REVISION CHECKLIST Chapter 3 Effects of exercise – Responses and Adaptations of the body systems

1) Know the difference between a response and an adaptation

2) Know the main role of the systems covered

3) Know the basic anatomical components of the systems and also their physiology in relation to exercise

4) Know how the systems respond to exercise and how to control the exercise to control the responses

5) Know what would make the systems perform better and how to create the adaptations necessary

6) Know that the cardiovascular system consists of the heart, blood vessels and blood

7) Know the unique structure of the heart enables it to act as a dual action pump

8) Know that there are four stages to the cardiac cycle: atrial diastole where the atria (top chambers) fill with blood ventricular diastole where the ventricles (bottom chambers) fill with blood atrial systole when the atria contract forcing all remaining blood into the ventricles ventricular systole which forces blood out of the heart and into the circulatory system

9) Know that there are two circulatory networks: the systemic network (where blood is directed to the muscles and tissues of the body) and the pulmonary network (where blood is directed from the heart to the lungs and back to heart again)

10) Know the respiratory or lung volumes to include tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume and residual volume. Respiratory capacities include inspiratory capacity, functional residual capacity, vital capacity and total lung capacity

11) Know that there are two sites for gaseous exchange in the body: at the alveolus at the muscle cell

12)Know that Partial pressure is the pressure exerted by an individual gas when it occurs in a mixture of gases

13) Understand that training can improve lung function due to small increases in lung volumes and capacities improved transport of respiratory gases the more efficient gaseous exchange at the alveoli and tissues improved uptake of oxygen