring and enhancement of prevention measurements are necessary.
-Key points mean: the attention of water-drinking, food safety, epidemic monitoring and management of bodies
Ministry of Health
The epidemic prevention arrangement of the Ministry of
Health• Disinfection and disinsection -The area of the covered region were
1384,000,000m2(untill June 1st) -Medicines for disinfection and disinsection of 1,898 ton
had been sent to the disaster area -The community management which involves the setting
up of water supply apparatus, medical tents, epidemic prevention groups, waste treatment facilitates and public toilets should be carried out in the settlements for the victims to ensure the basic life and sanitation of the people there.
Ministry of Health
The epidemic prevention arrangement of the Ministry of Health
• Report of epidemic situation
-Every monitoring station should report the condition everyday and a zero report is required if there was no epidemic cases
-Using the appropriative cell phone in the case that the existed report network had been destroyed in some area.
Ministry of Health
The epidemic prevention arrangement of the Ministry of Health
• Vaccination-Both fixed-point vaccination and itinerant vaccination are
performed to achieve the goal of vaccination of hepatitis A vaccine and je vaccine to the sensitive people by June 15th
-Sichuan province has started since June 1st the vaccination of hepatitis A and je vaccine for the children. Vaccines against 7 diseases, namely DPT, typhoid fever, hemorrhagic fever , coupler body, anthrax , measles-mumps and rabies, had been stored. So emergent vaccination can be offered in case any epidemic case is discovered.
Ministry of Health
The epidemic prevention arrangement of the Ministry of Health
• Treatment of bodies
The programs of the harmless disposal of reliquiae of victims and animal bodies
-Cremation is the first choice if conditions permit
-Bury the bodies right there if the transportation is severely blocked
The place for burying must be far from water source and relatively higher to avoid contamination of water and external environment
Ministry of Health
The epidemic prevention arrangement of the Ministry of
Health• The program of the monitoring of vector biology
1 The target
2 The extension and frequency
3 The organization and divisions
4 The monitoring methods of the density of mosquito, fly and mouse
5 The questionnaire of the density of mosquito, fly and mouse
6 The reference index of disinsection and deratization
7 The evaluation of disinsection and deratization
Ministry of Health
The epidemic prevention arrangement of the Ministry of Health
• Something we should pay attention to during epidemic prevention
-Disaster area ≠ epidemic area
All the vehicles are disinfected in some places. However, this is unnecessary and abuse of disinfectors may negatively affect external environment
-We should resume the normal function of medical and sanitation institutions in the disaster area
Now we are helping Sichuan to find a proper reconstruction program of the medical and sanitation institutions there
Ministry of Health
4.6 Victims settlement
Population movement after the earthquake
Zones
Earthquake-stricken area
4
Population Movement
Major concern and barrier for effective services delivery in Bam
1) Invasion of poor people from neighboring
areas to Bam
110,000
Population
before the
earthquake
40,000
Number of
death
90,000
Population at
the 1.5
months after the
earthquake
- = (?)
5
The most important reasons:
Poor environmental health condition of previous living
zone (85%)
Lack of accessibility to latrines (73%)
Recurrent referral of health personnel for census
(54%)
Being interested in being in front of their own
damaged house (49%)
Lack of sufficient environmental space for living (26%)
Population Movement
2) Changing living places inside the bam
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Water forsanitaryusage
Bath room Latrine Detergents
1th day
2nd day
3-5 days
> 5 days
7
Cumulative percent of the first time health services delivery to the earthquake-stricken households in Bam
till 20th days of post-disaster period
The overall satisfaction of the earthquake-stricken people from health services delivery
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
Water forsanitaryusage
Bath room Latrine Detergents
High Moderate Low 8
The needs (expressed demands) of Bam earthquake-stricken households on 19th and
20th days of post-disaster periodBath room
74 %Food 69 %
Clothes 68 %
Heaters 62 %
Security 60 %
Latrine 49 %
Money 47 %
Others
9
29%26% 25%
23%20%
14%12%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
11
The needs (expressed demands) of Bam earthquake-stricken householdson19th and 20th days of post-disaster period
22%
15%
12%
9%
7%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25% Transportation
Unavailability of required servicesUnfamiliarity with health and medical centersDissatisfied from
previous servicesInappropriate
time
12
Main barriers in health services delivery in Bam earthquake-stricken households,
during first 20 days of post-disaster period
The sanitation guidebook for the settlements in the natural disaster area
• On water, disinfection is needed to ensure the water safety
• On excrement, isolation is required• On solid waste
What should be done and what should be avoided, please see the following page:
http://www.paho.org/english/dd/ped/te_albe.htm
• > 3.3 million tents
• Garbage Treatment Facilities & Sewage Treatment Facilities
• Chemical proof protective clothing, Shoes and masks
• Radiation detector (X ray and Y ray survey meter, Personal
dosimeter)
• Medical Instruments like ECG, Operational Kits, etc
• Medication for infectious disease
Urgent Needs
Source: UNOCHA situation report NO 6, 7 & 8
Some points about accommodation status of population
Determinants of aggregation places
Distances of tents
Risk of injuries
Cultural values
13
Social problems of earthquake-stricken households
in Bam till 20th days of post-disaster period
67%
56%
3%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Steeling Violance Sexual violance
Violence: Physical or psychological aggression 14
67%
14%9%
4%0.50%
6.00%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
15
4.7 Post-disaster psychological assistance
Psychological Problems in Bam earthquake
A major consequence of disaster:
40% PTSD
Comprehensive Mental Health program by
Office of MH at MOH
MH and Social Working interventions
by State Welfare Organization
18
Mental health interventions in Bam
Office of Mental Health at Iranian MOH has
valuable experiences on MH interventions
in disaster situations, based on previous
earthquakes in Iran.
They are covering all population in Bam
by holding “Relief groups” to deal with
PTSD, Depression and Suicide.19
16
80 % of relief workers in Bam
expressed their need to
psychological consultations.
儿童心理干预
China CDC
China CDC
Supercourse China has already made more just-in-time PPT about the Sichuan Earthquake, which concerned with self-rescue and mutual-help in the earthquake, public health problems, as well as the first and secondary rescue( including psychological reconstruction ) after the disaster ect. Please visit: http://www.supercourse.cn/