Sanskrit Majusha Vyakaran Part 0

8/11/2019 Sanskrit Majusha Vyakaran Part 0

1/71

fl

S-(fl)

v~z

Sfl 00(An ISO 9001:2008 Company)

-vvw


2/71

Sfl 00~, , , -vvwS |{x yxzz{{ (v ), wxw}vww yxzz{{}}- [email protected] www.saraswatihouse.com- 0 z|zwwv

v. y},V , , M-z{v} (}) w{{v~}}, w{{|w}vx w{{v~}}

w. 000 xv, xv- , -v{x (v|w) w{wy}}w 5086882

x. v/xy, S , 0 , -{v| (yy) wyxyx|y, wyxy{zxv, wyxxxz} wyxxxz}

y. fl , } fl , fl , -xwv~ ~{|w~}|w}w

z. x~/|yv, , , , -{}wvv (y}y) x~wzw}}, x{wz|{

{. v{, , , -ww{v (zww) y{wzv|

|. v, flS h, fl-, flS fl, 00 , , (S ), -y~x (ww) w}xyxww

}. y, , flfl , 00 , -}vx ({vw) wz|yx

fl S

fl , , -vvzx


3/71

(iii)

S- fl M Irkfl Irk , fl , fl -S M

S flS fl fl ? flSfl

fl fl fl fl m Sc , fl fl S - fl fl

- , Sfl flfl - fl- - Sc

S- M M S ,

S , fl M S , S , fl fl - - h- S

S S- , S- fl


4/71

v. / ..................................................... z

w. / ................................................ }

x. / .............................................. vw

y. ....................................................................... v 6

z. fl ....................................................................... v 8

v-z fl ........................................................... 2v

{. ........................................................................ w3|. S ............................................................... 26

}. S ........................................................... 29

~. ..............................................................33

{-~ fl ........................................................... x6

v. ........................................................... x8

vv. ............................................................. 42

vw. S ................................................................... y5

v-vw fl ....................................................... y8

vx. fll .......................................................... 50

vy. l....................................................................... 53

vz. fl- ................................................................. z7

vx-vz fl ....................................................... 59

v{. .........................................................................61

v|. ............................................................................64

v}. ........................................................................... {7 v{-v} fl ....................................................... 70

fl-

(iv)


5/71

5S- (fl)

,"k% ckyd%@,"kk ckfydk1

*laLo`Qr&okD; esafozQ;kin ^gS* dk i;kZ; cgq/k yqIr jgrk gSA vknj n'kkZusgsrqfgUnh&okD; esacgqopu dk fozQ;kinA

fganh vuqokn (;g ckyd@;g ckfydk)

;g ckyd gSA ;g ckfydk gSA ;g Nk=k@fo|kFkhZ gSA;g fo|ky; gSA ;g Nk=kk@fo|kfFkZ uh gSA ;g v;kfidk gSA;g v;kid gSaA ;g dye gSA ;g isafly&ckWDl gSA;g iz;ksx'kkyk gSA ;g firk th gSa A ;g ek gSaA;g MkWDVj gSA ;g ekyh gSA ;g dyh gSA ;g isM+gSA ;g csy gSA

mkjkf.k

ikB dk okpu ;kuiwoZd djsaA 'kh"kZd ij fo'ks"k ;ku nsaA ikB esavk,Hkk"kk&ro blesafufgr gSaA

ekSf[kde~

Li"V mPpkj.k djsaA ;ku nsa^,"k%* vkfn iqfYayx 'kCnksa esafolxZyxk gS]fdUrq ^,"kk* vkfn vkdkjkUr 'kCn L=khfya x gSaA buesa folxZughayxk gSA

fyf[kre~

1- etw"kk esafn, x, loZuke ^,"k%* (;g) ,"kk* (;g) nksuksadk,d gh vFkZgS] fdUrq^,"k%* iqYyx rFkk ^,"kk* L=khyx 'kCnksaosQlkFk yxrk gSAmnkgj.k ns[ksa^Nk=k%* 'kCn iqYyx gksusosQ dkj.k ^,"k%* vk;k gSA

mkj 1- ,"k% ^v;kid%* 'kCn iq YyxA2- ,"kk ^iz;ksx'kkyk* 'kCn L=khyxA3- ,"kk ^ckfydk* 'kCn L=khyxA4- ,"k% ^ekykdkj%* 'kCn iqYyxA5- ,"kk ^dfydk* 'kCn L=khyxA


6/71

6 S- (fl)

2- etw"kk esafn, x, 'kCnksadks isaA ;slHkh 'kCn fgUnh

Hkk"kk esa Hkh iz;qDr gksrs gSaA;gk oqQN 'kCn iqYyx vkSj oqQN L=khyx gSaA mfpr lwph esafy[krsle; orZuh dh vksj ;ku nsaA ns[ksavdkjkUr (ftudk vafre v{kj^v* gS) 'kCnksa esafolxZ yxk gS] fdUrq vkdkjkUr 'kCnksa esa ughayxkA mPpkj.k djsaA

mkj iqfYayx L=khfYakx(d) 1- f'k{kd% ([k) 1- f'kf{kdk

2- o{k% 2- yrk 3- oS|% 3- etw"kk

4- iqLrdky;% 4- ikB'kkyk 5- ikni% 5- 'kk[kk

3- [ksy&[ksy esaviuh d{kk osQ Nk=k&Nk=kkvksa osQ uke dk mPpkj.kdjsaA oqQN vdkjkUr vkSj oqQN vkdkjkUr uke fy[ksaA

mkj vdkjkUr&ukekfu (iqfYayx) vkdkjkUr&ukekfu (L=khfYakx)(d) 1- ih;w"k% ([k) 1- ve`rk

2- vfer% 2- izKk 3- jk?ko% 3- fnO;k vFkok bl izdkj dksbZvkSj ukeA

4- fp=kk sadksns[ksaA ckbvksj fn, x, laLoQr&okD; isaAfeyku djrsgq, mPpkj.k djsamPpkj.k Li"V gksA

mkj,"k% ckyd%A

,"kk Nk=kkA


7/71

7S- (fl)

,"kk efgykA

,"k% oS|%A

ikBlaxre~ijh{k.ke~1-ikB dk okpu djsaA 'kq o Li"V mPpkj.k lsHkk"kkcks/ ljy gksxkA2-Nk=k ,d&nwljsdk ifjp; nsa_ ;Fkkckyd dh vksj laosQr ckfydk dh vksj laosQr1- ,"k% rjQ.k%A 1- ,"kk nhfidkA2- ,"k% vfuy%A 2- ,"kk jkf/dkA3- ,"k% iz.ko%A 3- ,"kk vuU;kA4- ,"k% rUe;%A 4- ,"kk izKkA5- ,"k% bZ'kku%A 5- ,"kk bZf"kdkA


8/71


9/71

9S- (fl)

fyf[kre~

1- etw"kk esafn, x, loZuke isaiz'u esavk;k Nk=k%* 'kCn iq Yyx gSAvr% mlosQ LFkku ij mkj esa loZuke ^l%* (iqfYayx) dk iz;ksx fd;k

x;k gSAizR;sd iz'u dks;kuiwoZd i


10/71

10 S- (fl)

3- Nk=k% okD; esa ^,"k%* (iqfYayx) iz;ksx esa vk;k gSA vr%

iq Yyx 'kCn^Nk=k%*A4- v;kid% iqYyx loZuke l%* rFkk ikB;fr* f;kin osQ dkj.k

^v;kid%* mfpr gSA5- ô{k%* iq Yyx loZuke ^l%* rFkk f;kin îQyfr* gksus osQ

dkj.k ô`{k%*iqfYayx in mfprA

3- fp=kksadksns[ksa] le>sadkSu D;k dj jgk gS@jgh gSA ckbvksj fn,x, okD;ksadk okpu djsa] ns[ksadkSu&lk okD; fdl fp=k osQ fy,mi;qDr gSA fuEu mnkgj.k ns[ksa,d ckyd i


11/71

11S- (fl)

4- izR;sd okD; esa,d f;kin gksrk gSvkSj fozQ;kin (Verb) /krq

(Root)ls curk gSALej.k jgs (i)iB~i


12/71

12 S- (fl)

3fganh vuqokn(osckyd@os ckfydk,i


13/71

13S- (fl)

fyf[kre~

1-l% uefr,dopu rsuefUrcgqopu,dopu osQ dkkZosQ lkFk cgqopu osQ dkkZosQ lkFk,dopu dk fozQ;kin cgqopu dk fozQ;kinLej.k jgsokD; esadkkZvkSj f;kin esa rkyesy vko';d gSA

mkj 1- rk% onfUrA 2- rk% glfUrA 3- rs[ksyfUrA4- rk% [ksyfUrA 5- rs/kofUrA

2- mnkgj.k ns[ksa vkSj le>saiz'u esavk, laKkin osQ LFkku ij mkjesamfpr loZuke dk iz;ksxALej.k jgs ^rs*iq Yyx] cgqopu] ^rk%*L=khfYakx] cgqopuA

rkSiqYyx] f}opu] rsL=khfYakx] f}opuAmkj 1- rk% ^ckfydk%* 'kCn L=kh yx cgqopu gksus osQ dkj.kA2- rk% ^efgyk%* 'kCn L=khfYakx] cgqopu gksusosQ dkj.kA3- rs ^Nk=kk%* 'kCn iqYyx cgqopuA

iz'u rFkk mkjnksuksadk okpu djsaA 'kq iz;ksx lgt gkstk,xkA

4- ^rkS* ^ckydkS* 'kCn iq Yyx f}opuA5- r s ^jhek* o ^jhuk*ckfydkvksadk ukeA vr% f}opu loZuke

(L=khyx) dk iz;ksxA

mkj 3- 1- rk% ckfydk% uefUrA(D;ksafd yM+fd;kueLdkj dj jgh gSaA)

2- rsckfyosQ [kknr%A(D;ksafd nksyM+fd;k[kk jgh gSaA)

3- rsckyoQk% [ksyfUrA

(D;ksafd yM+osQ [ksy jgsgSaA)


14/71

14 S- (fl)

4- rkfydkiwfrZ djrs le; orZuh dh vksj ;ku nsavkSj fy[krsle;

okD;ksadk mPpkj.k djsaA 'kq iz;ksx lgt o ljy gkstk,xkAmkj ,dopue~ f}opue~ cgqopue~1- lk fy[kfr rsfy[kr% rk% fy[kfUr 2- l% [ksyfr rkS[ksyr% rs[ksyfUr3- lk onfr rsonr% rk% onfUr 4- lk uefr rsuer% rk% uefUr 5- l% glfr rkSglr% rsglfUr

Lej.k jgslaLo`Qr Hkk"kk esafozQ;kin esa yx&Hksn ugha gksrkA;Fkk l% ckyd% iBfrA (og ckyd i


15/71

15S- (fl)

3- l% ckyd% uefrA rkSckydkS uer%A rsckydk% uefUrA

4- l% ckyd% onfrA rkSckydkS onr%A rsckydk% onfUrA5- l% ckyd% /kofrA rkSckydkS /kor%A rsckydk% kkofUrA([k) L=khfYakx

1- lk ckfydk glfrA rs ckfyosQ glr%A rk% ckfydk% glfUrA2- lk ckfydk [ksyfrA rsckfyosQ [ksyr%A rk% ckfydk% [ksyfUrA3- lk Nk=kk iBfrA rs Nk=ksiBr%A rk% Nk=kk% iBfUrA4- lk Nk=kk fy[kfrA rsNk=ksfy[kr%A rk% Nk=kk% fy[kfUrA5- lk Nk=kk onfrA rsNk=ksonr%A rk% Nk=kk% onfUrA

mPpkj.k djrs le; uksV djsa

laKk&loZuke dk ,d&lkFk l% ckyd% (,dopu)mPpkj.k djusls'kq iz;ksx rkS ckydkS (f}opu) iqfYayx iz;ksxvklkuh ls lh[k ysaxsA rs ckydk% (cgqopu)

lk ckfydk (,dopu)rsckfyosQ (f}opu) L=khfYa kx iz;ksxrk% ckfydk% (cgqopu)

;ku nsaf;kin dk :i dkkZin ij fuHkZj gSl% ckyd%iBfrA izR;sd okD; dk okpu nksckj djsaArkSckydkSiBr%A la Kk] loZuke o f;kin osQ rhuksaopuksa esa

rsckyoQk%iBfUrA esa:i vklkuh lslh[k ysaxsA


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16 S- (fl)

4 vge~iBkfefganh vuqokn(eSai


17/71

17S- (fl)

([k)fy[kfr izFke iq#"k] ,dopu esa/krqosQ lkFk ^fr* yxrk gS

(^rh* ugha)Afy[kfl dkkZ^Roe~* gksusosQ dkj.kAiBkfe dkkZ^vge~*gksusosQ dkj.kAfy[kkfe dkkZ^vge~*gksusosQ dkj.kA

3- mnkgj.k ns[ksa vkSj le>sadkkZ^l%*] vr% fozQ;kin ^iBfr*izFkeiq#"k] ,dopuA dkkZin dks igpkusa] rnuqlkj dks"Bdnk kkrqdk mfpr:i fjDr LFkku esafy[ksaA

mkj 1- ------------fy[kfrA (dkkZ^o#.k%*fozQ;kin izFke iq#"k],dopu esa)2- ------------[ksyflA (dkkZRoe~vr% f;kin e;e iq#"k],dopu esa)3- ------------[kknkfeA (dkkZvge~fozQ;kin mke iq#"k],dopu esa)

4- ------------onfrA (dkkZlkvr% f;kin izFke iq#"k] ,dopu esa)5- ------------glflA (dkkZRoe~vr% f;kin e;e iq#"k] ,dopu esa)6- ------------kkokfeA (dkkZvge~vr% f;kin mke iq#"k],dopu esa)

lgt iz;ksx ij cy nsaA ikB esavk, okD;ksadk okpu@iquokZpu djsaA

4- etw"kk esafn, vO;;&in ikB esa vk pqosQ gSaA mUgsaisavkSj laokn iwjk djsaAmnkgj.k ns[ksaRoe~dnk (dc) iBfl\

mkjizkr% (losjs)^dnk* osQ mkj esaAlk;e~('kke dks)vke~(gk)fde~(D;k)lR;e~ (lp)Avfi(Hkh)

ikBlaxre~ ijh{k.ke~1-ikBxr laokn dk d{kk esavfHku; djsaA [ksy&[ksy esa'kq iz;ksx lh[kysaxsA

2- y?kqlaoknmnkgj.kRoe~dnk [ksyfl\

vge~lk;e~ [ksykfeAfoaQ Roaizkr% iBfl\vke~] vgaizkr% iBkfeA

foaQ Roa izfrfnuaiBfl\ufg] vgaizfrfnuau iBkfeAfoaQ RoalR;aonfl\vke~] vge~lR;e~onkfeA


18/71

18 S- (fl)

5 o;e~iBke%fganh vuqokn(ge i


19/71

19S- (fl)

mkj 1- ufg D;ksa fd mkj esa vkxsû* dk iz;ksx gSA

2- ufg udkjkRed mkj gksusosQ dkj.kA3- vke~ ldkjkRed mkj gksusosQ dkj.kA

4- vke~ ldkjkRed mkj gksusosQ dkj.kA

mkj 2- (d) ijLij esy

ufg ugha] no

r=k ogk] there

fde~ D;k] what

oqQ=k dgk] where

izkr% losjs] morning([k)ckb vksj dkkZin vkSj nkbvksj fozQ;kin fn, x, gSaA mfpr feyku

djsaA rRi'pkr~mPpkj.k djsaA dkkZ&fozQ;k leUo; dk vH;kl gks

tk,xkA

mnkgj.k ns[ksamPpkj.k djsaA

o;e~ onke%] Roe~ onfl] vge~ onkfe]

;w;e~ onFk] ;qoke~ onFk%A

Lej.k jgs,d kkrqlsvusd fozQ;kin cursgSa] ftudk iz;ksx okD; esa

dkkZ osQ iq#"k o opu osQ vuqlkj gksrk gSA

3- mnkgj.k ns[ksa^Roe~[kknfl* (,dopu) ;w;e~[kknFk* (cgqopu)

uksV djsadkkZin osQ opukuqlkj f;kin esa Hkh ifjorZu vk;k gSA

1- ;w;e~ glFkA 2- o;e~ glke%A 3- rs /kofUrA

4- ;qoke~[ksyFk%A 5- vkoke~ [ksyko%A

4- mnkgj.k ns[ksavkSj le>saf;kin dk :i okD; osQ dkkZ ij

fuHkZj djrk gS_ ;Fkkô;e~* osQ lkFk ^ fy[kke%* 'kq iz;ksx gSA

mkj 1- uefl 2- iBkfe 3- xPNfUr 4- [kknFk * 5- [ksyke%A

*uksV djsaê;e iqjQ"k osQ cgqopu esa /krq:i esafolxZ ughayxrk] osQoy f}opu esafolxZ vkrk gSA


20/71


21/71

21S- (fl)

ikBk% 1&5 iqujko`fk%bu ikBksadk iquokZpu dj ysaA vH;kl&iz'u djus easdfBukbZ ughavk,xhA

mkj 1- 1- l% 2- lk 3- ,rs 4- l% 5- rk%A

mkj 2- 1- [ksyfr 2- kkofUr 3- uefr 4- iBr% 5- onkfeA

3- etw"kkvksaesafn, x, fozQ;kinksadksi


22/71

22 S- (fl)

5- mnkgj.k ns[ksa] le>sa] fozQ;kin iwjsdjsaA rRi'pkr~okD;ksadk mPpkj.k

djsaAmkj1- ------fr 2- ------fUr 3- ------fl

4- ------Fk 5- ------fe 6- ------e%A

6- izR;sd okD; esa f;kin dk :i igpkusa] rnuqlkj dks"Bd lsmfpr fodYi dkkZin osQ :i esa pqusaA

mkj 1- ;w;e~ 2- o;e~ 3- Roe~ 4- rkS 5- rs

uksVokD;ksa dk mPpkj.k djsaA


23/71

23S- (fl)

Nk=k% iBfrfganh vuqokn(Nk=k isafd laKkin dh Hkkfriz'uokpd loZuke Hkh rhuksa opuksa esa] iz;ksx esavkrk gS_ ;Fkk^Nk=k%

Nk=kkS Nk=kk%* mlh izdkj ^d% dkSosQ*A

6

i'kq&if{k;ksa osQ uke esa cgq/k iqfYayx 'kCn] L=kh&tkfr osQ i'kq&i{kh dk Hkh cks/ djkrk gSA


24/71

24 S- (fl)

fyf[kre~

1- i'kq&if{k;ksaosQ fp=k ns[ksaA feyku djrsle; mPpkj.k djsaA

mkj,"k% lg% ,"k% v'o%

,"k% xt% ,"k% 'kqd%

,"k% okuj%

2- mnkgj.k ns[ksavkSj le>sai'kq&if{k;ksaosQ uke osQ lkFk mfpr fozQ;kinyxk,A

mkj 1- fid%owQtfrA 4- 'kq d%onfrA2- v'o% kkofrA 5- okuj%[kknfrA

3- fla g%xtZfrAokD;ksa dk okpu djsaA3- mnkgj.k ns[ksavkSj le>sa

dkkZ fozQ;k dkkZ fozQ;k,dopuckyd% [ksyfr ckydk% [ksyfUrcgqopu

vFkkZr~cgqopu esadkkZvkSj fozQ;kin nksuksaesa:ikUrj vkrk gSAmkj 1- Nk=kk% iBfUrA 2- xtk% pyfUrA 3- 'kq dk% onfUrA

4- osQ [kknfUr\ 5- ,rsv'ok%A

,dopu vkSj cgqopu osQ okD;ksadk mPpkj.k djsaAnksuksa opuksa esadkkZvkSj fozQ;kin osQ :i ij ;ku nsaA


25/71

25S- (fl)

4- mnkgj.k ns[ksaf;kin[kknfUrcgqopu esa] vr% dkkZin Hkh cgqopu

gksxkAokujk%cgqopu gksusosQ dkj.k 'kq :iAmkj 1- lgk% ^xtZfUr*fozQ;kin cgqopu esagksusosQ dkj.k dkkZincgqopuA

2- fid% ôwQtfr*,dopu esa gksusosQ dkj.kA3- Nk=kkS îBr%*f}opu esa gksusosQ dkj.kA4- ckydk% ^[ksyfUr*cgqopu gksusosQ dkj.kA5- v'o% ^kkofr*,dopu gksus osQ dkj.kA

fjDr LFkku iwfrZosQ mijkUr okD;ksadk okpu djsaA

5- iz'uokpd 'kCnksa osQ vFkZ le> ysa

d% dkSu,dopu dkS dkSu nksf}opu osQ dkSucgqopuAmnkgj.k ns[ksa^firkeg%* 'kCn ,dopu] vr% iz'u esa ^d%*,dopudk iz;ksxAiz'u&fuekZ.k djusls igysokD; dk okpu djsafiQj iz'u dkA

mkj 1- osQ---------\ (D;ksa fd ^ckydk%* cgqopu gSA)2- d% [kknfr\ (D;ksafd ôkuj%* 'kCn ,dopu gSA)3- d% fy[kfr\ (D;ksafd ^Nk=k%* 'kCn ,dopu gSA)4- dkSiBr%\ (D;ksafd ^Nk=kkS* 'kCn f}opu gSA)

ikBlaxre~ ijh{k.ke~

2- fp=k osQ vk/kj ij iz'u o mkjoqQN mnkgj.k

1-[ksyrsgq, ckyd dk fp=k fn[kkdj

iz'u ,"k% d%\

mkj ,"k% ckyd%A

iz'u l% foaQ djksfr\

mkj l% [ksyfrA

2-,d dks;y dk fp=k fn[kkdj

,"k% d%\ ,"k% fid%Al% foaQ djksfr\ l% owQtfrA


26/71

26 S- (fl)

vge~ Nk=k% vfLefganh vuqokn(eSaNk=k gw)D;k rqe Nk=k gks\ og dkSu gS\ osfgj.k gSaAgk] eSa Nk=k gwA og fgj.k gSA ospjrs@pj jgs gSaAog dkSu gS\ osnksuksadkSu gSa\ osdkSu gSa\og dks;y gSA osnksuksa dks;ysa gSaA os dks;ysa gSaAog dkSu gS\ rqe dkSu gks\ ge gal gSaAog fCkYyh@fcyko gSA eSagal gwA ge rSjrsgSaA

eSa rSjrk@rSj jgk gwAD;k rqe 'ksj gks\ D;k rqe ?kksM+sgks\ rqe dkSu gks\ugha] eSack?k gwA ugha ] ge gkFkh gSaA eSa [kjxks'k gwAD;k rqe eksj gks\ ;g eksj gSA rqe (cgqopu) dkSu gks\ugha] eSa dcwrj gwA ns[kks] ;g ukprk@ukp jgk gSA ge dcwrj gSa Arqe rksrsgksA D;k rq e nksuksarksrs gks\ rqe (cgqopu) rksrs gksArqe cksyrs gksA gk] ge nksuksarksrs gSaA rqe lc cksyrsgksA

mkjkf.k

ekSf[kde~

1-izR;sd okD; dksnks ckj i


27/71

27S- (fl)

3- vfl dkkZRoe~ gksusosQ dkj.kA

4- vfLe dkkZvge~ gksusosQ dkj.kA([k) 1- vfLr dkkZ ^l%* izFke iq#"k] ,dopuA

2- lfUr dkkZ ^rs* izFke iq#"k] cgqopuA3- LFk dkkZ^;w ;e~*e;e iq#"k] cgqopuA4- Le% dkkZ ^o;e~mke iq#"k] cgqopuA

okD; dh iwfrZ osQ mijkUr okD; nksgjk,A 'kq iz;ksx dk vH;klLor% gh gkstk,xkA

2- vius fe=kksa osQ lkFk [ksy&[ksy esa i'kq&if{k;ksaosQ uke lh[ksaA 'ksj]phrk vkfn cudj ijLij okrkZyki djsaA vkuUn vk,xkA

mkj 1- diksr%

2- O;k?kz%

3- e`x%

4- xt%

5- Nk=k%

fp=k ns[krsgq, 'kq fodYi pqusavkSj izR;sd okD; dk mPpkj.k djsaA


28/71

28 S- (fl)

ikBlaxre~ ijh{k.ke~

oqQN mnkgj.ky?kq laokneksj] gal] fgj.k] [kjxks'k vkfn cusNk=k@Nk=kkvksaosQ chp1-Roe~d% vfl\ 2-l% d% vfLr\

vge~e;wj% vfLeA l% gal% vfLrARoe~foaQ djksf"k\ ga l% foaQ djksfr\vge~uR;kfeA l% rjfrA


29/71

29S- (fl)

vge~ laLre~ iBkfefganh vuqokn(eSalaLr i


30/71

30 S- (fl)

mkj iz'u mkjkf.k

1- Roe~fde~ [kknfl\ vge~ Hkkstue~[kknkfeA2- Roe~oqQ=k xPNfl\ vge~ fo|ky;axPNkfeA3- Roe~fde~fy[kfl\ vga fucU/afy[kkfeA4- Roe~fde~ficfl\ vga nqXkafickfeA5- Roe~fde~djksf"k\ vge~ O;k;kee~djksfeA6- Roaoa Q uefl\ vge~ v;kioaQ uekfeA7- Roe~fde~iBfl\ vga laLraiBkfeA

2- etw"kk esafn, x, 'kCnksadks i


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32/71

32 S- (fl)

vkeze~

lsoe~

ikBlaxre~ ijh{k.ke~

ikpksa iQyksaosQ fp=kksaosQ uhps muosQ uke fy[ksaA ikB~;iqLrd dh lgk;rk ysldrsgSaA vFkok oqQN vU; iQyksaosQ uke dk irk yxk,A

1-ukfjosQye~(ukfj;y) 2-nzk{kkiQye~ (vaxwj)

3-tEchje~ (uhacw) 4- vkeze~ (vke)

5-ukje (larjk)


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34/71

34 S- (fl)

3- ---------dyesu fy[kkfeA 3----------dUnqosQu hMkfeA

mnkgj.k lfgr lHkh okD;ksadk okpu djsaA okpu djus ls'kq iz;ksx dkvH;kl Lor% gkstk,xkA2- izR;sd iz'u dks ;kuiwoZd i


35/71

35S- (fl)

foHkfDr osQ 'kCn :i rFkk iz;ksx dks;kn j[ksaA

5- mnkgj.k ns[ksavkSj le>sadkkZin esa opu&ifjorZu vkus ij f;kinosQ opu esamlosQ vuqlkj ifjorZu vkrk gS_ ;Fkk^l%* osQ LFkku ij rs*(cgqopu) vkusij xPNfr* (,dopu) f;kin osQ LFkku ij xPNfUr*(cgqopu) mi;qDr gSA blh izdkj vU; okD;ksaesadkkZin esaopu&ifjorZu

djrsle; f;kin esaifjorZu djuk u HkwysaA;ku jgs,slh fLFkfr esaokD; osQ vU; in izHkkfor ugha gksrsA tSls;gk^fo|ky;e~* 'kCn esadksbZ :ikarj ughavk;kA

mkj 1- Nk=kk% ;kusu iBfUrA2- o;e~vkuUnsu [ksyke%A

3- ;w ;e~cl;kusu xPNFkA4- ckydk% dUnqosQu hMfUrA5- rk% tuosQu lg xPNfUrA

mnkgj.k lfgr nksuksa LrEHkksa(,dopu rFkk cgqopu) osQ okD;ksadklgt jhfr lsokpu djsaA

ikBlaxre~ ijh{k.ke~

iz'ukskjoqQN mnkgj.k1-RoaosQu lg hMfl\ 2-jksfgr% osQu hMfr\

vgatuosQu lg hMkfeA jksfgr% dUnqosQu hMfrA


36/71

36 S- (fl)

ikBk% 6&9 iqujko`fk%

1- vl~ kkrqosQ :i dh vko`fk dj ysaA mnkgj.k ns[ksaAmkj 1- vfl ^Roe~ * osQ ;ksx esaA 5- Le% ô;e~ * osQ lkFkA

2- vfLe ^vge~ * dkkZosQ lkFkA 6- vfLr dkkZ^l%* osQ lkFkA3- lfUr ^rs* dkkZ osQ lkFkA 7- vfLr dkkZ^l%* osQ lkFkA4- LFk ^;w ;e~* osQ lkFkA

2- mnkgj.k ns[ksadks"Bdnk ^Nk=k%* (,dopu) mfpr :i] D;ksafd ;gfozQ;kin iBfr* ,dopu dk dkkZgSA vFkkZr~ fozQ;kin ,dopu gksusosQdkj.k dkkZHkh ,dopuA dkkZ&f;kin dk leUo; ;kn j[ksaA

mkj 1- v'ok% ^kkofUr* fozQ;kin cgqopu] vr% dkkZ^v'ok%* cgqopuA2- laLoQre~ îBkfe* fozQ;kin dk deZgksusosQ dkj.kf}rh;k foHkfDr

in mfprA3- fucU/e~ ^fy[kfUr* dk deZgksusosQ dkj.k f}rh;k foHkfDr in

dk iz;ksxA4- dUnqosQu (xsan ls)^ls* osQ vFkZesa^dUnqd* 'kCn r`rh;k foHkfDr

esa dUnqde~ (xsan dks)A5- gLrsu (gkFk ls)^ls* osQ vFkZesar`rh;k foHkfDr in dk iz;ksxA

gLre~(gkFk dks)AokD;ksa dk ;kuiwoZd okpu djsaA 'kq iz;ksx lgt gks tk,xkA

3- mnkgj.k ns[ksao le>saf;kin dk :i okD; osQ dkkZij fuHkZj gksrkgSA vr% ô;e~* dkkZosQ lkFk îBke%* mfpr :iA dks"Bd esa fn,x, fodYiksa dksns[ksavkSj okD; osQ dkkZosQ vuqlkj f;kin dk 'kq:i pqusaA

mkj 1- ow QtfUr dkkZ ^fidk%* cgqopu esagksusosQ dkj.kA2- u`R;r% dkkZê;wjkS* f}opu esagksusosQ dkj.kA3- ficFk dkkZ ;w ;e~* e;e iqjQ"kcgqopu gksusosQ dkj.kA

4- /kokfe dkkZ ^vge~* mke iqjQ"k,dopu gksusosQ dkj.kA5- uefl dkkZ Roe~* e;e iqjQ"k,dopu osQ dkj.kA


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37S- (fl)

4- ns[ks a] izR;sd fp=k esa dkSu D;k dj jgk@jgh gSA ckbvksj fn, x,

okD; i


38/71

38 S- (fl)

vej% iBuk; xPNfrfganh vuqokn(vej i ysaA ikB dhfo"k;&oLrqosQ vk/kj ij mfpr fodYi pqudj mkj nsaA

10

fgUnh okD; esa;gk] ijlxZ^esa* dk iz;ksx fd;k x;k gSA fdUrqlaLr okD;&jpuk esa ;g deZingS] vr% f}rh;k foHkfDr in ('k;ud{ke ~) iz; qDr gqv k gSA ikB esa vU; okD;ks a esa

Hkh ,slk iz;ksx vk;k gS_ ;Fkkm|kue~(to the garden)hMk{ks=ke~ (to the playground)vki.ke~(to market)bR;kfnA D;ksafd ;s lc okD; esadeZ@objectgSa] vr% deZdkjd@f}rh;kfoHkfDr esa A


39/71

39S- (fl)

mnkgj.k ns[ksaiz'u esa^fdeFkZe~*---mkj esaîBuk;* D;ksafd okD; esa

fo|ky; tkus dk mYys[k vk;k gSA blh izdkj izR;sd iz'u dk mkjizlaxkuqlkj mfpr fodYi pqu dj nsaAmkj 1- foJkek; D;ksafd 'k;ud{k esa tkusdh ckr vkbZgSA

2- lk;e~ 3- [ksyuk; 4- m|kue~ 5- nsoky;e~A

2- (d) fdl fozQ;k osQ fy, dgktk;k tkrk gSbl ckr dk ;kuj[kdj feyku djsa_ ;FkkîBuk;fo|ky;e~*A

mkj Hkze.kk; (?kweusosQ fy,) m|kue~ (cX +khpsdks@esa)[ksyuk; ([ksyus osQ fy,) ozQhMk{ks=ke~ ([ksy osQ eSnku dks@esa)foJkek; (vkjke djusosQ 'k;ud{ke~ (lksus osQ dejsdkss@esa)

fy,)Hkk stuk; (Hkkstu osQ fy,) Hkkstuky;e~ (Hkkstuky; dks@esa)

([k) mnkgj.k ns[ksa vkSj le>saf;kin dk :i dkkZin osQvuqlkj gksrk gS_ ;Fkk^vge~* osQ lkFk xPNkfe*A blh izdkjvU; okD;ksaesadkkZin dks;ku esa j[kdj f;kin fy[ksaAokD;ka'k ogh gSa tks[k.M ^d* esafeyku djuslsvk, gSaA

1- xPNfr --------------dkkZ^l%* gksusosQ dkj.kA

2- Hkze.kk; --------------xPNfUrD;ksafd dkkZ^rs*A

3- --------------Hkkstuk; --------------xPNke%D;ksafd dkkZô;e~*A4- --------------[ksyuk; --------------xPNFkD;ksafd dkkZ^;w;e~*A

5- --------------foJkek; --------------xPNflD;ksafd dkkZ^Roe~*Ami;qZDr okD;ksa dk okpu djsaA izR;sd in ij ;ku nsaA iz;ksxle>sa_ ;Fkk

(i) ôsQ fy,* osQ vFkZesaprqFkhZfoHkfDr dk iz;ksx('kCn osQ vUr esa^vk;* vkrk gS_ tSlsiBuk;] Hkze.kk; vkfnA)

(ii)tgk tk;k tkrk gSxUrO; LFkku (destination) esa f}rh;k dkiz;ksx('kCn osQ vUr eas ê~* vk tkrk gS_ tSlsfo|ky;e~] m|kue~vkfnA)


40/71

40 S- (fl)

3- izR;sd okD; dks isa] mfpr fozQ;kin pqusaA mnkgj.k ns[ksaAmkj (d) 1- uekfe (ueLdkj djrk gw) okD; esadeZin^v;kfidke~*

(v;kfidk dks)A

2- [kknkfe ([kkrk@[kkrh gw) okD; esadeZin ^Hkkstue~*

(Hkkstu dks)A

3- djksfe (djrk@djrh gw ) okD; esa ^foJkee~* (foJke

dks)deZA

4- ozQhMkfe ([ksyrk@[ksyrh gw ) okD; esa^lk;e~~* ('kke dks)

dkyokpdA

5- xPNkfe (tkrk@tkrh gw) okD; esa^ozQhMk{ks=ke~*xUrO;LFkku osQ lkFk mfprA

([k) etw"kk esa fn, x, 'kCnksa dks;kuiwoZd i


41/71

41S- (fl)

ikBlaxre~ ijh{k.ke~

mke iq#"k] ,dopu osQ LFkku ij e;e iq#"k ,dopu vFkok izFke iq#"k,dopu dk dkkZin yxkdj okD;&ifjorZu

1- (d)Roe~ fo|ky;e~ xPNflA ([k)l%@lk fo|ky;e~xPNfrA

Roe~ v;kfidkaueflA l% @lk v;kfidka uefrA

Roe~Hkkstua[kknflA l% @lk Hkkstua [kknfrA

Roe~foJkeadjksf"kA l%@lk foJkeadjksfrA

lk;aRoe~ hMflA lk;a l%@lk hMfrA

Roe~ hMk{ks=kaxPNflA l%@lk hMk{ks=ka xPNfrA

2- vge~ iBuk; fo|ky;a xPNkfeAvge~ iwtuk; fo|ky;a xPNkfeA

vge~Hkze.kk; xPNkfeA

vge~ dyek; vki.ka xPNkfeA

vge~ foJkek; 'k;ud{ka xPNkfeA

vge~ Hkkstuk; x`ge~vkxPNkfeA

bl izdkj okD;&jpuk djosQ rFkk okpu@iquokZpu djosQ ljyrk lsHkk"kk&iz;ksx

lh[ksaA


42/71

42 S- (fl)

vej% x`gkr~ xPNfrfganh vuqokn(vej ?kj ls tkrk gS)

vej ?kj ls tkrk@tk jgk gSA vej dgk ls vkrk gSAog LowQy tk jgk gSA og Low Qy lsvkrk gSAogkog i


43/71

43S- (fl)

fyf[kre~

1- ikB dk okpu ;kuiwoZd dj ysaA iz'uokpd vO;; oqQ=k (dgk)vkSj oqQr% (dgkls) HkyhHkkfr le> ysaA mkj esadfBukbZ gks rksikB esans[ksaAiz'u ;ku lsisaA ,dopu osQ dkkZin osQ lkFk ,dopu dkf;kinA dkkZin cgqopu esa ifjofrZd djus ij f;kin Hkhcgqopu esapyk tkrk gS] fdUrqokD; osQ vU; inksa esa dksbZ:ikUrj ughavkrkA

mkj 1- efgyk% owQie~xPNfUrA2- o;e~iqLrdky;e~xPNke%A3- rk% tye~vku;fUrA

4- ;w ;e~fe"VkUue~[kknFkA5- Nk=kk% fo|ky;kr~vkxPNfUrA


44/71

44 S- (fl)

mkj 4- 1- o`{kkr~ (isM+ls @from the tree) D;ksafd okD; esackyd osQ

fxjus dk mYys[k gSA (tgk lsvyx gqvk tkrk gS]mlesaipeh foHkfDr dk iz;ksx gksrk gSA o{k% dk vFkZgS,d isM+ vr% ^o`{kkr~* mfpr fodYi gSA

2- tye~ ^vku;fUr* dk deZ (object)(ty ewy 'kCn gS] deZdkjdesa^tye~* :i 'kq gSA)

3- fons'kkr~ (fons'k ls@from abroad) vkxPNfr* (vkrk gS) osQ;ksx esamfpr fodYiA (fons'ke~ =fons'k dks@to aforeign country)

4- fo|ky;e~ (LowQy dks@to school) f;kin ^xPNfr* (tkrk gS)

osQ ;ksx esamfpr fodYiA (fo|ky;kr~=LowQy ls@from school)

5- vki.kkr~ (nw dku ls@ from the shop) f;kin vku;kfe* (ykrkgw) osQ ;ksx esamfprA (vki.ke~nwdku dks @to theshop)

fjDr LFkku iwfrZ osQ mijkUr okD;ksadk okpu djsa vkSj lgt jhfr ls'kqiz;ksx dk vH;kl djsaA

ikBlaxre~ ijh{k.ke~

okD;&jpuk@iz;ksx dk vH;kll% ckyd%@lk ckfydk fo|ky;e~xPNfrAr=k l%@lk iBfr [ksyfr pArr% lk@l% x`ge~vkxPNfrAl%@lk Hkkstua[kknfrA lk;al%@lk hMfrAl%@lk vki.ke~xPNfrAl%@lk fe"VkUue~ vku;frA

izLrqr okD;ksaesal%@lk osQ LFkku ij O;fDrokpd laKk dk iz;ksx Hkh fd;k tkldrk gS_ ;Fkkv.kZo%@vf.kZdk fo|ky;e~xPNfrA


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46/71


47/71


48/71

48 S- (fl)

ikBk% 10&12 iqujko`fk%iwoZnk ikBksadh vko`fk dj ysaA vH;kl&iz'u bu ikBksa dh dFkk&oLrqrFkkHkk"kk&roksaij vkkkfjr gSaA dfBukbZgksus ij ikB esa vk, okD;ksadksiqu% ns[k ysaA

1- mnkgj.k ns[ksa vkSj le>saA ikB osQ vk/kj ij 'kq fodYi pqusaAmkj 1- iBuk; (i


49/71

49S- (fl)

4- etw"kk esa fn, x, f;kinksa dksisaA fjDr LFkku

NksM+dj izR;sd okD; dk okpu djsaA vk'k; le> dj] izlaxkuqlkjmfpr f;kin pqusavkSj okD;iwfrZdjsaAmkj 1- xPNfr (tkrk gS) okD; esa^vki.ke~* (nwdku dks) osQ lkFk mfpr

f;kinA2- vkxPNfr (vkrk gS)okD; esa vki.kkr~* (nwdku ls] from the shop)osQ lkFk mfprA

3- vku;fr(ykrk gS)okD; esa dyee~* (dye dks) osQ lkFk mfprA4- vfLr(gS)okD; dk dkkZ^vki.k%* (nwdku)] vr% izlaxkuqlkjmfpr f;kinA

5- irfr(fxjrh gS)okD; esa^vejL;* (vej dh dye) fxjrh@fxj

jgh gSA


50/71

50 S- (fl)

vge~ fo|ky;s iBkfefganh vuqokn(eSa LowQy esai


51/71

51S- (fl)

mkj 1- [kxk% uhMs olfUrA [oqQ=k* osQ mkj esauhMs* (?kksalys esa)]

2- es?kk% vkdk'kslfUrA [oqQ=k* osQ mkj esa ^vkdk'ks* (vkdk'k esa)]3- eRL;k% leqnzsrjfUrA [ ^dfLeu~* (fdl esa) osQ mkj esa

^leqnzs* (leqnzesa)]4- dxZn&ukSdk% o"kkZ&tys rjfUrA [ ^dfLeu~* osQ mkj esaô"kkZ&tys*

(o"kkZosQ ikuh esa)]5- vge~ekxsZpykfeA [oqQ=k (dgk) osQ mkj esaekxsZ

(lM+d ij)]

;ku nsaôqQ=k* ^dfLeu~* osQ mkj esa tks 'kCn iz;ksx esa vk, gSa] os lclIreh foHkfDr (,dopu) esa gSaA lc osQ vUr esa ^,* yxk gS_

tSlsô{ks* ^tys* vkfnA (êsa@ij* dk vFkZn'kkZusosQ fy, lIreh(vfkdj.k dkjd) dk iz;ksx gksrk gS)A

2- etw"kk esafn, x, lIreh foHkfDr osQ 'kCnksa dksisaAmnkgj.k ns[ksa vkSj le>saokD; esa ^pyke%* (pyrsgSa)] vr% ekxsZ*(ekxZesa) mfpr in gSA blh izdkj izR;sd okD; dks i


52/71

52 S- (fl)

5- ljksojs(rkykc esa)A

4- etw"kk esa fn, x, fozQ;kin isaA fjDr LFkku NksM+djizR;sd okD; ;kuiwoZd isa] rnuqlkj mfpr fozQ;kin pqusaA

mkj 1- olfl dkkZ ^Roe~* gksus osQ dkj.k_ okD; esa^x`gs* (?kj esa)A2- rjfUr dkkZ in^ckydk%* cgqopu gksusosQ dkj.k_ okD; esa

^rj.krkys*A3- pyfr dkkZ ^cl;kue~*,dopu_ okD; esaêkxsZ*A4- vfLr dkkZ in^fo|ky;%*,dopu] vr% fozQ;kin ,dopuA5- lfUr dkkZ êdjk%*cgqopu] okD; esa^leqnzs* (leqnzesa)A

6- ozQhMke% dkkZô;e~*gksus osQ dkj.k_ okD; esa ozQhMk{ks=k dkmYys[kAokD;ksadk okpu djsaA izR;sd in ij ;ku nsaA

ikBlaxre~ ijh{k.ke~

iz'u rFkk mkjoqQN mnkgj.k(d) 1- Roa oqQ=k iBfl\ ([k) 1- uhM% oqQ=k vfLr\

vga fo|ky;s iBkfeA uhM% o{ks vfLrA2- RoaoqQ=k [ksyfl\ 2- es?k% oqQ=k vfLr\

vge~hMk{ks=ks [ksykfeA es?k% vkdk'ksvfLrA

3- RoaoqQ=k olfl\ 3- edj% oq Q=k vfLr\vga xgsolkfeA edj% tys@leqsvfLrA

4- RoaoqQ=k pyfl\vgaekxsZpykfeA


53/71

53S- (fl)

,rr~ m|kue~fganh vuqokn(;g cxhpk gS)

;g D;k gS\ ;g D;k gS\ ;sD;k gSa\;g ckX+k gSA ;g iwQy gSA ;siwQy gSaAckX+k esacPps[ksyrsgSaA iwQy f[kyrk gSA iwQy f[kyrsgSaA

;g ikk gSA ;s nks iksgSaA ;s iks gSaA ;g iQy gSA ;s nksiQy gSaAikk fxjrk gSA nks iksfxjrsgSaA iks fxjrsgSaA ;g la rjk gSA ;s nkslarjs gSaA

;s iQy gSaA ;g ikS/k gSA gok pyrh gSA;gkvke] lsc vkSj osQyk gSaA ikS/sij iwQy f[kyrsgSaA isM+ls iksfxjrsgSaAvaxwj vkSj vukukl Hkh gSaA

;g iqLrd gSA ;s iq LrosaQ gSaAckyd iqLrd isaA

14


54/71

54 S- (fl)

mnkgj.k ns[ksafjDr LFkku esa^iQykfu* 'kCn vk;k gS] D;ksafd okD;

esa ^o`{ks* (isM+ij) 'kCn osQ lkFk ;g mfpr gS] fozQ;kin ^lfUr* Hkhcgqopu gSAizR;sd okD; dksi


55/71

55S- (fl)

iz'u 4- mnkgj.k ns[ksavkSj le>saiz'u osQ mkj esa ^iqLrde~* 'kCn dk iz;ksx

vk;k gS] D;ksafd lkeusiqLrd dk fp=k fn;k x;k gSAizR;sd iz'u dksi


56/71

56 S- (fl)

4- ukfjosQye~ (ukfj;y) 5- vUukukle~(vukukl@Pineapple)

;k dksbZvU; iQyksaosQ ukeA

2. 1- ,rr~fde~\ 2- ,rr~ fde~\,rr~iq"ie~A ,rr~ iQye~Aiq"ie~ oqQ=k vfLr\ iQye~ oqQ=k vfLr\iq"ie~iknisvfLrA iQye~ o{ksvfLrA

v;kid@v;kfidk bl izdkj dk vH;kl djk,A Nk=k uiqaldfYakx 'kCnksadk :i@iz;ksx rFkk foHkfDr&iz;ksx ljyrk lslh[k ysaxsA


57/71

57S- (fl)

ee o.kZ&dyek%(la[;kokfpu% o.kZokfpu% p)fganh vuqokn(esjh jaxhu dyesa)

;g dye gSA ;sdyesagSaA ;g rq Egkjh dye gSA;g esjh dye gSA ;sjaxhu dyesagSaA ;g dye uhyh gSA

;sesjh fp=k (cukus) dh dyesa gSaA

esjh (esjs ikl) nl jaxhu dyesagSaA,d nks rhu pkj ikp N% lkr vkB ukS nl

;g dye yky gSA ;g dye gjh gSA ;g dye ihyh gSA

;g esjh xsan gSA ;g gal gSA gal rSjrk gSA ;g dks;y gSA;g yky vkSj uhyk gSA ga l lI +ksQn gksrk gSA dks;y dkyh gksrh gSAxsan dk jax yky vkSj uhyk gSA gal dk jax lI+ksQn gSA dks;y ehBk owQdrh gSA

;g dkSok gSA ;g o{k gSAdkSok isM+ij cSBrk gSA isM+ij iks gSaAdkSok Hkh dkyk gksrk gSA o`{k gjk gksrk gSA

;g ikk gSA ;g lksusdk gkj gSA ;g dey gSAikk gjk gSA lksuk ihyk gksrk gSA dey rkykc esaf[kyrk gSA

iksdk jax gjk gSA lksusdk jax ihyk gSA dey dk jax yky gSAdey yky gSA

mkjkf.k

'kh"kZd dk mPpkj.k djsaA Li"V mPpkj.k ij cy nsaA

ekSf[kde~

la[;kokph 'kCnksa dk mPpkj.k djsaA nks&rhu ckj mPpkj.k djus ls'kCnd.BLFk gkstk,xsAmkjfgUnh] vaxzsth vFkok ekrHkk"kk esaiz;qDr la[;kokph 'kCnksaesalaLo`Qr osQ

'kCnksals feyrh&tqyrh ofu


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59/71

59S- (fl)


bu ikBksa dk iquokZpu dj ysaA mkj nsuk ljy gkstk,xkA

1- etw"kk esa fn, x, loZuke 'kCnksadksle> ysa,dopu ,rr~(uiqaldfYakx) ,"k% (iqfYayx) (;g)cgqopu ,rkfu (uiqaldfYakx) ,rs (iqfYayx) (;s)laKkin osQ yx o opu dksigpkursgq, mfpr loZuke 'kCn (;gkfo'ks"k.k osQ :i esa) dk iz;ksx djsaA

mkj 1- ,rr~ D;ksa fd ^m|kue~*uiqaldfYakx] ,dopu gSA2- ,"k% ^vkezo`{k%*iqYyx] ,dopu gksus osQ dkj.kA

3- ,rr~ ^vkeze~* 'kCn uiqaldfYakx] ,dopu gksus osQ dkj.kA4- ,rkfu ^vkezkf.k*uiqaldfYakx] cgqopu gksusosQ dkj.kA5- ,rs ^o{kk%* iqfYayx] cgqopu 'kCn osQ lkFkA6- ,rr~ ^fde~* uiq aldfYakx] ,dopu osQ lkFkA

2- mnkgj.k ns[ksavkSj le>saes?k (ckny) vkdk'k esagksrsgSa] vr% 'kqfodYi^vkdk'ks*AfjDr LFkku NksM+dj okD; isa] fiQj dks"Bd esa fn,x, inksadk okpu djsaA izlaxkuqlkj mfpr fodYi pqudj okD;

iwjk djsaA mnkgj.k ns[ksa^iq"ikf.k* mfpr] D;ksafd ^ fodlfUr*f;kin cgqopu gSA


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60 S- (fl)

mkj 1- iqLrde~ dkj.k ^irfr* f;kin ,dopuA

2- i=ks dkj.k ^irr%* f;kin f}opuA3- pe~ dkj.k pyfr* f;kin ,dopuA4- deykfu dkj.k ^lfUr* f;kin cgqopuA5- x`ge~ dkj.k ^vfLr* f;kin ,dopuA

fjDr LFkku iwfrZosQ mijkUr okD;ksadk okpu djsaA

5- (d) mnkgj.k ns[ksa vkSj le>sackb vksj osQ okD; isavkSj ;kn j[ksaA

;kn jgsLi"V vkSj 'kq mPpkj.k djus lsHkk"kk&iz;ksx vrho ljyyxsxkA


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61S- (fl)

ee 'kjhje~fganh vuqokn(esjk 'kjhj)

;g 'kjhj gSA ;g gkFk gSA ;g iSj gSA

;g eq[k gSA ;g ukd gSSA ;g dku gSA

ge eq[k lscksyrsgSaA ge (nks) dkuksalslqurs gSaA

;g mxyh gSA gkFk esaikp mxfy;k gSaA esjsnksgkFk gSaA

ikp vkSj ikp nl gksrs gSaA esjh nl mxfy;kgSaA

;g vk[k gSA ge (nks) vk[kksa lsns[krsgSaA ;g flj gSA

flj ij cky gSaA

eSa(nks) gkFkksa lsueLdkj djrk gwA esjs nksiSj gSaA

yksx (nks) gkFkksals ueLdkj djrs gSaA eSa(nks) iSjksals pyrk gwA

gkFkh osQ pkj iSj gksrs gSaA

gkFkh iSjksa(nks lsvf/d) ls pyrk gSA

ge nksiSjksa ls pyrs gSaA

dey yky gSA

mkjkf.k

'kh"kZd dk mPpkj.k djsaA Li"V mPpkj.k ls'kq iz;ksx lgt gkstk,xkA

ekSf[kde~

ikB dk okpu ;kuiwoZd djsaA ;ku nsa'kjhj osQ vaxksa osQ uke oqQN

iqfYayx] oqQN L=khfya x rFkk oqQN uiqaldfya x 'kCn gSaA rnuqlkj izR;sd osQ

lkFk yxsloZuke esa :ikUrj vk;k gS_ ;Fkk,"k% gLr%] ,rr~ eq[ke~vkfnA

16


62/71

62 S- (fl)

fyf[kre~

1- etw"kk esa fn, x, loZuke ns[ksalc dk vFkZ gS^;g*] fdUrq^ ,"k%* iqfYayx] ^,"kk* L=khfYakx vkSj ,rr~* uiqaldfYakx loZuke gSAmnkgj.k ns[ksaêq[ke~* uiqaldfYakx gksusosQ dkj.k ^,rr~* dk iz;ksxA

mkj 1- ,"k% ^gLr%* iqYyx 'kCn gksus osQ dkj.kA2- ,rr~ ^'kjhje~* uiqaldfYakx 'kCn gksus osQ lkFkA3- ,"k% îkn%* iqfYayx 'kCnA4- ,rr~ ûs=ke~* uiqaldfYakx 'kCnA5- ,"k% ^d.kZ%* uiqaldfYakx 'kCnA6- ,"kk ûkfldk* L=khfYakx 'kCnA

7- ,rr~ êLrde~*uiqaldfYakx 'kCnA2- mnkgj.k ns[ksa vkSj le>saA ijLij esy djrs le; mPpkj.k djsaAmkjmnkgj.ke~

1- ,"kk ukfldk

2- ,rr~ us=ke~

3- ,"k% ikn%

4- ,"k% d.kZ%

3- etw"kk esa fn, 'kCnksadks isaA fp=k ns[kdj mfpr inpqudj okD;iwfrZdjsaA

fl ?


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64/71

64 S- (fl)

ee ns'k%fganh vuqokn(esjk ns'k)

Hkkjro"kZesjk ns'k gSA vktdy@vc esjk ns'k LorU=k@vkkkn gSAeSaHkkjro"kZesajgrk gwA ;gk x.krU=k dk jkT; gSA;g ns'k esjh tUeHkwfe gSA vkt x.krU=k&fnol gSAeSaHkkjrh; gwA Hkkjro"kZ eq>s fiz; gSA x.krU=k&fnol ij mRlo gksrk gSAohj HkDr flag (Hkxrfla g) egku eSajk"Vh; >.Msdksiz.kke@lyke djrk gwAns'kHkDr FkkA vkSj jk"Vxhr xkrk gwA

ohj lSfud ns'k dh j{kk djrsgSaA esjk ns'k egku gSAns'k osQ fgr osQ fy, osizk.k&R;kx ns'k esa Kku&foKku osQ {ks=k esafodkl gksdjrsgSaA jgk gSAos ns'kHkDr gSaA hMk osQ {ks=k esamUufr gksjgh gSA

lfpu rsUnwydj fo'o&izfl fosQVf[kykM+h gSaA

mkjkf.k

ekSf[kde~

mPpkj.k djsaA ;ku nsaA ;gkfn, x, lHkh 'kCn fganh Hkk"kk esarRle :i esaiz;ksx esa yk, tkrsgSaA foHkfDr vkfn osQ dkj.k laLr esa:ikUrj vkrk gSA

fyf[kre~

1- etw"kk esavk, fozQ;kin (/krqvl~osQ :i) ns[ksavfLrizFke iq#"k] ,dopu] vfLemke iq#"k] ,dopu] vfle;e

iq#"k] ,dopuAmkj (d) mnkgj.k ns[ksa ^vfLr* dk iz;ksx D;ksafd dkkZ^l%*A

1- vfl ^Roe~* osQ ;ksx esaA2- vfLe vge~ osQ ;ksx esaA

17


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67/71

67S- (fl)

18 ee xzke%fganh vuqokn(esjk xko)

lqjs'k fe=k] rqe dgkjgrsgks\jkts'k eSa gksLVy esajgrk gwAlqjs'k rqEgkjk ?kj dgkgS\jkts'k esjk ?kj xko esa gSA esjk xko nwj gSAlqjs'k rqEgkjsifjokj esadkSu&dkSu gSa\jkts'k ifjokj esaesjh ekrk] firk] cM+k HkkbZvkSj NksVh cgu gSaA nknk] nknh vkSj

pkpk Hkh ifjokj osQ lnL; gSaA lc ,d lkFk jgrsgSaAlqjs'k vPNk] la;qDr&ifjokj gSA rqEgkjsfirk D;k dke djrsgSa\jkts'k og fdlku gSaA [ksrh dk dke djrsgSaA og [ksr esa gy pykrsgSaA muosQ

ikl nks cSy gSaA rqEgkjs firk D;k dke djrs gSa\lqjs'k og MkWDVj gSa] vLirky esa dke djrsgSaA ekLowQy esa Vhpj gSaA og

laLr i


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69/71

69S- (fl)

ikBlaxre~ ijh{k.ke~

oqQN mnkgj.k1- "kd% gysu {ks=ka d"kZfrA

2- "kd% {ks=ks chtkfu oifrA

3- "kd% tysu {ks=kaflpfrA

4- efgyk% owQikr~tye~ vku;fUrA

5- xzkes,d% fo|ky;%@fpfdRlky;%@fokdks"k% vfLrA

Nk=k fn, x, okD;ksaosQ vuqlkj fp=kksa dks,df=kr djosQ viuh lfpdk

esa yxk,A


70/71

70 S- (fl)


bu ikBksadk iquokZpu dj ysaA 'kCn osQ :i o iz;ksx ij ;ku nsaA ckj&ckjokpu djusls 'kq iz;ksx Lor% gh gksusyxsxkALej.k jgsfu;e vFkok flkUr lkekU;&cks/ osQ fy, fn, x, gSaA 'kq iz;ksxdk vH;kl vf/d ego j[krk gSA

1- etw"kk esa fn, x, 'kCnksa dk okpu djsaA ;s'kCn ikBksaesavk, gSa]vr% vFkZle>usesa dfBukbZ ughagksxhA

mkj 1- gLrkH;ke~(nksgkFkksals) ^uekfe* (ueLdkj djrk gw) osQ dkj.kA2- ekxsZ(ekxZ ij) ^pykfe* (pyrk gw )f;kin osQ lkFk

mfprA3- us=kkH;ke~(nks vk[kksals) ^i';kfe* (ns[krk gw)osQ dkj.kA4- gLrs(,d gkFk esa) okD; esa 'ks"k iz;ksx (ikp mxfy;k) osQ

dkj.kA5- gLrkS(nks gkFk) (^gLr* dk f}opu :i tSls ^ckyd*

'kCn esa f}opu esa ckydkS)^}kS* osQdkj.kA

6- jk"Vxkue~ ^xk;kfe* (xkrk gw)dk deZA (objectin the sentence)

mkj 2- 1-"kd%{ks=ks dk;djksfrA (^d%* osQ mkj esa ^"kd%* 'kq D;ksafd'ks"k okD; {ks=ksdk;djksfr*[ksr esa dkedjrk gSA)

2- fpfdRld%fpfdRlky;sdk;djksfrA3- jkts'k%iBuk;uxje~xPNfrA4- iznw"k.ke~xzkesvR;f/oaQ u vfLrA5- jkts'kL; ekrkowQikr~tye~ vku;frA;ku nsalHkh mkj ikBk/kfjr gSaA mkj fy[krsle; orZuh dh vksj;ku nsaAuksV djsaiz'u esajaxhu in osQ vk/kj ij dks"Bd ls'kq fodYi pquukgSA mlosQ vfrfjDr mkj esa'ks"k lHkh in iz'u ls gh fy, x, gSaA


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3- etw"kk esafn, x, 'kCn i

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Sanskrit Majusha Vyakaran Part 0