Schneider & Jorde Ecological Engineering

Habitat Model CASiMiRSilke Wieprecht and Ianina Kopecki

page 2

Preference curves and fuzzy logic

Preference functions

Substratpräferenz Bachforelle adult

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Substratindex [-]

Eig

nu

ng

sin

dex [

-]

Wassertiefenpräferenz Bachforelle adult

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2

Wassertiefe [m]

Eig

nu

ng

sin

dex [

-]

Strömungspräferenz Bachforelle adult

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4

Fließgeschwindigkeit [m/s]

Eig

nu

ng

sin

dex [

-]

Flow velocity

Substrate index Water depth

Habitat prefernces of brown trout adult

page 3

Preference curves and fuzzy logic

Classical preference approach

Wassertiefe

Strömung

Substrat

adult

00.20.40.60.8

11.2

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2Wassertiefe [m]

subadult

00.20.40.60.8

11.2

00.20.40.60.811.21.41.6Wassertiefe

[m]

adult

00.20.40.60.8

11.2

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4Strömung [m/s]

adult

00.20.40.60.8

11.2

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Index

subadult

00.20.40.60.8

11.2

00.20.40.60.8

11.21.4Strömung

[m/s]

subadult

00.20.40.60.8

11.2

0 4 8Index

Wassertiefe

Strömung

Substrat

adult

00.20.40.60.8

11.2

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2Wassertiefe [m]

subadult

00.20.40.60.8

11.2

00.20.40.60.811.21.41.6Wassertiefe

[m]

adult

00.20.40.60.8

11.2

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4Strömung [m/s]

adult

00.20.40.60.8

11.2

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Index

subadult

00.20.40.60.8

11.2

00.20.40.60.8

11.21.4Strömung

[m/s]

subadult

00.20.40.60.8

11.2

0 4 8Index

Habitat preferences

Water depth

Flow velocity

substratum

Suitability index SI

Water depthWater depth

Flow velocity Flow velocity

Substrate typeSubstrate type

Morphology/Hydraulics Habitat suitability

page 4

Preference curves and fuzzy logic

Wassertiefe

Strömung

Substrat

adult

00.20.40.60.8

11.2

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2Wassertiefe [m]

subadult

00.20.40.60.8

11.2

00.20.40.60.811.21.41.6Wassertiefe

[m]

adult

00.20.40.60.8

11.2

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4Strömung [m/s]

adult

00.20.40.60.8

11.2

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Index

subadult

00.20.40.60.8

11.2

00.20.40.60.8

11.21.4Strömung

[m/s]

subadult

00.20.40.60.8

11.2

Index

Classical preference approach

Morphology/Hydraulics Habitat suitabilityWater depthWater depth

Flow velocity Flow velocity

Substrate typeSubstrate type

Single elementd = 0,32 m v = 0,8 m/ssub = 5

SId=0,5

SIv=1,0

SIsub=0,4

1

I

ges ii

SI SI

1

I

ges ii

SI SI I

1/

1

II

ges ii

SI SI

1min , ,...,ges i i ISI SI SI SI

page 5

Preference curves and fuzzy logic

Total habitat suitability

Arithmetic mean

1

I

ges ii

SI SI I

1

I

ges ii

SI SI

Product Geometric mean

1/

1

II

ges ii

SI SI

page 6

CASiMiR Approach

Fuzzy sets and rules

Available Knowledge is imprecise (fuzzy), multivariate und rivertype specific

IF water depth „High“ AND substratum size „medium“

THEN Habitat suitability „High“

AND flow velocity „medium“

Flow velocity

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

0 0.4 0.8 1.2v [m/s]

Mem

bers

hip

degr

ee [-

]

0.5 m/s

small medium high

0.75

0.25

0.5 m/s belongs by 75% to „medium“; but also by 25% to „high“flow velocities

Fuzzy-sets can be adapted rivertype specifically

page 7

CASiMiR Approach

Wassertiefe

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

0 0.4 0.8 1.2h [m]

Zug

ehör

igke

it [-

]

KleinMittel

Groß

Wassertiefe

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

0 0.4 0.8 1.2h [m]

Zug

ehör

igke

it [-

]

KleinMittel

Groß

Strömung

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

0 0.4 0.8 1.2v [m/s]

Zug

ehör

igke

it [-

]

KleinMittelGroß

Strömung

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

0 0.4 0.8 1.2v [m/s]

Zug

ehör

igke

it [-

]

KleinMittelGroß

dom. Substrat

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9Substratindex

Zug

ehör

igke

it [-

]

Klein

Mittel

Groß

dom. Substrat

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9Substratindex

Zug

ehör

igke

it [-

]

Klein

Mittel

Groß

Habitateignung

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1Index

Zug

ehör

igke

it [-

]

Klein Mittel Groß Sehr GroßHabitateignung

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1Index

Zug

ehör

igke

it [-

]

Klein Mittel Groß Sehr Groß

Flow velocity Substratum size

Water depth Habitat sutability

Fuzzy sets and rules

page 8

CASiMiR Approach

CASiMiR approach

Water depth

Flow velocity

Substratum

Morphology/Hydraulics

high

low

medium

Habitat suitabilityExpert knowledge

IF Water depth „High“AND Flow velocity „Medium“AND Substratum size „High“THEN Suitability „Very High“

IF Water depth „Medium“AND Flow velocity „Medium“AND Substratum size „High“

THEN Suitability „High“

IF Water depth ....AND Flow velocity ......AND Substratum .........THEN Suitability ........

.

.

.

page 9

CASiMiR Applications

Flow regulation

• problem

- minimum flow for diversion type HPP

note:

env. 5500 HPP in Germany almost all rivers affected by hydropower

• methods - statistic flow based approaches (e.g. 1/3 MNQ)

- hydromorphologic thresholds (e.g. minimum flow velocities, minimum water depth)

- habitat modeling as decision support

page 10

CASiMiR Applications

Habitat suitability as criterionHabitat quality for brown trout (adult)

page 11

CASiMiR Applications

  adult subadult juvenile fry spawn

Flow rate with max WUA ~ 9000 l/s ~ 7000 l/s ~ 3000 l/s ~ 500 l/s ~ 9000 l/s

Flow rate with 50% of max WUA ~ 1800 l/s ~ 1800 l/s ~ 1000 l/s ~ 500 l/s ~ 3000 l/s

Integrated habitat suitability

Habitat availability [%] Areas of the same quality [m²]

page 12

CASiMiR Applications

 

3.0 3.03.5 3.5

1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8

3.0 3.0

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

Jan Feb Mrz Apr Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Nov Dez

Em

pfo

hle

ner

Min

des

tab

flu

ss [

m³/

s]

Period Minimum Instream Flow

1. Jan - 29. Feb 3,0 m³/s

1. Mrz - 30. Apr 3,5 m³/s

1. Mai - 31.Okt 1,8 m³/s

1.Nov - 31. Jan 3.0 m³/s

Adapted MIF regulation

Rec

omm

ende

d di

scha

rge

[m³/

s]

MIF depending on species (and life stages‘ requirements)

page 13

CASiMiR Applications

Morphologic enhancements

Morphologisch veränderte Situation

Äsche, adult

900 l/s

1700 l/s

2200 l/s

2700 l/s

Habitateignung

300 l/s

900 l/s

1700 l/s

2700 l/s

Suitability for grayling adult, river Murg (Black Forest)

page 14

New development: CASiMiR-GIS

CASIMiR-GIS

ArcGIS Toolbox (ESRI ArcGIS Desktop 9.3) for fuzzy-logicbased habitat modelling

page 15

New development: CASiMiR-GIS

Flexible fuzzy-logic calculation module combined with native ESRI ArcGIS functionalities

• Integration of additional parameters(e.g. substrate),

data transformation

• Visualisation and reporting

• Data analysis

• Model Builder

CASIMiR-GIS features

page 16

Conclusions

• CASiMiR approach includes impreciseness of ecological knowledge and allows to account for interaction of habitat parameters

• Easy to understand and close to ecological reasoning approach

• Wide spectrum of applications: MIF, river restoration, effects of hydropeaking

• CASiMiR-GIS offers high flexibility in parameter definition

• Habitat modelling helps to find a compromise between economic needs and ecological functionality

page 17

Base versions of habitat and hydropower models free for download

Website www.casimir-software.deand SHARE-website