LOCATIONS AND GENRAL

FEATUIRES OF THE HEART

By: Emily, Arooj, Jenny

Right AtriumLeft AtriumRight VentricleLeft Ventricle

Four chambers

Right Atrium

Receives blood from the systemic circuit

• Collects blood from the pulmonary circuit

Left Atrium

Right Ventricle Discharges blood into the pulmonary circuit

Left ventricle

Ejects it into the systemic circuit

Layers of <3 walls

The wall of the heart contains three layers: - Epicardium (visceral pericardium)

- Myocardium- Endocardium

Epicardium (visceral pericardium)

Covers the outer surface of the heart

It membrane consists of an exposed epithelium and an underlying layer of loose connective tissue that is attached to the myocardium.

Myocardium

Muscular of wall of the heart contains cardiac muscle tissue, blood vessels and nerves

The muscle tissue of the myocardium forms concentric layers that wrap around the atria and spiral onto the walls of the ventricles. It squeezing and twisting contractions that increase the pumping of the heart.

Endocardium The heart’s inner surface, including the

heart valves are covered endacarduim a simple squamous epithelium that is continuous with endothelium (epithelial lining) of the attached blood vessels.

Arteries Coronary arteries

purpose Coronary vein

purpose Blockage Coronary sinus

Tissue and Cell of the heart Cardiac Muscle Cell

Contraction Intercalated discs specialized site where

membrane of adjacent cells are held together by demuse and linked by gap junction (provide movement of ions and small molecules, enabling action potentials to travel rapidly from cell to cell

Connective Tissue Collagen and fiber Purposes of fiber

Fibrous Skeleton of the Heart Blood Vessel Connective Tissue Purpose: stabilizes the position and the

heart valves and physically isolates the atrial muscle from ventricular muscle tissue (important b/c it shows the timing of ventricular contraction is relative to atrial contraction can be controlled)”

Ventricles Purpose Difference between left and right

ventricles

Valves of the Heart

4 Valves

Right Atrioventricular ValvePulmonary Semilunar ValveLeft Atrioventricular ValveAortic Semilunar Valve

Anatomy of a Valve

2-3 cusps – flaps Cusps are braced by chordae tendineae

Connective tissue fibers meaning “tendinous cords”

Fibers connected to papillary muscles Cone shaped projections on the inner

surface of the ventricle Contraction tenses the chordae tendineae Limit movement of cusps Prevent blood from moving backwards

Atrioventricular (AV) Valve From atrium to ventricle Right Atrioventricular Valve

Tricuspid valve 3 cusps

Left Atrioventricular Valve Bicuspid valve Mitral valve 2 cusps Shaped like a bishop’s hat

Semilunar Valves Shaped like a crescent moon Pulmonary (semilunar) valve

Guards entrance to the pulmonary trunk

Start of pulmonary circuit Aortic (semilunar) valve

Guards entrance to the aorta Start of the systemic circuit

Bibliography http://www.cfkeep.org/html/stitch.php?s

=72836608880047&id=50483372109461

http://www.lookfordiagnosis.com/mesh_info.php?term=Papillary+Muscles&lang=1

Medical science book http://withealth.net/tricuspid-valve-anat

omy http://www.teachervision.fen.com/

circulatory-system/printable/57731.html

http://www.google.com/imgres?q=Right+Atrium&um=1&hl=en&sa=N&biw=1600&bih=817&tbm=isch&tbnid=VT7KLMs-UlcHeM:&imgrefurl=http://www.washingtonhra.com/39.html&docid=zbqQHj02-qGbMM&imgurl=http://www.washingtonhra.com/resources/Atrial%252Bflutter%252Banimation.gif&w=475&h=480&ei=id2ET9KIBOOQ2QXW_IjoCA&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=557&vpy=169&dur=1345&hovh=226&hovw=223&tx=125&ty=93&sig=115684235108401619802&page=1&tbnh=137&tbnw=136&start=0&ndsp=33&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:0,i:87

http://www.bami.us/CardiacAnatomy.html

http://www.google.com/imgres?q=right+ventricle&um=1&hl=en&biw=1600&bih=817&tbm=isch&tbnid=FyArD8vRLRrb5M:&imgrefurl=http://www.bami.us/CardiacAnatomy.html&docid=ySx89kIwh8RxLM&imgurl=http://www.bami.us/Images/HealthyLiving/HeartPulmABlood%252520.jpg&w=288&h=276&ei=Vt6ET6OMKOih2QXLstiACQ&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=173&sig=115684235108401619802&page=1&tbnh=133&tbnw=139&start=0&ndsp=34&ved=1t:429,r:4,s:0,i:89&tx=60&ty=68

http://www.google.com/imgres?q=left+ventricle&um=1&hl=en&biw=1600&bih=817&tbm=isch&tbnid=f83E3egKdvwk5M:&imgrefurl=http://www.bami.us/CardiacAnatomy.html&docid=ySx89kIwh8RxLM&imgurl=http://www.bami.us/Images/HealthyLiving/HeartLeftVentricleBlood.jpg&w=288&h=276&ei=qN6ET-3SLOWg2AW7_5HyCA&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=523&vpy=171&dur=696&hovh=220&hovw=229&tx=124&ty=129&sig=115684235108401619802&page=1&tbnh=135&tbnw=141&start=0&ndsp=33&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:0,i:98

http://www.google.com/imgres?q=Epicardium+(visceral+pericardium)&um=1&hl=en&safe=active&sa=N&biw=1024&bih=600&tbm=isch&tbnid=yfNGJoDTKRwnGM:&imgrefurl=http://drsvenkatesan.wordpress.com/2008/09/28/what-is-the-mechanism-of-pericardial-rub/&docid=bDaBaz6zoWFzjM&imgurl=http://drsvenkatesan.files.wordpress.com/2008/09/pericardial-effusion-rub-plural-pleuro-pericadial.png%253Fw%253D500%2526h%253D362&w=500&h=362&ei=k5iFT-7SJYiS9gTPxrzUCA&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=480&vpy=146&dur=1343&hovh=191&hovw=264&tx=126&ty=86&sig=100500232832776040468&page=1&tbnh=128&tbnw=177&start=0&ndsp=16&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:0,i:73

http://www.google.com/imgres?q=Myocardium&um=1&hl=en&safe=active&biw=1024&bih=600&tbm=isch&tbnid=k42EQuYX27srYM:&imgrefurl=http://www.texasheartinstitute.org/hic/topics/cond/myocard.cfm&docid=9Knb9w2QFYs2RM&imgurl=http://www.texasheartinstitute.org/HIC/Topics/images/myocard.jpg&w=340&h=355&ei=45iFT7yfJYWw8ASTyZiWCA&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=235&sig=100500232832776040468&page=1&tbnh=123&tbnw=118&start=0&ndsp=16&ved=1t:429,r:17,s:0,i:69&tx=33&ty=43

THE END