Separate and Unequal: Palestinian under Israeli Occupation

H U M A N

R I G H T S

W A T C H

Israel/Occupied Palestinian Territories

Separate and UnequalIsrael’s Discriminatory Treatment of Palestinians in the Occupied Palestinian Territories

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H U M A N

R I G H T S

W A T C H

Separate and UnequalIsrael’s Discriminatory Treatment of Palestinians in the Occupied Palestinian Territories

Israel’s settlements in the occupied West Bank, including East Jerusalem, are widely viewed as illegal underinternational humanitarian law, which prohibits the occupying power from transferring its civilian population intothe territories it occupies. This report focuses on the less-discussed aspect of Israeli laws and policies in the WestBank that discriminate against the Palestinian population in favor of settlers.

Based on case studies that compare Israeli settlements with next-door Palestinian communities in six areas of theWest Bank, this report shows that Israel operates a two-tier system for the two populations in areas under itsexclusive control--“Area C” and East Jerusalem; it provides preferential services, development and benefits forJewish settlers, while imposing harsh conditions on Palestinians. The report highlights Israeli practices the onlydiscernable purposes of which appear to be promoting life in the settlements while in many instances stiflinggrowth in Palestinian communities and even forcibly displacing Palestinian residents.

Israeli policies control many aspects of the day-to-day life of Palestinians who live in Area C and East Jerusalem.Those policies often have no conceivable security justification for the harms they cause – such as denying accessto electricity, water and roads, rejecting building permit applications for houses, schools, clinics andinfrastructure, and demolishing homes and even entire communities.

By contrast, Israeli policies, such as substantial government financial incentives, promote Jewish settlements andencourage them to expand in “Area C” of the West Bank and East Jerusalem, often using land and other resourcesthat are effectively barred to Palestinians. In some cases, Israel’s discriminatory policies have forcibly displacedPalestinians from the same areas where settlements have encroached.

Such different treatment, on the basis of race, ethnicity and national origin and not narrowly tailored to meetgenuine security or other legitimate goals, is not justifiable and therefore violates the fundamental prohibitionagainst discrimination under human rights law.

The report calls on Israel to cease its discriminatory practices immediately, quite apart from its independent legalobligation to cease its support for settlements and to remove settlers from the West Bank. The report also callson other countries and businesses to avoid supporting Israeli settlement policies that are inherently discrimi-natory and violate international law.

Palestinian Bedouin school children walk towardstheir tents on September 15, 2010 at their Bedouincamp outside the Israeli West Bank settlement ofMa'ale Adumin. Israel does not recognize theBedouins’ property claims and has demolishedhomes and schools in the area.

© 2010 ABBAS MOMANI/AFP/Getty Images

Documents

Separate and Unequal: Palestinian under Israeli Occupation