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Scientific Method Scientific Method What is the Scientific Method? What is the Scientific Method? Steps to Solving a problem Steps to Solving a problem 1. 1. Observe a Problem Observe a Problem 2. 2. Research the Problem Research the Problem 3. 3. Experiment Experiment 4. 4. Collect Data Collect Data 5. 5. Draw a Conclusion Draw a Conclusion

Scientific Method What is the Scientific Method? What is the Scientific Method? –Steps to Solving a problem 1.Observe a Problem 2.Research the Problem

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Page 1: Scientific Method What is the Scientific Method? What is the Scientific Method? –Steps to Solving a problem 1.Observe a Problem 2.Research the Problem

Scientific MethodScientific Method

What is the Scientific Method?What is the Scientific Method?– Steps to Solving a problemSteps to Solving a problem

1.1. Observe a ProblemObserve a Problem

2.2. Research the ProblemResearch the Problem

3.3. ExperimentExperiment

4.4. Collect DataCollect Data

5.5. Draw a ConclusionDraw a Conclusion

Page 2: Scientific Method What is the Scientific Method? What is the Scientific Method? –Steps to Solving a problem 1.Observe a Problem 2.Research the Problem

Define/State the ProblemDefine/State the Problem

Based on ObservationsBased on Observations Include your 5 senses: Include your 5 senses:

Touch,smell,taste,sight,hearTouch,smell,taste,sight,hear

Page 3: Scientific Method What is the Scientific Method? What is the Scientific Method? –Steps to Solving a problem 1.Observe a Problem 2.Research the Problem

HypothesisHypothesis

Educated Guess Educated Guess Based on Observations, Inferences, Based on Observations, Inferences,

and Previous knowledgeand Previous knowledge A hypothesis is written BEFORE the A hypothesis is written BEFORE the

experiment!experiment!

Page 4: Scientific Method What is the Scientific Method? What is the Scientific Method? –Steps to Solving a problem 1.Observe a Problem 2.Research the Problem

ExperimentExperiment

Control Group: Part of experiment Control Group: Part of experiment that is not changed! All conditions that is not changed! All conditions are kept the sameare kept the same

Experimental Group: All conditions Experimental Group: All conditions kept the same except one condition!kept the same except one condition!

Page 5: Scientific Method What is the Scientific Method? What is the Scientific Method? –Steps to Solving a problem 1.Observe a Problem 2.Research the Problem

ExperimentExperiment

Variable: the 1 condition that is Variable: the 1 condition that is changed!changed!

There is only 1 variable in an There is only 1 variable in an experiment!experiment!

Page 6: Scientific Method What is the Scientific Method? What is the Scientific Method? –Steps to Solving a problem 1.Observe a Problem 2.Research the Problem

DataData

Dependant Variable: Condition that Dependant Variable: Condition that results from the independent results from the independent variable.variable.

Independent Variable: The condition Independent Variable: The condition that is changed. Variable that affects that is changed. Variable that affects the outcome of the experiment.the outcome of the experiment.

Example: Rainfall - monthExample: Rainfall - month

Page 7: Scientific Method What is the Scientific Method? What is the Scientific Method? –Steps to Solving a problem 1.Observe a Problem 2.Research the Problem

ConclusionConclusion

Collect Data to prove or disprove Collect Data to prove or disprove your hypothesis. your hypothesis.

Graph or TablesGraph or Tables If positive result – repeatIf positive result – repeat If negative result – make new If negative result – make new

hypothesis and test over.hypothesis and test over.

Page 8: Scientific Method What is the Scientific Method? What is the Scientific Method? –Steps to Solving a problem 1.Observe a Problem 2.Research the Problem

Theory/LawTheory/Law

Theory: Well tested hypothesisTheory: Well tested hypothesis

Law: FactLaw: Fact

When does a hypothesis become a When does a hypothesis become a theory? When it is proven many theory? When it is proven many times.times.

Page 9: Scientific Method What is the Scientific Method? What is the Scientific Method? –Steps to Solving a problem 1.Observe a Problem 2.Research the Problem

Popcorn ProblemPopcorn Problem

Alice accidentally put the jar of Alice accidentally put the jar of popcorn kernels in the freezer. She popcorn kernels in the freezer. She usually keeps the kernels at room usually keeps the kernels at room temperature. Alice observed that temperature. Alice observed that when she popped the frozed popcorn when she popped the frozed popcorn kernels, they seemed to pop more kernels, they seemed to pop more popcorn.popcorn.

Page 10: Scientific Method What is the Scientific Method? What is the Scientific Method? –Steps to Solving a problem 1.Observe a Problem 2.Research the Problem

Popcorn ProblemPopcorn Problem

State the problem:State the problem:

Does frozen popcorn pop more?Does frozen popcorn pop more? What was the observation made?What was the observation made?

Frozen popcorn seemed to pop more.Frozen popcorn seemed to pop more. Form a Hypothesis:Form a Hypothesis:

If you freeze popcorn then the popcorn If you freeze popcorn then the popcorn will pop more.will pop more.

Page 11: Scientific Method What is the Scientific Method? What is the Scientific Method? –Steps to Solving a problem 1.Observe a Problem 2.Research the Problem

Popcorn ProblemPopcorn Problem

Control: Control:

Popcorn at room temp.Popcorn at room temp. VariableVariable

Popcorn in the freezerPopcorn in the freezer Constants:Constants:

Same popcorn, same amount of time, Same popcorn, same amount of time, same amount of popcorn, exp. Date, same amount of popcorn, exp. Date, temp.temp.

Page 12: Scientific Method What is the Scientific Method? What is the Scientific Method? –Steps to Solving a problem 1.Observe a Problem 2.Research the Problem

Popcorn ProblemPopcorn Problem

Data:Data: TrialTrial # of kernels # of kernels popped @ popped @ room temproom temp

@ of kernels @ of kernels popped in popped in freezerfreezer

11 123123 129129

22 115115 126126

33 120120 135135

44 125125 140140

55 130130 144144

Page 13: Scientific Method What is the Scientific Method? What is the Scientific Method? –Steps to Solving a problem 1.Observe a Problem 2.Research the Problem

Popcorn ProblemPopcorn Problem

How could we show our data in How could we show our data in picture form?picture form?

Dependant Variable?Dependant Variable?

Amount PoppedAmount Popped Independent Variable?Independent Variable?

Frozen PopcornFrozen Popcorn

Page 14: Scientific Method What is the Scientific Method? What is the Scientific Method? –Steps to Solving a problem 1.Observe a Problem 2.Research the Problem

123123 129129

115115 126126

120120 135135

125125 140140

130130 144144

Page 15: Scientific Method What is the Scientific Method? What is the Scientific Method? –Steps to Solving a problem 1.Observe a Problem 2.Research the Problem

Popcorn ProblemPopcorn Problem

Conclusion:Conclusion:

Frozen Popcorn pops more than Frozen Popcorn pops more than popcorn at room temperature!popcorn at room temperature!