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Roman Republic/Empire. Rome. Holy land of the Ancient Hebrew. Where it all began. Advantage’s of Rome’s location?. Peninsula Midpoint of Mediterranean Sea Vast rich farmland. This is the direct opposite of Greece. Rome began as a city state with a monarch. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Roman Republic/Empire
Advantage’s of Rome’s location?
• Peninsula
• Midpoint of Mediterranean Sea
• Vast rich farmland
In 509 B.C., Romansoverthrew the Etruscan king (tyrant)
Rome began as acity state with a monarch.
part of the official title of a king
Republic
System of Government where the people have the power to work and chooseleaders
All ___________ have the right to vote
2 executiveconsuls
Poor/Slaves/Newcomers Patrons
Status and influence
Land-owningAristocracy
Real powerReal power of important
decisions
ClientsStrikes &Refusals
To do duty
Tribune of the people
Peoples
CitizenFarmers/traders
Hold publicOffice for
Marry patricians
Veto Lawsmade bysenate
12 StoneTablets in
forum
What is the Significance of the Twelve Tables?
• The Foundation of Roman Law
• Settled dispute between Patricians and Plebeians
• The Earliest Surviving piece of Literature coming from the Romans.
• Held the Society together
Punic WarsPunic Wars
Punic WarsPunic Wars
• 1st War: Rome wins and gains Sicily
• 2nd War: Hanibal crosses the Alps and invades Italy. He does much damage but is unable to take Rome
• 3rd War: Roman Politicians convince the Roman military to attack Carthage.
- Carthage is destroyed- The people are killed or sold into slavery-- Romans pour salt on the fields to make them barren
Republic Collapses
• Rome’s victory in Carthage brought conflict between the rich and poor in Rome
(Civil War)• Triumvirate (three leaders) formed.• Civil War between three leaders• Generals are popular with discontented
(unhappy) citizens • Julius Caesar made reforms and
increased his popularity
Republic Collapses
• Julius Caesar wins civil war and becomes absolute ruler
• Members fear that he is becoming to powerful, kill him
• Augustus, Caesar’s nephew take over power
Octavian Augustus
Pax Romana - Roman Peace
MajorBeliefs
ImportantPeople
Goals
Laws/Codes
Text/Books
Impact
ChristianityChristianity
- Bible- Old Testament- New Testament
- Golden Rule- Morality (right & wrong)
- 10 Commandments- Dietary Laws (fasting,
no meat on Friday)
- Roman Emperor Constantine converts
- Eventually all Roman citizens become Christians
- Jesus = Savior/Messiah- Baptism
- Monotheistic- Resurrection
- Holly Trinity (Father, son,holy spirit)
- Heaven- Spiritual Morality
- Jesus-12 Apostles/
Disciples-Priests/Bishops/Pope
- Peter, Paul- Constantine
•Period of peace(Golden Age)
•Architecture - dome style•Engineering roads
& bridges•Language – Latin
•Christianity emerged
Downfall of theEmpire:
Decline of Rome
•Employment, good ruler, civil to his people
•Named his successor
•Octavian Augustus •Absolute Ruler
•Autocracy – 1 person rule
Roman EmpirePax Romana
27 BC – 476 AD
•Are selfish & lazy•Low morals
•Patriotism is down
•Heavy taxes•high unemployment
gap between rich and poor
•Mercenaries- Army full of hired soldiers
with divided loyalties•Invasions
•Oppressive gov’t loss or pop support
•No way to choose next emperor•Strongest general became emperor
•Gladiators
Downfall of theEmpire:
Decline of Rome