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Arduino and sensors for water level, soil moisture, temperature & relative humidity for application in the ClimaAdapt Project areas - Nagarjuna Sagar Project Left and Right Canals in the States of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh for water use efficiency - Canal and On Farm
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Design & Development of Water Monitoring Systems
Under the guidance of
Dr. N. Sai Bhaskar Reddy,
Coordinator, ClimaAdapt Project, WALAMTARI
Presented By: N.Shiva K.Sathish S.Mahammad D.NavyaS.Chandi Priya Darshini
Summer Internship for RGUKT Students during 26-05-2014 to 19-07-2014
Objectives:
What is system and different components in the system
Water depth measurement system
Soil moisture measurement system
Temperature and humidity measurement system
Power supply
Limitations
Challenges
• Future work
References
What is a system?
A system is a set of interacting or interdependent components forming an integrated whole or a set of elements (often called 'components' ) and relationships which are different from relationships of the set or its elements to other elements or sets.
Each element in the system is called “component”.Every system is having following components
1) Input2) Processor3) Transmitter4) Output
Block Diagram of System
ProcessorInput Transmission Output
Inputs (Sensors)
Contact sensors Soil moisture sensor
Temperature and humidity sensor
Pressure sensor
Non-Contact sensors Ultrasonic sensor
Doppler sensor
Optical sensor
Processing
Arduino
Micro Controller
An open source platform, easy to use software and hardware
54 digital input and output pins
14 analog input pins
16 MHz crystal oscillator
Serial communication is possible because of Tx , Rx pins
Flash memory of 256 KB
SRAM of 8 KB
EEPROM of 4 KB
Recommended voltage 7V-12V
Arduino over microcontrollers :
Inexpensive
Cross-platform
Simple programming environment
Transfering Mechanisms
Wired Cable
Wireless Bluetooth
GSM/GPRS
Wifi
Output
• SMS
• Image
• Video
• Light
• Sound
• Display
Input Processor Transmission Output
oContact• Pressure• Capacitance• Bubbler• Soil moisture
sensor
oNon contact
• Ultrasonic• Doppler• Optical
oMCU
oArduino
oWired• Cable
oWireless• Bluetooth• GSM/GPRS• Wifi
Overview
•SMS•Sound•Light•Image•Display
Display
Soil Moisture Measurement System(CLICK v1.0)
Soil moisture sensor Arduino
Circuit and program
SMS
Soil Moisture Measurement System(CLICK 2.0 )
Soil moisture sensor Arduino Mega GSM modem- SIM900
Circuit and Program
Soil Moisture Measurement System(CLICK v3.0)
Soil moisture sensor Arduino LEDs
Circuit and program
Display
Water Depth Measurement System (TWEET v1.0)
Ultrasonic sensor HC- SR04 Arduino Mega
Circuit and program
SMS
Water Depth Measurement (TWEET v2.0)
Ultrasonic sensor HC- SR04
Arduino Mega GSM-SIM900
Circuit and program
Display
Temperature and Humidity Measurement System
DHT11 sensor Arduino
Circuit and program
SMS
Temperature and Humidity Measurement System
DHT11 sensor Arduino Mega GSM modem- SIM900
Circuit and program
Power Analysis
1) Non rechargeable batteries
2) Rechargeable batteries
Electrically rechargeable
Solar panels
9V non rechargeable battery12V electrically rechargeable battery
Installation in real time
Observations & Conclusions
Robust covering should be provided.
Graphical data transmission such as MMS is not possible with Arduino, Arduino compatible cameras are not adequately available in the market.
Areas at which signal strength is less, power consumption by the system is more to send data as SMS. To overcome this problem one should go for the networks which are having high signal strength.
Ultrasonic sensor should not be installed near the bank, as water near the bank may not be stable at all the times.
Limitations
Range of ultrasonic sensor is 3 m only.
Ultrasonic sensor can not be used, if it is to be implemented in the stilling well because of the reason that sentry angle is 15 degrees only.
If flow is not smooth, measurement may not be accurate.
Future work
To install the device in the field, it is better to use solar energy.
To reduce the power consumption,use logical devices to activate the system only at required times and system should be idle for remaining.
Automation of the gates if device installed at the reservoirs, automation of the motors if the device installed in the farming fields.
Incorporate the exhaust fan in the device as heat sink, to protect the device from heat.
To send images use Raspberry pi.
Bibliography
1.Programming http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/HomePage
2. Arduino mega 2560 pin mapping diagram-http://arduino.cc/en/Hacking/PinMapping2560
3. Arduino mega 2560 schematic diagramhttp://arduino.cc/en/uploads/Main/arduino-mega2560_R3-sch.pdf
4.LCD display image
http://www.engineersgarage.com/electronic-components/16x2-lcd-module-datasheet
Acknowledgement
We wish to express our deep sense of gratitude from the bottom of our heart to our guide Dr.N.Sai Bhaskar Reddy, Coordinator, ClimaAdapt for his motivating discussions, overwhelming suggestions, ingenious encouragement and advice, invaluable supervision, exemplary guidance throughout this project.
We would like to extend our heartful thanks to Sri L.Narayana Reddy, Director General, WALAMTARI and Engineer-in-Chief, I & CAD Dept., for giving this great opportunity of taking intern at WALAMTARI.
We are immensely grateful to our Vice Chancellor Prof.R V Raja Kumar for his support in undertaking internship in I & CAD Department.
We are also thankful to Mr.Kiran, Data Processing Officer, Miss.A.Sravanthi, Water Manager and Mr.Pranith for their constant backing in all aspects of this project.
