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Schooling Homeless Schooling Homeless ChildrenChildren
A Working Model for A Working Model for America’s Public SchoolsAmerica’s Public Schools
Maslow’s Hierarchy Maslow’s Hierarchy
Maslow’s Hierarchy Maslow’s Hierarchy
Physiological – basic requisite needs for existence: air, Physiological – basic requisite needs for existence: air, food, water, sleep, shelter food, water, sleep, shelter
Safety & Security – safety of the self, property and health, Safety & Security – safety of the self, property and health, security of family, employment security of family, employment
Belonging & Love – social needs such as acceptance and Belonging & Love – social needs such as acceptance and fitting into groups (be they interest, political, religious fitting into groups (be they interest, political, religious etc) and love needs such as family, friendships, etc) and love needs such as family, friendships, relationships and physical intimacy relationships and physical intimacy
Esteem – the need to feel achievement and self worth; Esteem – the need to feel achievement and self worth; further, recognition, approval and respect from others further, recognition, approval and respect from others
Cognitive & Aesthetic – encompasses the intellectual Cognitive & Aesthetic – encompasses the intellectual need for knowledge, understanding, morality and justice; need for knowledge, understanding, morality and justice; and the aesthetic needs of beauty and balance and the aesthetic needs of beauty and balance
Self-Actualization – need to reach one’s full potential and Self-Actualization – need to reach one’s full potential and attain a state of heightened awareness of reality attain a state of heightened awareness of reality
It Takes a Village It Takes a Village
Schooling the HomelessSchooling the Homeless
Author Sharon QuintAuthor Sharon Quint About the schoolAbout the school
Benjamin Franklin Day School was built Benjamin Franklin Day School was built in 1892 in Seattle. in 1892 in Seattle.
A school dividedA school divided Excerpt from page 3Excerpt from page 3
School Breakdown in 1988:School Breakdown in 1988:
Approximately 350 students Approximately 350 students 175 from single parent homes 175 from single parent homes 140 were considered low income 140 were considered low income 100 were living in housing projects 100 were living in housing projects
transitional housing or emergency shelters transitional housing or emergency shelters 50 were at high risk for failure and 50 were at high risk for failure and 25 were being monitored by the state for 25 were being monitored by the state for
abuse and neglect abuse and neglect
The Need for ChangeThe Need for Change
Three suicide attempts in 18 months.Three suicide attempts in 18 months.
The hopelessness of her students leads The hopelessness of her students leads Principal Williams to seek change Principal Williams to seek change
and help for her community. and help for her community.
In The BeginningIn The Beginning
Principal Carole Williams commits to Principal Carole Williams commits to
changechange
Approaches teachers Approaches teachers
Articulates a visionArticulates a vision
The TeachersThe Teachers
Visit in the neighborhood Visit in the neighborhood
Grant funds / Release time created Grant funds / Release time created
for teacher dialoguesfor teacher dialogues
Mentor positionsMentor positions
Time added to school dayTime added to school day
Affiliation With Social Service Affiliation With Social Service AgencyAgency
Atlantic Street CenterAtlantic Street Center
Joe Garcia—key figure in change processJoe Garcia—key figure in change process
Connection with community resourcesConnection with community resources
Mercer Island Methodist ChurchMercer Island Methodist Church
Whatever is neededWhatever is needed
Connection With UWConnection With UW
C-STARSC-STARS Grant proposal to United WayGrant proposal to United Way KOOL-ISKOOL-IS
Kids Organized On Learning In SchoolKids Organized On Learning In School External consultants and change External consultants and change
facilitatorsfacilitators
FundingFunding
United Way Donation of $48,000, United Way Donation of $48,000, including $12,000 for housingincluding $12,000 for housing
School District expands program to School District expands program to other sitesother sites
$249,000 from McKinney Act funds for $249,000 from McKinney Act funds for seven homeless sites, including B.F. Dayseven homeless sites, including B.F. Day
Support from Boeing and other donorsSupport from Boeing and other donors
Snowball EffectSnowball Effect
Volunteer from Boeing Volunteer from Boeing
Tutorial program for homeless studentsTutorial program for homeless students
Schoolyard monitorsSchoolyard monitors
Business cards for teachersBusiness cards for teachers
Food for kids in school and to take homeFood for kids in school and to take home
Building Management TeamBuilding Management Team
The Site CouncilThe Site Council
5 year plan5 year plan
School structure – Family School structure – Family
Organization Organization
Pro-social orientation Pro-social orientation
I Am Not A Case Number! I Am I Am Not A Case Number! I Am A Mother With Children!A Mother With Children!
Pro-social attitude led to the Pro-social attitude led to the
development of trusting relationships development of trusting relationships
Trust led to greater self-esteem and Trust led to greater self-esteem and
the increase of responsibilitythe increase of responsibility
Parents as PartnersParents as Partners
Parent Involvement:Parent Involvement: Bus monitorBus monitor School librarySchool library LunchroomLunchroom Transition roomTransition room PlaygroundPlayground
Benefits of parent Benefits of parent involvement:involvement:
Increased opportunity for teachers Increased opportunity for teachers and parents to become better and parents to become better acquaintedacquainted
Parent involvement has a positive Parent involvement has a positive influence on student progress and influence on student progress and developmentdevelopment
Parents connect with other families Parents connect with other families in similar situations and they support in similar situations and they support each othereach other
Change TheoryChange Theory
Challenges To EducatorsChallenges To Educators
For Homeless Children, Schools For Homeless Children, Schools Face The Following Challenges: Face The Following Challenges: Keeping the child in one, or a Keeping the child in one, or a
minimum number of, school(s) minimum number of, school(s) Ensuring that the child's health Ensuring that the child's health
records are obtainedrecords are obtained Keeping all the child's records intactKeeping all the child's records intact Providing a quiet time to allow the Providing a quiet time to allow the
child to do homework child to do homework Providing transportation Providing transportation
In Certain Situations Schools In Certain Situations Schools May Also Need To Provide:May Also Need To Provide:
Help In Obtaining Access To Help In Obtaining Access To Laundries Laundries
Clean ClothingClean Clothing Special EducationSpecial Education Gifted EducationGifted Education CounselingCounseling
Solutions for EducatorsSolutions for Educators
Follow the guidelines of the McKinney act Follow the guidelines of the McKinney act Eliminate obstacles to student enrollment Eliminate obstacles to student enrollment Students should receive the help they Students should receive the help they
need to obtain any required immunizations need to obtain any required immunizations Arrangements can be made to provide Arrangements can be made to provide
immunizations on-site as necessary immunizations on-site as necessary Residency, guardianship, or other Residency, guardianship, or other
requirements, can be waived or altered requirements, can be waived or altered depending on the student's situation depending on the student's situation
Helping Homeless Children Helping Homeless Children Succeed In Their EducationSucceed In Their Education
Coordinating social services for homeless childrenCoordinating social services for homeless children Educating children about homelessness and Educating children about homelessness and
encouraging empathy encouraging empathy Providing counseling for both the homeless and Providing counseling for both the homeless and
their classmates their classmates Providing a place for children to go between the Providing a place for children to go between the
time school closes and the time the shelter openstime school closes and the time the shelter opens Providing housing specialists who will work with Providing housing specialists who will work with
shelters in order to improve children's housingshelters in order to improve children's housing Using a computerized tracking system to Using a computerized tracking system to
coordinate homeless children's recordscoordinate homeless children's records
Transitional SchoolsTransitional Schools
Offer homeless children "intensive and Offer homeless children "intensive and individualized care for a short time," after individualized care for a short time," after which the children are mainstreamed into which the children are mainstreamed into regular schools (Portner, 1992). regular schools (Portner, 1992).
Advocates of this approach maintain that it Advocates of this approach maintain that it gives homeless children the chance to receive gives homeless children the chance to receive individual instruction in an atmosphere that is individual instruction in an atmosphere that is "psychologically safe" (Portner, 1992). "psychologically safe" (Portner, 1992).
Critics fear that specialized schools may Critics fear that specialized schools may actually increase the stigmatization of actually increase the stigmatization of homeless children. homeless children.
Case Management Case Management ApproachApproach
A Case Manager Works To A Case Manager Works To Coordinate: Coordinate: School Staff School Staff Counselors Counselors Shelter Workers Shelter Workers Health Care ServicesHealth Care Services Family Support Services Family Support Services
A Case Manager:A Case Manager:
May Help Negotiate Requirements Of May Help Negotiate Requirements Of Service AgenciesService Agencies
May Arrange For Needed Services To Be May Arrange For Needed Services To Be Provided Provided
Provide Parents With Access To Provide Parents With Access To Health ResourcesHealth Resources Housing ResourcesHousing Resources Counseling ResourcesCounseling Resources
May Be A Social Worker Hired On A Full-May Be A Social Worker Hired On A Full-time Basistime Basis
Seattle's B.F. Day Elementary Seattle's B.F. Day Elementary School features:School features:
A Transitional SchoolA Transitional School First PlaceFirst Place A Case Management ApproachA Case Management Approach
Kids Organized On Learning In School Kids Organized On Learning In School (KOOL-IS). (KOOL-IS).
How Do These Solutions Tie To How Do These Solutions Tie To Community?Community?
ValuesValues MoralsMorals Ownership Ownership
CommunityCommunity BusinessBusiness HomeHome NeighborhoodNeighborhood
PridePride InvolvementInvolvement
How Does Community Tie To How Does Community Tie To The School?The School?
Substantial ContributionsSubstantial Contributions Financial Aid Financial Aid Business & Employee Involvement Business & Employee Involvement
Adobe SystemsAdobe Systems Getty ImagesGetty Images Fremont Arts Council Fremont Arts Council GoogleGoogle
Recent Funding Problems In Recent Funding Problems In The Seattle School DistrictThe Seattle School District
In 2006, 42.5% free and reduced lunchIn 2006, 42.5% free and reduced lunch Fundraising efforts by the Fundraising efforts by the P.T.A.P.T.A.
AuctionAuction Family PicnicFamily Picnic Village ProjectVillage Project
““With caring, and sharing, and With caring, and sharing, and lending a hand, we all form a lending a hand, we all form a
family across the land ... Come family across the land ... Come visit and you will see!” visit and you will see!”
