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Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

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Page 1: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

Seattle Monitoring SurveyFindings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey

September 2013

Page 2: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

2© Anzalone Liszt Grove Research

Purpose of research

Commissioned by federal monitoring team to:

oEvaluate community perceptions of Seattle police

oGauge prevalence of community-police interactions

oUnderstand the nature of those interactions

Focus on measuring incidence of racial profiling,

excessive force

Input from CPC, DOJ, City of Seattle on survey design,

methodology

Page 3: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

3© Anzalone Liszt Grove Research

Methodology

900 live interviews—45% cell phone, 55% landline

o61% of respondents were cell only (39%) or cell

mostly (22%), matching latest federal findings on

population

Survey conducted among adults 18+ living in Seattle

Interviews apportioned geographically by police precinct

as well as race, age other demographics to match city

population

Margin of error: +3.3% at 95% confidence level

Page 4: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

KEY FINDINGS

Page 5: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

5© Anzalone Liszt Grove Research

Key Findings

The 60% majority of Seattleites that approve of the job the Seattle

Police Department (SPD) is doing hides underlying problems.

Only 35% of people agree SPD treats people of all races equally

oOne-third or less believe the police treat African-Americans (32%),

Latinos (33%), and Native Americans (33%) the same as others

oLess than half of Seattleites believe the police treat young people

(45%), homeless people (25%) the same as others

45% of Seattleites say SPD uses excessive force very/somewhat

often, including 70% of African-Americans and 62% of Latinos

Page 6: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

6© Anzalone Liszt Grove Research

Key Findings

African-Americans and Latinos who interact with police have

worse experience with the police than people of other races.

oOnly 44% approve of the way their most serious interaction was

handled, compared with 77% of whites

oFully 26% say the officer used physical force other than

handcuffing, compared to 5% of whites

These groups’ perceived/actual mistreatment leads to negative

views of SPD, so improving officer-citizen contacts is a must to

improve community relations. When a friend, family member, or

neighbor has a bad interaction, it bleeds into overall perceptions.

Future research is needed to reassess the problem and delve

deeper into its nature (qualitative, quantitative)

Page 7: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

OVERALL ATTITUDES TOWARDS SPD

Page 8: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

8

Majority have Positive Opinion of SPD A majority of Seattleites approve of the job SPD does, and it gets strong marks on keeping people safe, “serving my neighborhood,” and quickly solving crimes and arresting criminals

Quickly solving crimes & arresting criminals

Serving my neighborhood

Keeping people safe

Overall job

0 20 40 60 80 100

20

22

20

34

63

72

74

60

Positive Negative

© Anzalone Liszt Grove Research

Page 9: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

9© Anzalone Liszt Grove Research

SPD -

WSP

Total Blacks Latinos Whites Asians0

20

40

60

80

100

60

4954

6067

74 73 75 75 72

SPD WSP

With that said, SPD’s ratings are lower than the Washington State Patrol’s. This is due to sharply lower marks among Latinos and African-Americans for SPD.

Total Approval

Racial differences cause SPD to be rated lower than Washington State Patrol

-14 -24 -21 -15 -5

Page 10: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

10© Anzalone Liszt Grove Research

Total Blacks Latinos Whites Asians0

20

40

60

2017 17 17

32

14

27 29

12 10

Strongly Approve Strongly Disapprove

In addition to being less satisfied overall than other groups, Latinos and African-Americans are much more intensely negative than other groups towards SPD.

Latinos, African-Americans more intensely negative

Do you approve or disapprove of the job the Seattle Police Department is doing?

Page 11: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

PERCEPTIONS OF SPD DISCRIMINATION

Page 12: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

12

Few think SPD treats all people equally Only about one third of people think SPD treats people of all races equally. Regression analysis shows this to be the most predictive factor of people’s overall approval of SPD. Few think SPD treats Latinos, African-Americans, Native Americans, and the homeless equal.

SPD treats homeless people the same as others

SPD treats Native Americans the same as others

SPD treats Latinos the same as others

SPD treats African-Americans the same as others

SPD treats all races equally

0 20 40 60

59

48

49

54

48

25

33

33

32

35

Agree Disagree

© Anzalone Liszt Grove Research

Page 13: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

13© Anzalone Liszt Grove Research

African-Americans, Latinos perceive the highest levels of discrimination among SPD

Total Blacks Latinos Whites Asians0

20

40

60

80

100

35 3529 31

4248

6457

50

36

Agree Disagree

The Seattle Police treat people of all races and ethnicities equally

Page 14: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

14

Results more mixed on young, Asian-AmericansA slim majority of people thinks the department treats Asian-Americans the same as everyone else, and a plurality thinks SPD treats young people the same as others.

SPD treats Asian and Pacific Is-landers the same as others

SPD treats young people the same as others

0 20 40 60

24

39

56

45

Agree Disagree

© Anzalone Liszt Grove Research

Page 15: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

PERCEIVED HARASSMENTEXCESSIVE FORCE

Page 16: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

16© Anzalone Liszt Grove Research

Widespread perception of excessive force Almost half (45%) of people believe SPD uses excessive force very often or somewhat often. This includes majorities among African-Americans and Latinos.

How often you think Seattle Police Department officers use excessive physical force – very often, somewhat often, not that often, or almost never?

Total Blacks Latinos Whites Asians0

20

40

60

80

13

41

30

8 8

32

30

32

3523

Very often Somewhat often

45

62

43

70

31

Page 17: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

17

Excessive force rates higher than other problems After excessive force (45%) about a third of citizens say they are verbally abused, stopped without good reason. These rates jumped to 45-63% with minorities.

Use racial slurs towards minorities

Stop people on the street without good reason

Stop people in cars without good reason

Use verbally abusive language

Uses excessive force

0 20 40 60

7

8

9

9

13

19

24

23

24

32

Very often Somewhat often

© Anzalone Liszt Grove Research

33

32

32

26

45

Page 18: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

WHO IS GETTING STOPPED BY THE POLICE?

Page 19: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

19© Anzalone Liszt Grove Research

Traffic-related Non-traffic related0

20

40

60

80

100

77

40

Almost 25% of Seattleites interacted with police last year The number of interactions jumps to 40% when a family member or friend is included. The majority of these interactions are traffic-related.

Yes, self Yes, other Total Yes0

20

40

60

23 25

39

Have you, or a close family member, friend or neighbor, interacted with the Seattle Police

Department in the last year?

Of those who interacted with police

Page 20: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

20© Anzalone Liszt Grove Research

Traffic interactions vary heavily by race Whites are the least likely to have experienced a traffic stop. African-Americans have been stopped three times as much, and Asian-Americans and Latinos have been stopped two times as much.

Total Blacks Latinos Asians Whites0

20

40

60

18

38

2320

13

% reporting traffic related police interaction

Page 21: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

21© Anzalone Liszt Grove Research

Non-traffic interactions are even more racially dependent African-Americans and Latinos are about three times more likely than whites to have experienced a non-traffic stop in Seattle.

Total Blacks Latinos Whites Asians0

20

40

9

19 20

74

% reporting non-traffic related police interaction

Page 22: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

22© Anzalone Liszt Grove Research

Non-traffic stops vary by age, precinct Non-traffic stops happen slightly more often to young people and people in the South/Southwest precincts.

Total 18-34 35+ Southwest South North0

20

40

912

7

1311

7

% reporting non-traffic related police interaction

Page 23: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

23© Anzalone Liszt Grove Research

Type of non-traffic interactions These non-traffic-stop interactions are about evenly split between being people being stopped walking in their neighborhood, being stopped walking outside their neighborhood, and being involuntarily questioned by police

Walking outside neigh-borhood

Walking in neighborhood Questioned by police at home

0

20

40

60

80

52

60

45

Yes, interacted with police (self) – Among people who had non-traffic interaction

Page 24: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

EXPERIENCES OF THOSE STOPPED

Page 25: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

25© Anzalone Liszt Grove Research

Total Traffic related Non-traffic related0

20

40

60

80

100

65 67

47

34 32

53

Approve Disapprove

Big differences in traffic, non-traffic interactionsA majority of people (52%) who experienced a non-traffic-related stop disapprove of their interaction, while a majority who experience a traffic-related stop approve (67%). Traffic stops make up the majority of overall stops.

Overall, do you approve or disapprove of how the Seattle Police handled your situation?

Page 26: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

26© Anzalone Liszt Grove Research

People in non-traffic stops more likely to report problems

People in non-traffic stops were more likely to say police:

oWere verbally abusive (37% non-traffic / 15% traffic)

oUsed physical force other than handcuffing (19% non-traffic / 9%

traffic)

oThreatened to use physical force (26% non-traffic / 10% traffic)

And were less likely to say the police:

oAnswered all their questions (48% non-traffic / 73% traffic)

oStopped them for a reasonable amount of time (50% non-traffic /

68% traffic)

oExplained the reason they were stopped (47% non-traffic / 75%

traffic)

oTreated them respectfully (54% non-traffic / 76% traffic)

Page 27: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

27© Anzalone Liszt Grove Research

Total Blacks/Latinos Whites0

20

40

60

80

100

65

45

77

3442

22

Approve Disapprove

Latinos, African-Americans had more negative interactions These groups had far more negative interactions than whites, regardless of whether they were stopped for traffic or non-traffic reasons.

Overall, do you approve or disapprove of how the Seattle Police handled your situation?

Page 28: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

28© Anzalone Liszt Grove Research

African-Americans + Latinos more likely to report problems

African-Americans and Latinos are more likely than whites to say that the

police:

Were verbally abusive (31% AA + Latino / 3% white)

Used physical force other than handcuffing (26% AA + Latino / 5%

white)

Threatened to use physical force other than handcuffing (30% AA +

Latino / 3% white)

They also are less likely to say the police:

Answered all their questions (56% AA + Latino / 77% white)

Stopped them for a reasonable amount of time (48% AA + Latino / 76%

white)

Treated them respectfully (54% AA + Latino / 81% white)

Page 29: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

29© Anzalone Liszt Grove Research

Formal complaint filings a small percentage of negative interactions Few of the people who had negative experiences with the SPD filed a complaint, so these do not fully capture the negative experiences of people. Even among people who strongly disapproved with their interaction, only about a third filed a formal complaint.

0

20

40

60

11

22

34

% of formal complaints among those who had a police interaction

Page 30: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

EFFECTS OF DISPARITIES IN TREATMENT

Page 31: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

31© Anzalone Liszt Grove Research

Negative experiences reverberate around community

38% of people say they get a large amount of information about

SPD by word of mouth, including 54% of African-Americans.

Most whites approve of how SPD treated someone they know

who interacted with SPD (65% approve / 30% disapprove), but

Latinos and African-Americans broadly disapprove of how SPD

treated someone they know (30% approve / 65% disapprove).

Negative treatment has a “multiplier effect,” where negative

experiences with SPD affect much more than just the person

who had the experience.

Page 32: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

32

“Multiplier effect” for bad interactions People of all racial groups are 3-15 times more likely to know someone who says they’ve experienced racially different treatment or excessive force than to have experienced it themselves

© Anzalone Liszt Grove Research

  All AdultsAfrican-

AmericansLatinos Whites

Asian-Americans

Experienced racially different treatment (self) 4% 16% 17% 1% 5%

Experienced racially different treatment (someone you know)

21% 36% 41% 17% 16%

Experienced excessive force (self) 1% 5% 9% 0% 0%

Experienced excessive force (someone you know) 8% 17% 28% 5% 5%

Page 33: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

SUMMARY

Page 34: Seattle Monitoring Survey Findings and Recommendations from Monitoring Survey September 2013

34© Anzalone Liszt Grove Research

Summary

The overall job rating of SPD hides underlying issues.

Few people think SPD treats people of all races equally,

and many people think the police uses excessive force at

least somewhat often

This is having a negative effect on SPD and dragging

overall opinions of it down

Future research should attempt to understand community-

police interactions better—good and bad interactions—and

figure out what separates one from the other