Russian Soot Measurement Methodologies

Alexander RomanovScientific Research Institute for atmospheric

air protectionSt.Petersburg, Russian Federation

WORKSHOP IMPROVING BLACK CARBON EMISSION ESTIMATES & ABATEMENT

13th-14th May 2015Milan, Italy

Soot measurement method for stationary sources

State standard GOST 50820-95 Flue gas and dust emissions control equipment. Method for quantification of dust content in flue gas flow.

Method includes the following steps:• Sampling of soot from flue gas flow in the duct before/after

pollution control device;• Measuring of flue gas flow parameters;• Weighting of collected particles;• *Chemical analysis of sampled particles (soot)

*if required, follow up step outside of the sited standard

Sampling: standard scheme

1 – sampler with glass fiber/filter, 2 – flowmeter, 3 – thermometer, 4 – sampler holder, 5 – pressure tube, 6 – air inflow, 7 – condensed water dump, 8 – micromonometer

Duct

Sampling parameters

• Sampling takes place in the straight section of the duct (optimal length – 5 diameters), otherwise number of sampling points increases

• Minimize intake of outside air/minimize leakage• Sampling time – 20 minutes• Depending on the duct and soot concentrations in the flow,

number of measurements ~10-30 per sampling point/regime• Sampler with glass fiber/filter material must have constant

mass• Depending on soot concentrations/flue gas parameters

different samplers are to be used

Sampling parameters: tubesDust concentration < 300 g/m3

Dust concentration < 10 g/m3

Dust concentration < 100 g/m3

Flue gas flow parameters: standards

• Temperature• Pressure• Velocity• Humidity

State standard GOST 17.2.4.06-90 Nature Protection. Atmosphere. Method for quantification of velocity of flue gas released from polluting stationary sources.

State standard GOST 17.2.4.07-90 Nature Protection. Atmosphere. Method for quantification of pressure and temperature of flue gas released from polluting stationary sources.

State standard GOST 17.2.4.08-90 Nature Protection. Atmosphere. Method for quantification of humidity of flue gas released from polluting stationary sources.

Approach to measure soot from fugitive sources

• Relevant for sources firing associated gas (flares)/particular fractions of natural gas not utilized otherwise

• Is not standardized in Russia, yet applied for general evaluation of potential emissions from flaring

• Also applied for evaluation of particulate matter emissions

Approach to measure soot from fugitive sources

Method includes:• Emission rate and dispersion are calculated based on

technical parameters of the source (flow rates, stack height, meteorology etc.)

• Measurements of soot/particulate matter concentrations in ambient air/amount of particulates deposited in the area around the source (based on the developed measurements programme)

• Tentative emission factors are updated based on measurement outcomes

Approach to measure soot from fugitive sources

Measurements programme include:• Measurement of soot/PM concentrations at 1,5-2

meter height at 20-100-500-1000 meter distance from the source following wind direction

• Series of measurements should take place at least 1 time during each season of the year (winter, spring, summer, autumn) – 4 series altogether at a minimum

• Each series should take no less then 14 days, include 10 samplings with ~50 samples taken in each point

10

Approach to measure soot from fugitive sources

Concentration

No of measurements

10099

98% (См, as calculated )

98% (gm as measured)

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