232
Promotion of Renewable Energy Technologies Action Plan for the Development of the Market in Thailand Conclusion Report on the Renewable Energy Development (RED) Model Seminar and Workshop for Thailand 8 -9 September 2005 Prince Palace Hotel, Bangkok The Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency (DEDE) The Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA)

September 2005 Workshop Report

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: September 2005 Workshop Report

Promotion of Renewable Energy Technologies Action Plan for the Development of the Market in Thailand

Conclusion Report on the Renewable Energy Development (RED)

Model Seminar and Workshop for Thailand

8 -9 September 2005

Prince Palace Hotel, Bangkok

The Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency (DEDE)

The Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA)

Page 2: September 2005 Workshop Report

8th – 9th September 2005 Workshop on the Renewable Energy Development (RED) Model in Thailand

Workshop Organizers

1. Mrs. Siriporn Sailasuta Project Director

2. Dr. Boonrod Sajjakulnukit Project Coordinator

3. Dr. Natthapong Ngampradit Project Coordinator Assistant

4. Mr. Frands Jepsen Chief Technical Advisor

5. Mr. Lars Møller Deputy Chief Technical Advisor

6. Mr. Nick Andersen Short Term Expert

7. Prof. Thierry Lefèvre Short Term Expert

8. Mr. Kua-anan Techato Local Technical Assistant

9. Ms. Benchaporn Nimsuwan Project Secretary

10. Ms. Kalayanee Chuncherd Moderator and report conclusion

integrator

Page 3: September 2005 Workshop Report

8th – 9th September 2005 Workshop on the Renewable Energy Development (RED) Model in Thailand

Table of Contents

1. INTRODUCTION..................................................................................... 4

2. WORKSHOP PROCESS ......................................................................... 5

3. WORKSHOP RESULTS .......................................................................... 7

3.1 MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE (MSW)....................................... 7

3.2 BIOMASS................................................................................... 8

3.3 BIOGAS ................................................................................... 10

3.4 HYDRO..................................................................................... 11

3.5 WIND ....................................................................................... 11

3.6 SOLAR P.V. ............................................................................. 13

3.7 BIO-DIESEL ............................................................................ 14

3.8 GASOHOL................................................................................ 14

4. WORKSHOP CONCLUSION............................................................... 16

5. MODERATOR’S OBSERVATIONS .................................................... 17

6. CONTACT ADDRESS............................................................................ 18

7. ANNEX .................................................................................................. 19

ANNEX 1 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS............................................ 20

ANNEX 2 AGENDA OF RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT (RED) MODEL WORKSHOP ...................................... 30

ANNEX 3 PROJECT BACKGROUND........................................... 32

ANNEX 4 THE ASSUMPTIONS FOR THE CALCULATION OF THE RENEWABLE ENERGY COST ............................ 33

ANNEX 5 THE TECHNOLOGY CATALOG .................................. 43

ANNEX 6 THE RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGY AND ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT SPREADSHEET ............ 68

ANNEX 7 THE BARRIERS AND INCENTIVES CATALOG ....... 79

ANNEX 8 THE RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT ......... 112

ANNEX 9 WORK GROUP INSTRUCTION ............................... 165

ANNEX 10 LIST OF WORK GROUP MEMBERS........................ 170

ANNEX 11 A DISCUSSION GUIDELINE FOR THE WORK GROUP DISCUSSION .............................................. 174

ANNEX 12 THE OUTPUTS OF THE ANALYSIS FROM THE RED MODEL ....................................................................... 183

ANNEX 13 THE FULL SCENARIO OF THE IMPACT ANALYSIS.................................................................................... 223

Page 4: September 2005 Workshop Report

8th – 9th September 2005 Workshop on the Renewable Energy Development (RED) Model in Thailand

1. Introduction The current situation of the continuous high fuel oil price has brought Thailand and many countries around the world to closer attention to the alternative sources of energy. Renewable energy has been looked at as a high potential alternative source. The fact that Thailand has rich resources for potential renewable energy e.g. solar, hydro, biomass, municipal solid waste (MSW), etc. has not released Thailand from the dependency of the heavy import of the fuel oil. Thailand has encountered many barriers from human resource to technologies, which slow down the optimum use of the renewable energy in the country. The Promotion of Renewable Energy Technologies (PRET) Project is a project under the cooperation between the Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency (DEDE) and the Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA). The project immediate objectives are:

Cost-effective strategies with action plans for the dissemination of the renewable energy technologies with promising market potential in Thailand are adopted and implemented by the Royal Thai Government.

Efficient public-private partnership relations for the commercialization of renewable energy applications are created and assist the promotion of the renewable energy technologies from the conceptual phase to the implementation stage.

The PRET Project has developed different tools for the renewable energy technology and economic assessment to test the impacts of the different technology and economic scenarios. A workshop was organized on the 8th – 9th September 2005 to introduce the renewable energy tools developed by the PRET Project to the stakeholders, and to gather their views, comments, and ideas to be considered in the recommendations to the renewable energy action plan proposed by the project. The 268 participants from the different agencies participated in the workshop on the first day and 126 participants on the second day.1 They are government officials of the different Ministries, lecturers from the different educational institutes, representatives from relevant projects, power producers, investors, manufacturers and suppliers of renewable energy technologies, consultants, and etc. The number and the variety of participants reflected the vast interest of the stakeholders on the renewable energy and their expectations on the clear government policy. However, it was not the intention of the project to come up with a proposed figure, but rather proposing a tool for evaluating the different scenarios of the renewable energy before a decision is made.

1

List of Participants is attached in ANNEX 1.

4

Page 5: September 2005 Workshop Report

8th – 9th September 2005 Workshop on the Renewable Energy Development (RED) Model in Thailand

2. Workshop Process The workshop was designed into 3 different phases.2

Phase 1: is the presentations presented by the project coordinator and the project experts. The presentations cover the following topics:

Project background3 Assumptions for the calculation of the renewable energy cost4 Technology Catalog5 Renewable Energy Technology and Economy Assessment

Spreadsheet (RETEAS)6

2

The Agenda of the Workshop is attached in ANNEX 2. 3

Slides of the Project Background are attached in ANNEX 3. 4

Slides of the assumptions for the calculation of the renewable energy cost are attached in ANNEX 4. 5

Slides of the Technology Catalog are attached in ANNEX 5. 6

Slides of the Renewable Energy Technology and Economy Assessment Spreadsheet are attached in ANNEX 6.

Phase 1 (8 Sept., 09.00 – 14.00 hrs.)

Renewable energy tools developed by the project

Presentations

Phase 2 (8 Sept., 14.00 – 16.30 hrs.)

Views/comments/ideas from the participants concerning: Present situation of the

renewable energy technology and its barriers,

Implementation potential and the installed capacity target of each technology foreseen in the year 2024,

Incentives to motivate the market / to reach the target,

Recommendations for an action plan of each technology.

Work Group Discussion

Phase 3 (9 Sept., 09.00 – 15.00 hrs.)

Work group findings (by a work group representative)

Impact of each technology scenario (by the project) - Solar PV - Hydro - Wind - Biomass - Biogas - MSW - Bio-diesel - Gasohol

Presentations

Inputs

5

Page 6: September 2005 Workshop Report

8th – 9th September 2005 Workshop on the Renewable Energy Development (RED) Model in Thailand

Barriers and incentives to overcome the barriers for renewable energy technology7

Renewable Energy Development (RED) Model8.

Phase 2: An instruction9 was given in a big group before the participants worked in 8 technology groups10. A discussion guideline11 was given to each participant to give a clue of what each discussion topic was about. A supporter was assigned to assist in the facilitation process. The discussion was either facilitated by a chairperson of each group and/or by a supporter assigned for each group. The work groups started their discussion by writing their views on the present situation of each renewable energy technology on color cards, roughly grouping the views, discussing, summarizing and/or rewriting the views. The discussion was then guided to the implementation potential, target, incentives and recommended activities. Each work group was asked to fill in the RED input template (except bio-diesel and gasohol) and submitted to the organizer for the impact analysis to be presented on the next day. Preparation for the presentation on the 9th September 2005 The project organizer team documented the work group findings in the power point. The project expert team analyzed the impacts from the inputs in the RED template of each work group and prepared the slides for the next day presentation. Phase 3: Mr. Frands Jepsen, the Chief Technical Advisor of the PRET Project, gave an introduction to the group work analysis. After the introduction, each technology group representative presented the group findings (approximately 15 mins.), followed by Mr. Jepsen’ presentation on the result of the impact analysis of each technology (approximately 15 mins.) and another 10 minutes for the questions and answers of each technology. The same process was repeated for the 8 technologies. The workshop was concluded by Mr. Frands Jepsen and Mr. Lars Møller. The summary of the workshop conclusion is under topic 3: Workshop Results.

7

Slides of Barriers and Incentive Catalog are attached in ANNEX 7. 8

Slides of Renewable Energy Development (RED) Model are attached in ANNEX 8. 9

Work Group Instruction is attached in ANNEX 9. 10

List of Work Group Members is attached in ANNEX 10. 11

A discussion guideline for the work group discussion is attached in ANNEX 11.

6

Page 7: September 2005 Workshop Report

8th – 9th September 2005 Workshop on the Renewable Energy Development (RED) Model in Thailand

3. Workshop Results The result of the work group discussion was documented in 2 parts. The first part was the summary of the discussion points under each discussion topic. The second part was put in the RED template for impact analysis from the RED model. Every technology group put inputs in the RED template except the bio-diesel and gasohol groups. The inputs in the RED template covered:

Target of the installed capacity of each technology in 2024. Incentives (each group recommended incentives needed to reach

the target.). The incentives included: o Feed-in (adder) for 10 years at (number) Baht/kWh o Company tax exemption, 100% for 8 years from the

Board of Investment o Import tax exemption, 100% on renewable energy

equipments o Company tax exemption, 100% for 5 more years for

zone 3, 58 provinces (For the time being, it is only 50%)

o Investment subsidy at (number) % o Low interest loan at (number) %

The outputs of the analysis from the RED model12 were presented in 4 parts.

Financial analysis Economic (socio-economic) analysis Economic (socio-economic) supply curve Comments

The summary of the work group findings, inputs in the RED template and the comments of the analysis are described below.

3.1 Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) The discussion in the work group focused on 2 main issues: one issue was the technology and another issue was the waste management. Concerning the technology, there are many technologies available in market for the waste disposal. The technologies should be assessed both on the technical and financial aspects for the appropriateness to the MSW in Thailand. The technical aspect should cover both the capability on waste disposal and the capability on energy production while limiting the environmental disturbance. The technologies should then be promoted and supported. Presently, the efficient and environmental friendly technology has high investment cost and it needs clear government policy and support for the implementation.

12

The outputs of the analysis from the RED model are attached in ANNEX 12.

7

Page 8: September 2005 Workshop Report

8th – 9th September 2005 Workshop on the Renewable Energy Development (RED) Model in Thailand

The waste management in Thailand was still ineffective and participation of community in waste management was limited. The government should have both incentive and control (carrot and stick) measures for polluters (both domestic and industry) and investors to stimulate participation of the community and the investment of the efficient technology. The polluter-pay principle should be applied to put the cost of the polluter management on the polluter producers. Target proposed by the work group: 100 MWe Incentives proposed by the work group:

Feed-in adder 5 Baht/kWh Tax exempt 8 + 5 years Investment subsidy 30% Low interest loan 4%

Results of the analysis:

The suggested incentives (including the feed-in adder of 5 TBH/kWh) will not give any penetration.

A feed-in adder of 6.5 THB/kWh is needed to have any MSW project implemented at all.

A feed-in adder of around 12 THB/kWh is needed to obtain 100 MW. Questions - Answers 1. Comment from Dr. Somrat Kerdsuwan: the study of PRET Project should include more technologies of MSW such as gasification (pyrolysis) and anaerobic digestion in order to reach the target of 100 MW.

3.2 Biomass Looking at the overview of the country, Thailand, as an agricultural country, has utilized the biomass in the energy production limitedly and inefficiently. The work group discussion covered a few main areas which reflected the biomass situation in Thailand. The discussed areas were resources, technology, and government support. The problems concerning resources of the biomass seemed to be the main issues in the discussion. The problems included the inconsistent amount of resources throughout the year, the distance between the biomass power plant and the resources, the storage, and the price competitiveness for the biomass resources. The group suggested the organization for zoning of the resources and for the renewable energy community cooperatives, financially supported by the government. Biomass has been utilized either internally or externally, through selling it to a power plant, or to other downstream businesses, mainly as fuel in a boiling system. Commercially, an investor who used single biomass as fuel would encounter a problem of inconsistent supply of resources and the price competitiveness. However, the chance of using multiple biomass fuels is also limited by the technology, which is not designed for the

8

Page 9: September 2005 Workshop Report

8th – 9th September 2005 Workshop on the Renewable Energy Development (RED) Model in Thailand

efficient use of the multiple biomass fuels. Some technologies in a biomass power plant also bring environmental problems to the community. The above constraints calls for the government support for the biomass energy to enter the market. The present government incentives are not clear and not attractive to an investor e.g. lack of feed-in tariff, Clean Development Mechanisms (CDM) Projects, etc. One question which reflected a concern from the group was who should bear the increased cost for electricity generation from the renewable energy. Targets proposed by the workgroup:

Biomass back pressure (1 MW) 44 MWe Biomass back pressure (5 MW) 300 MWe Biomass condensing (5 MW) 375 MWe Biomass condensing (10 MW) 1,000 MWe

Total 1,719 MW Incentives proposed by the workgroup: (Scenario 1)

Feed-in adder o Biomass back pressure (1 MW) 0.44 Baht/kWh o Biomass back pressure (5 MW) 0.44 Baht/kWh o Biomass condensing (5 MW) 0.54 Baht/kWh o Biomass condensing (10 MW) 0.49 Baht/kWh

Tax exempt 8 + 5 years Investment subsidy 5% Low interest 4%

Comments of the analysis: (Scenario 1)

The MW target is not obtained with the suggested incentives, except for BP 1 MW, where 100 MW is obtained (target only 44 MW).

In total 323 MW is obtained against the target of 1719 MW. Result from the analysis: (Scenario 2)

Feed-in adder including conventional tariff o Biomass back pressure (1 MW) 0 Baht/kWh o Biomass back pressure (5 MW) 0 Baht/kWh o Biomass condensing (5 MW) 2.14 Baht/kWh o Biomass condensing (10 MW) 2.10 Baht/kWh

Tax exempt 8 + 5 years Investment subsidy 5% Low interest loan 4%

Comments of the analysis: (Scenario 2)

Target for combined steam and power (Back Pressure) 5 MW and 1 MW of 344 MW in total exceeds the demand for steam..

Our analysis suggests to have a higher feed-in on the condensing boilers and no feed-in on the BP biomass units.

Questions - Answers 1. According to the figure of employment generation in the next 20 years, average annual jobs 125,440 each year will be required. Is it possible to

9

Page 10: September 2005 Workshop Report

8th – 9th September 2005 Workshop on the Renewable Energy Development (RED) Model in Thailand

get this number of labors in Thailand since the labors actually used in a factory now are imported from Myanmar, Cambodia and Laos. There are several levels of labor such as engineers and operating staffs. Usually, Thai people are not much interested in low level job but in a more sophisticated job. 2. Is the figure of the person years shown in the impact analysis only the labor for a plant operation or does it include the labor for collection and transportation of biomass? The figure shown is only employment for plant operation.

3.3 Biogas More and more farms and factories are interested in the biogas energy as it reduces the environmental problems and it gives value to the waste. However, there are still many constraints / limitations to the biogas energy market as discussed in the work group, which included technology, local know-how, and the investment cost. There are many technologies available in the market but Thai investors have insufficient information / knowledge about the technologies, which leads to the lack of confidence in the investment to the biogas energy. The quality of the biogas produced from the technology used in Thailand is not consistent, which may cause problems in using the biogas as fuel. Research and development on the technology and local know-how should be enhanced. The perception of the workgroup is that the investment cost for the biogas energy is high, this calls for financial incentives and practical policy and regulations from the government to stimulate the biogas energy market. Target proposed by the workgroup:

Biogas electricity generation 100 MW Incentives proposed by the workgroup:

Feed-in adder o Biogas electricity generation 1.89 Baht/kWh

Tax exempt 8 + 5 years Investment subsidy 20% Low interest loan 3%

Comments of the analysis:

With feed-in adder 1.89 THB/kWh only 81 MW is obtained instead of the target of 100 MW.

Feed-in adder of 2.25 THB/kWh is needed to obtain 100 MW penetration.

For biogas steam boiler without incentives 181 MWth is obtained.

10

Page 11: September 2005 Workshop Report

8th – 9th September 2005 Workshop on the Renewable Energy Development (RED) Model in Thailand

3.4 Hydro

The potential of hydro energy in Thailand is quite high but the flow rate may be insufficient and varies from year to year. Technology did not seem to be a major constraint for the hydro energy, except the turbine generation should be able to maintain its capacity at the different flow rate of the water source. The major constraints are location, permission for an area to locate a hydro power plant, and the government policy. Most hydro power plants located in the remote areas are far away from the grid. Permission to allow a hydro power plants in a forest area needs careful consideration, hence take a long time. The government support is also needed for the hydro energy to enter the market. Targets proposed by the workgroup:

Mini hydro 500 MW Micro hydro 20 MW

Incentives proposed by the workgroup:

Tax exempt 8 + 5 years Investment subsidy 10% Low interest loan 3.5%

Comments of the Analysis:

The suggested 10% investment subsidy and tax exemption is not enough to obtain the target of 500 MW.

If the 10% investment subsidy and tax exemption is combined with 6.11 THB/kWh (feed-in adder), 500 MW mini hydro is implemented, and 1.45 THB/kWh for the micro hydro will give 20 MW.

3.5 Wind The main constraint of the wind energy in Thailand is the low wind speed, which can utilize 10 -15 % of the wind turbine capacity. The wind turbine will need to be designed for the wind speed in Thailand. There is also a potential to sell the wind turbines produced in Thailand for the neighboring countries. The technology needs to be supported by the government. However, the private sector does not see a clear direction from the government to support the development of the market in Thailand. A research center should be set up to research, produce, and test the technology suitable for Thailand. A standard should be established. Local know-how should be build up. Personnel specialized on wind turbine engineering should be developed. The government should survey and identify the areas with high potential for the wind energy. The potential areas should be announced to the public

11

Page 12: September 2005 Workshop Report

8th – 9th September 2005 Workshop on the Renewable Energy Development (RED) Model in Thailand

and incentive measures should be provided to promote the use of the wind turbine. Some areas e.g. the southern part of Thailand are quite windy, good for the medium-sized wind turbine. The community is willing to allow the government to test the development of a wind farm and to develop a site for tourist attraction. Targets proposed by the workgroup:

With the existing technology and with the government support, the installed capacity can be 100 – 200 MW.

With the substantial support from government, the installed capacity might be 350 MW.

Incentives proposed by the workgroup:

Feed-in tariff adder 8.89 THB/kWh Tax exempt 8 + 5 years Investment subsidy 0% (30-50% subsidy for establishing of

industries is needed in Thailand) Low interest loan 4%

Comments of the analysis:

Feed-in adder of 8.89 TBH/kWh (suggested) will introduce 775 MW wind power.

To obtain the target of 350 MW a feed-in adder of 6.39 TBH/kWh is needed.

Comment / Questions - Answers 1. The potential for the wind energy is not clear, so there should be 2 types of wind turbine, large scale and small scale. Promotion of large scale wind turbines is already incorporated in the RPS. For the small scale wind turbines, it is recommended to announce zoning areas for areas with high potential such as seacoast areas to ensure the investors. The government should also subsidize wind power generation in zoning areas. For the quality of wind turbine, government should set standards and also a standard center (which has no connection to the manufacturer) to check and assure common standards. The wind turbine should be tested and certified by the standard center. To ensure the utilization of the wind energy, the government should support in 2 areas.

1.1 Community Owned Pilot Projects – government should subsidize 50% of investment. The government should demand local participation to make local people familiar with the wind technology and expecting this will facilitate interest in more wind turbine projects. The information and experience from the project should be public available.

12

Page 13: September 2005 Workshop Report

8th – 9th September 2005 Workshop on the Renewable Energy Development (RED) Model in Thailand

1.2 Subsidies should be given from the government in specific areas where the government would like to support development of wind energy.

2. Target of 350 MW in 10 years, 35 MW/year is it possible? Will the industry be able to produce installation of 35 MW? Actually, the group discussed the duration of 20 years. Anyway, the installation of 35 MW is possible in one year. In Thailand now, we can produce 1.5 MW wind turbines. So it is possible.

3.6 Solar P.V. The main barriers of the solar P.V. technology are the high investment (Baht/kW) and high generation cost per unit (Baht/kWh) comparing to the conventional energy production cost. The government has no clear direction for the development of the solar P.V. market. Thailand partly still depends on the imported P.V. technology. It is necessary to get the support from the government on R&D and the development of the up-stream supporting industry to increase local content of the P.V. cell. Do more marketing to stimulate demand. Technical requirement is still a barrier for the mini-grid connection. A standard for the commercial solar P.V., for the system installation, and for the evaluation should be established. The VSPP regulations should be adjusted to be practical for the mini-grid connection. Targets proposed by the workgroup:

110 MW before 2011 250 MW before 2015 500 MW before 2024

Incentives proposed by the workgroup:

Feed-in adder 18 Baht/kWh Income tax exempt for investor for 25 years Low interest loan 0%

Comments of the analysis:

With feed-adder of 18 BTH/kWh, the operational income before tax is negative after expiry of the feed-in period of 10 years.

A feed-in adder level of approximately 19 THB/kWh is needed to obtain the requested 500 MW.

The above will be very sensitive to the financial parameters used. Questions - Answers 1. How much area is needed to generate 500 MW? It should be around 650,000 m2 (1kWp per 1 m2 includes the space between panels).

13

Page 14: September 2005 Workshop Report

8th – 9th September 2005 Workshop on the Renewable Energy Development (RED) Model in Thailand

2. Suggestion on area to generate power since solar technology needs a big area for the installation of the equipment. Usually, solar power plant should be next to the consumer such as roof top (on the house roof), on the top of the office building, power light (on non-use area such as a 300 MW project in a dessert in China). In central of Thailand, the installation area is a problem therefore a big private company, e.g. Tesco Lotus installs the P.V. on top of the building which is an empty space.

3.7 Bio-diesel Bio-diesel has gained interest from different government agencies and from the public since the fuel oil price has been increasing steadily. The government has attempted to promote the market and support the production of bio-diesel. However, the work group identified many barriers to the growth of the bio-diesel market. The main barriers are the insufficient amount and high cost of raw materials, the unclear implementation measures from the government, the unclear distribution channels, and the lack of confidence from the end users. Clear incentive measures and policy framework are needed from the government to stimulate the market for bio-diesel. The government should control the quality of the bio-diesel and measures to gain confidence of users and producers should be established. The raw materials for bio-diesel should be ensured through the promotion of the plantation of oil palm, jatropha, and other oil crops with the guaranteed price and the establishment of a center to collect used vegetable oil. Questions - Answers 1. Please share European experience on biodiesel: Mr. Møller: Barrier of bio-diesel in Denmark is taxation, a consumer who uses bio-diesel will have to pay high tax similar to fossil fuel. Most of the biodiesel produced in Denmark is export to Germany. 2. The regulation that enforces the plantation of oil crops in unused land should be studied carefully in terms of the efficient species, yield per “rai”, amount of land utilization for plantation, for example, some European country dedicates only 3-5% of its area to energy crops. However, the economic aspects should also be taken into consideration for the benefit of the whole country. The Ministry of Agriculture and cooperatives is taking care of plantation area as well as its voluntary zoning.

14

Page 15: September 2005 Workshop Report

8th – 9th September 2005 Workshop on the Renewable Energy Development (RED) Model in Thailand

3.8 Gasohol Gasohol has been continuously promoted and supported by the government to stimulate the market, which is picking up positively. Nonetheless, the production of gasohol may be limited from the insufficient amount of raw materials and the time consuming plant installation. The government research should focus on the improvement of productivity of the raw materials e.g. cassava, sweet sorghum, etc. Voluntary zoning of the production should be defined and the policy to promote the production of gasohol should be clearly announced. Questions - Answers 1. The engine specification should not be the main problem for gasohol since most racing cars are using pure ethanol. In addition, gasohol is being used widely for sometime in Brazil. Is there any cooperation between Thailand and Brazil? Last year, Brazilian staff participated in a conference in Thailand and Thai staff also visited Brazil for the purpose of a study tour. Thailand has an ability to produce ethanol since long time but the price was not competitive. The fact that makes gasohol competitive and accelerates its promotion of gasohol currently is the raising oil price. In Brazil, the engine is designed specifically for using E-100. 2. The general design of engine for pure ethanol and pure diesel should not be so much different. The engines in the market now were designed for the use of less than 10% ethanol because the automobile manufacturers accept only that rate. While in Brazil, the engines used are “FFV”, a flexible fuel vehicle which is applicable for E 20, E 85 or even E0-E100. 3. Why is the price of gasohol only 1.50 Baht cheaper than benzene while the price of pure alcohol (ethanol) from the factory is only around 14-15 Baht. 1.50 Baht is the tax that the government has exempted for gasohol.

15

Page 16: September 2005 Workshop Report

8th – 9th September 2005 Workshop on the Renewable Energy Development (RED) Model in Thailand

4. Workshop Conclusion The workshop was then concluded by Mr. Jepsen and Mr. Lars Møller, Deputy Chief Technical Advisor of the PRET Project. Mr. Jepsen presented the full scenario of the 8 technologies13. The full scenario depicts an overview of the target (installed capacity - MW) of all technologies, the feed-in tariff needed for each technology to stimulate the production of the installed capacity, the fuel consumption (%of the potential), and the power & steam generation. There are also graphs, which depict the socio-economic cost supply curve, power production per fuel, steam production per fuel, and the accumulated RE capacity. Mr. Møller emphasized that there were still no final answers on the RPS, feed-in tariffs, etc. as expected by some participants. The project got good information and ideas how the participants perceived the market of the renewable energy and its development. There are still questions to be answered and political decisions to be made. The project will use the views / comments / ideas of the participants in the recommendations for an action plan, which is planned to be submitted by the end of 2005. The action plan will then be tested in different communities in 2006. The project will also try to stimulate the efficient public-private partnership for the implementation of renewable energies in Thailand.

13

The full scenario of the impact analysis is in ANNEX 11, slides # 41 – 46.

16

Page 17: September 2005 Workshop Report

8th – 9th September 2005 Workshop on the Renewable Energy Development (RED) Model in Thailand

5. Moderator’s Observations The workshop has got an output as planned with a big support of group supporters/facilitators. The preparation of the group supporters/facilitators was the key success to the work group discussion. It gives the supporters / facilitators a good guideline in the facilitation of the work group. The fact that the participants were divided into the interest groups for the discussion enhanced the fruitful information / comments / ideas from the work group. The workshop was well organized by the organizing team who had worked very hard and who deserves applause.

17

Page 18: September 2005 Workshop Report

8th – 9th September 2005 Workshop on the Renewable Energy Development (RED) Model in Thailand

6. Contact Address

The Promotion of Renewable Energy Technologies: Action Plan for the Development of the Market in Thailand Address: Building 7, 10th Floor, Department of Alternative

Energy Development and Efficiency (DEDE), Ministry of Energy, 17 Rama I Rd., Kasatsuk Bridge, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

Tel: +66-2 223 0021 to 29 Ext 1545 +66-2 224 1369 (direct line) Fax: +66-2 224 1377 Email: Mr. Frands Jepsen [email protected] Chief Technical Advisor Mr. Lars Møller [email protected] Deputy Chief Technical Advisor Dr. Boonrod Sajjakulnukit [email protected], Project Coordinator [email protected] Mr. Nick Andersen [email protected] Short Term Expert Prof. Dr. Thierry Lefèvre [email protected] Short Term Expert Mr. Kua-anan Techato [email protected] Local Technical Assistant [email protected] Dr. Natthapong Ngampradit [email protected] Project Coordinator Assistant Ms. Benchaporn Nimsuwan [email protected] Project Secretary [email protected]

18

Page 19: September 2005 Workshop Report

8th – 9th September 2005 Workshop on the Renewable Energy Development (RED) Model in Thailand

7. Annex

Annex 1 List of Participants

Annex 2 Agenda of Renewable Energy Development (RED) Model Workshop

Annex 3 Project Background

Annex 4 The Assumptions for the Calculation of the Renewable Energy Cost

Annex 5 The Technology Catalog

Annex 6 The Renewable Energy Technology and Economic Assessment Spreadsheet

Annex 7 The Barriers and Incentives Catalog

Annex 8 The Renewable Energy Development

Annex 9 Work Group Instruction

Annex 10 List of Work Group Members

Annex 11 A discussion guideline for the work group discussion

Annex 12 The outputs of the analysis from the RED model

Annex 13 The full scenario of the impact analysis

19

Page 20: September 2005 Workshop Report

Annex 1 List of Participants

20

Page 21: September 2005 Workshop Report

No. Title Name Position Department Organization Address Email Tel Fax

1 Mr. Chartdanai Chartpolrak Executive Managing Director

Able Consultant Co., Ltd. 152 Nuan Chan Rd., Klong Kum, Bueng Kum, Bangkok 10230

[email protected] 02 509 9070, 02 509 5070, 02 509 9097

02 509 5525

2 Ms. Rangsima Kanjanasombat Able Consultant Co., Ltd. 152 Moo 12, Nuan Chan Rd., Klong Kum, Bueng Kum, Bangkok 10230

[email protected] 02 509 9070 02 509 5525

3 Mr. Thosaporn Predapan Able Consultant Co., Ltd. 152 Moo 12, Nuan Chan Rd., Klong Kum, Bueng Kum, Bangkok 10230

[email protected] 02 509 9070 02 509 5525

4 Mr. Elmar Offenbacher AEE [email protected]

5 Dr. Surachai Saibua Executive Vice President

Amata Power (Bangpakong) Limited Dr. Gerhard Link Building, 16th Flor, 88 Krungthepkreetha Rd., Huamark, Bangkapi, Bangkok 10240

[email protected] 02 710 3420, 02 379 4246 02 379 4245

6 Mr. Boonlert Thymuang Vice President Environment

Aquaplus Co., Ltd. 169 Soi Sirinthorn 10700 [email protected] 02 434 3687-8 02 434 3686

7 Mr. Olivier Le Sang Research Associate, Energy Economist

Energy Field of Study Asian Institute of Technology - AIT P.O. Box 4, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120 [email protected] 02 524 5426, 02 524 5437 02 524 6589

8 Mr. Ranat Sivadat Adviser Astrotec Co., Ltd. 15/6 Soi Ramindra 40, Ramindra Rd., Klongkum, Bungkum, Bangkok 10230

[email protected] 02 944 6576-8 02 944 6576

9 Mr. Somchai Sukontasing Bangkok Bank Pcl. 333 Silom Rd., Bangkok 10500 [email protected] 02 230 2784 02 231 5622

10 Mr. Thanawit Chotchaisathit Assistant Vice President & Credit Manager

Provincial Wholesale Banking Group

Bangkok Bank Pcl. 333 Silom Rd., Bangkok 10500 [email protected] 02 626 3904 02 231 5489, 02 231 4107

11 Ms. Weena Punthurat Section Chief & Vice President

Executive Board Chairman Department

Bangkok Bank Pcl. 333 Silom Rd., Bangkok 10500 [email protected] 02 230 2030 02 236 8979

12 Mr. Chalie Bhichaisornplaeng Director Business Development

Bangkok Cogeneration Co., Ltd. 16th Fl., Rajanakarn Building, 183 South Sathorn Rd., Yannawa, Sathorn, Bangkok 10120

[email protected] 02 676 6262, 02 676 6284 02 676 6285

13 Mr. Tawatchai Pungthaisong Project Engineer (Solar Energy)

Bangkok Lighting Center Co., Ltd. 1-1/3 Moo 1 Soi Sripaiboon, Salathammasop, Thaweewattana, Bangkok 10170

[email protected] 02 888 7663-5 02 441 1956-7

14 Mrs. Suthisa Pornpermpoon Bangkok Metropolitan Administration Bangkok Metropolitan Administration 2, Mitrmaitree Rd., Dindaeng, Bangkok

[email protected] 02 246 0687 02 245 3377

15 Mrs. Suwanna Jungrungrueng Bangkok Metropolitan Administration Bangkok Metropolitan Administration 2, Mitrmaitree Rd., Dindaeng, Bangkok

[email protected] 02 246 0343 02 245 8432

16 Mr. Rangsun Kanjanangurapan Sales & Marketing Manager

Bangkok Solar Co., Ltd. 187/1 Rajdamri Rd., Lumpinee, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 254 4550-9, 02 254 9015

02 253 6028

17 Mr. Paiboon Ketpakdeekul Credit Analyst Business Development 5/1 Bank Thai Pcl. 44 North Sathorn Rd., Silom, Bangrak, Bangkok 10500 [email protected] 02 638 8554 02 633 9060, 02 633 9029

18 Mr. Watson Chansajcha Vice President Business Development 5/1 Bank Thai Pcl. 44 North Sathorn Rd., Silom, Bangrak, Bangkok 10500 [email protected], [email protected]

02 638 8546 02 633 9029

19 Ms. Ajarin Pattanapanchai Board of Investment - BOI BOI Office, 555 Vibhavadi-Rangsit, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900

[email protected] 02 537 8111 # 1070 02 537 8126

20 Mr. Prasong Deityothin Board of Investment - BOI BOI Office, 555 Vibhavadi-Rangsit, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900

[email protected] 02 537 8111 # 1072 02 537 8126

21 Mr. Kiattisak Kobkanjanakorn Technical Assistant BOSCH, E for E Foundation 14th Fl., Si Ayutthaya Bldg., 487/1 Si Ayutthaya Rd., Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400

[email protected] 02 642 6424-5 Ext 51 02 642 6426

22 Ms. Nisan Pawutiyapong Financing Assistant BOSCH, E for E Foundation 14th Fl., Si Ayutthaya Bldg., 487/1 Si Ayutthaya Rd., Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400

[email protected] 02 642 6424-5 Ext 37 02 642 6426

23 Mr. Thaleungdech Pilasri Environmental Technologist

BOSCH, E for E Foundation 14th Fl., Si Ayutthaya Bldg., 487/1 Si Ayutthaya Rd., Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400

[email protected] 02 642 6424-5 Ext 54 02 642 6426

24 Mr. Vattana Vongseenin BOSCH, E for E Foundation 14th Fl., Si Ayutthaya Bldg., 487/1 Si Ayutthaya Rd., Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400

[email protected] 02 642 6424 # 160 02 642 6426

25 Ms. Somporn Arunrungsaengthong

Market Support Controller

BP Thai Solar Corporation Co., Ltd. 23 Rd. Fl., Rajanakarn Building, 183 South Sathorn Rd., Yannawa, Sathorn, Bangkok 10120

[email protected]

02 684 3601-2 02 684 3601-2

26 Mr. Niels Juhl Thomsen Carl Bro [email protected]

27 Mr. Jean-Marc Alexandre Project Manager Center for Energy Environment Resources Development - CEERD/FIHRD

SLD Building (7B), Soi Saladaeng 1, Rama IV Rd., Bangkok 10500

[email protected] 02 235 5817 02 236 9574

List of Participants to the Renewable Energy development (RED) Model Workshop

8 - 9 September 2005, Prince Palace Hotel, Bangkok

21

Page 22: September 2005 Workshop Report

No. Title Name Position Department Organization Address Email Tel Fax

28 Mr. Jessie L. Todoc Senior Project Coordinator

Center for Energy Environment Resources Development - CEERD/FIHRD

SLD Building (7B), Soi Saladaeng 1, Rama IV Rd., Bangkok 10500

[email protected], [email protected]

02 235 5817 02 236 9574

29 Mr. Chittin Tangthieng Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Phyathai, Bangkok 10330 [email protected] 02 218 6590 02 252 2889

30 Mr. Pipat Chuenchomchat Chulalongkorn University [email protected] 02 322 7183, 02 321 3757, 01 915 6483

02 322 8263

31 Dr. Somsak Chaiyapinunt Chulalongkorn University Phyathai, Bangkok 10330 [email protected] 02 218 6610, 02 218 6644 02 252 2889

32 Mr. Theera Karot Chulalongkorn University Phyathai, Bangkok 10330

33 Mr. Kreangsak Asavaratana Project Manager CIM Systems (Thailand) Co., Ltd. 228/23 Lard Prao Rd., Bangkok 10900 [email protected] 02 938 5226 02 511 2361

34 Mr. Prawit Wongphanngam Programmer CIM Systems (Thailand) Co., Ltd. 228/23 Lard Prao Rd., Bangkok 10900 [email protected] 02 938 5226 02 511 2361

35 Mr. Surat Trirattanapakdee Developer CIM Systems (Thailand) Co., Ltd. 228/23 Lard Prao Rd., Bangkok 10900 [email protected] 02 938 5226 # 208 02 511 2361

36 Ms. Suthapa Wongpetikul Secretary CLP Power (Thailand) Ltd. 8/F Sindhorn Tower 2, 130-132 Wireless Rd., Lumpini, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 651 4390 Ext 116 02 651 4395

37 Dr. Tirapot Chandarasupsang College of Arts, Media and Technology, Chiangmai University

239, Huaykaew Rd., Suthep, Muang, Chiangmai [email protected] 053 893 216 053 893 217

38 Mr. Somchai Vitdumrong Community Development Department Asadang Rd., Ratbopit, Pranakorn, Bangkok 10200 [email protected] 02 622 3131 02 221 4111

39 Mr. Karsten Holm Chief Advisor - Thailand

Danish Energy Management A/S UBC 2 Building, Suite 1208, 12th Fl., 591 Sukhumvit Rd., Soi 33, Bangkok 10110

[email protected] 02 662 2884-5, 02 261 8617 # 17

02 261 5288

40 Ms. Narumon Department of Agricultural Extension Pahonyothin, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900 02 940 6183 02 940 6185

41 Mr. Praphan Prasertsak Agronomist Field Crops Research Institute

Department of Agriculture Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900 [email protected] 02 579 3930-33 # 237 02 561 3486

42 Mr. Adisak Choosuk Engineer Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency - DEDE

17 Kasatsuk Bridge, Rama 1 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 223 0021-9 # 1204

43 Ms. Areerat Yoohoon Senior Scientist Bureau of Energy Research and Study

Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency - DEDE

17 Kasatsuk Bridge, Rama 1 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 223 0021-9 # 1356 02 223 8705

44 Mr. Boonkerd Chookijroongrojn Senior Scientist Bureau of Energy Development

Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency - DEDE

17 Kasatsuk Bridge, Rama 1 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 223 0021-9 # 1348 02 225 2566

45 Mr. Chumnum Punyawattoe Senior Engineer Bureau of Solar Energy Development

Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency - DEDE

17 Kasatsuk Bridge, Rama 1 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 223 0021-9 # 1481 02 221 7841

46 Ms. Chutima Ungphakorn Bureau of Solar Energy Development

Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency - DEDE

17 Kasatsuk Bridge, Rama 1 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected]

47 Mr. Graiwan Krutgul Senior Scientist Bureau of Energy Research and Study

Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency - DEDE

17 Kasatsuk Bridge, Rama 1 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected], [email protected]

02 223 0021-9 # 1204

48 Ms. Jarasphan Phumpuang Policy and Planning Analyst

Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency - DEDE

17 Kasatsuk Bridge, Rama 1 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 221 1475 02 2221 1475

49 Mr. Krairat Sornjon Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency - DEDE

17 Kasatsuk Bridge, Rama 1 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 223 0021-9 # 1351 02 223 1158

50 Mr. Natikorn Prakobboon Engineer Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency - DEDE

17 Kasatsuk Bridge, Rama 1 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 223 0021-9 # 1541 02 226 1767

51 Mr. Natthapong Ngampradit Scientist Bureau of Solar Energy Development

Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency - DEDE

17 Kasatsuk Bridge, Rama 1 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 223 0021-9 # 1546 02 224 1377

52 Mr. Natthaporn Suwannakhanthi Scientist Bureau of Energy Research and Study

Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency - DEDE

17 Kasatsuk Bridge, Rama 1 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 223 0021 # 1274 02 223 8705

53 Mr. Pichit Taweesri Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency - DEDE

17 Kasatsuk Bridge, Rama 1 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected]

54 Mr. Pirach Sithiaumnuai Senior Scientist Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency - DEDE

17 Kasatsuk Bridge, Rama 1 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

02 223 0021-9 # 1397 02 221 7841

55 Ms. Pisamai Sathienyanon Senior Scientist Bureau of Energy Research and Study

Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency - DEDE

17 Kasatsuk Bridge, Rama 1 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 221 1853 02 225 2548

56 Mr. Pongsak Prommakorn Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency - DEDE

17 Kasatsuk Bridge, Rama 1 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

57 Mr. Prawatt Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency - DEDE

17 Kasatsuk Bridge, Rama 1 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected]

58 Mr. Ruangdet Panduang Bureau of Energy Development

Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency - DEDE

17 Kasatsuk Bridge, Rama 1 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 223 0021-9 # 1243

59 Ms. Rungrawee Yingyuad Scientist Bureau of Energy Research and Study

Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency - DEDE

17 Kasatsuk Bridge, Rama 1 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 221 1853 02 223 8705

60 Ms. Rungrudee Boonsu Scientist 3 Bureau of Energy Research and Study

Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency - DEDE

17 Kasatsuk Bridge, Rama 1 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 223 0021-9 # 1251

61 Mr. Somkiat Sutiratana Bureau of Energy Research and Study

Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency - DEDE

17 Kasatsuk Bridge, Rama 1 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected], [email protected]

62 Mr. Sompong Pongsuwaparp Civil Engineer Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency - DEDE

17 Kasatsuk Bridge, Rama 1 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 223 0021-9 # 1470 02 226 6080

22

Page 23: September 2005 Workshop Report

No. Title Name Position Department Organization Address Email Tel Fax

63 Mrs. Suree Buranasajja Senior Scientist Bureau of Solar Energy Development

Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency - DEDE

17 Kasatsuk Bridge, Rama 1 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected], [email protected]

02 223 0021-9 # 1290 02 221 7841

64 Ms. Tarntip Settacharnwit Policy and Plan Analyst 6

Bureau of Energy Research and Study

Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency - DEDE

17 Kasatsuk Bridge, Rama 1 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 225 2548 02 225 2548

65 Ms. Thunyaporn Vimtraimate Economist Bureau of Energy Research and Study

Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency - DEDE

17 Kasatsuk Bridge, Rama 1 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 223 0021-9 # 1445 02 225 2548

66 Mr. Yaowateera Achawangkul Mechanical Engineer 3 Bureau of Energy Research and Study

Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency - DEDE

17 Kasatsuk Bridge, Rama 1 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 223 0021-9 # 1445

67 Mr. Yongyuth Sawatdisawanee Senior Scientist Bureau of Solar Energy Development

Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency - DEDE

17 Kasatsuk Bridge, Rama 1 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected], [email protected]

02 223 0021 # 1481 02 221 7841

68 Mrs. Arunsri Viramitchai Department of Energy Business - DOEB 44/100 Nonthaburi 1 Rd., Nonthaburi 11000 [email protected] 02 547 4319-20 02 547 4320

69 Ms. Kanchana Department of Energy Business - DOEB 44/100 Nonthaburi 1 Rd., Nonthaburi 11000

70 Mr. Kiattisak Israpakdirat Scientist 8 Department of Energy Business - DOEB 44/100 Nonthaburi 1 Rd., Nonthaburi 11000 [email protected] 02 547 4319-20 02 547 4320

71 Mr. Narit Hongchalard Scientist 8 Department of Energy Business - DOEB 44/100 Nonthaburi 1 Rd., Nonthaburi 11000 [email protected], [email protected]

02 547 4324-5 02 547 4323

72 Ms. Peerapat Intarachub Scientist 8 Department of Energy Business - DOEB 44/100 Nonthaburi 1 Rd., Nonthaburi 11000 [email protected] 02 547 4319 02 547 4320

73 Mr. Piyawat Jongsanongsub Petroleum Standard Specialist

Department of Energy Business - DOEB 44/100 Nonthaburi 1 Rd., Nonthaburi 11000 [email protected] 02 547 4319 02 547 4320

74 Acting Sub Lt.

Saksith Dachanant Department of Energy Business - DOEB 44/100 Nonthaburi 1 Rd., Nonthaburi 11000 [email protected] 02 547 4324-8 02 547 4329

75 Mrs. Supitchanee Sonthontanatiwat

Scientist 8 Department of Energy Business - DOEB 44/100 Nonthaburi 1 Rd., Nonthaburi 11000 [email protected] 02 547 4319-20 02 547 4320

76 Mr. Vichai Pornsathealkul Scientist 8 Department of Energy Business - DOEB 44/100 Nonthaburi 1 Rd., Nonthaburi 11000 [email protected] 02 5474317-8 02 547 4318

77 Ms. Hathairatana Garivait Department of Environmental Quality Promotion - DEQP

Technothani, Klong 5, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120

[email protected] 02 577 4182-9 02 577 1138

78 Mrs. Nittaya Nugranad Milne Department of Environmental Quality Promotion - DEQP

Technothani, Klong 5, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120

[email protected] 02 577 4976 02 577 4976

79 Mr. Rath Ruangchotevit Department of Environmental Quality Promotion - DEQP

Technothani, Klong 5, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120

[email protected], [email protected]

02 577 4182-3, 02 577 4190

02 577 1138

80 Mr. Apichai Nakheesang Project Coordinator Livestock Environmental Development Branch, Livestock Waste Management in East Asia Project

Department of Livestock Development 69/1 Phayathai Rd., Rajtawee, Bangkok [email protected] 02 653 4444 # 3161-2 02 653 4486

81 Mr. Sommai Chatsanguthai Engineering Consultant Livestock Environmental Development Branch, Livestock Waste Management in East Asia Project

Department of Livestock Development 69/1 Phayathai Rd., Rajtawee, Bangkok [email protected]

82 Ms. Siwaporn Rangsiyanon Department of Pollition Control 92 Pahonyothin 7, Pahonyothin Rd., Samsennai, Phayathai, Bangkok

[email protected]

83 Ms. Manwipa Kusol Department of Pollution Control 92 Pahonyothin 7, Pahonyothin Rd., Samsennai, Phayathai, Bangkok

[email protected] 02 298 2350 02 298 2357

84 Mr. Thanade Dawasuwan Department of Water Resources 9fl., Department of Environmental Quality Promotion Building, 49 Rama VI RD. Soi 30, Phayathai, Bangkok 10400

[email protected] 02 298 5674, 02 298 5696

85 Dr. Jamlong Suthin Dhara Consultant Co., Ltd. 11-11/1 Ladprao 34, Ladprao Rd., Bangkok [email protected] 02 938 2926-7 02 938 3159

86 Dr. Rudolf Rauch Principal Advisor E3 Agro Project / GTZ Ministry of Energy, DEDE, Bureau of Energy Research and Study, Building 7, 10th Fl., 17 Rama 1 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 223 0021-9 # 1469, 02 226 1491

02 226 1592

87 Ms. Sopin Wachirapuwadon Project Facilitator/Local Expert Energy and Eco-Efficiency

E3 Agro Project / GTZ Ministry of Energy, DEDE, Bureau of Energy Research and Study, Building 7, 10th Fl., 17 Rama 1 Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 223 0021-9 # 1468, 02 226 1491

02 226 1592

88 Mr. Amnat Paiboonsin Senior Environmental Specialist

EEC Co., Ltd. No. 1, Fortune Town Office Building, 28th Fl., Rama 9 Intersection, Ratchadaphisek Rd., Dindaeng, Bangkok 10400

[email protected] 02 642 1200 02 642 1216

89 Mr. Kim Hon Chin Managing Director EEC Energetics Co., Ltd. No. 1 Fortune Town Bldg., 30th Fl., Ratchadaphisek Rd., Dindaeng, Bangkok 10400

[email protected] 02 642 1160-4 02 642 1242

23

Page 24: September 2005 Workshop Report

No. Title Name Position Department Organization Address Email Tel Fax

90 Mr. Pierre Cazelles Co-Project Manager EEC Energetics Co., Ltd. No. 1 Fortune Town Bldg., 30th Fl., Ratchadaphisek Rd., Dindaeng, Bangkok 10400

[email protected] 02 642 1160 02 642 1242

91 Mr. Kittisak Sukvivatn Project Manager, Renewable Energy

EEC-Energetics Co., Ltd. No. 1 Fortune Town Bldg., 30th Fl., Ratchadaphisek Rd., Dindaeng, Bangkok 10400

[email protected] 02 642 1160-4 02 642 1242

92 Mr. Tosapole Stitsuwongkul Energy Engineer EEC-Energetics Co., Ltd. No. 1 Fortune Town Bldg., 30th Fl., Ratchadaphisek Rd., Dindaeng, Bangkok 10400

[email protected], [email protected]

02 642 1160-4 02 642 1242

93 Mr. Saksit Suntharekanon Assistant Vice President - Business Development

EGCO Pcl. EGCO Tower, 222 Moo 5, Vibhavadi Rangsit Rd., Tungsonghong, laksi, Bangkok 10210

[email protected] 02 998 5999 # 5208, 02 998 5208

02 955 0956-9

94 Bhunnapa Emarath Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

53 Moo 2 Charan Sanit Wong Road, Bangkruai, Nonthaburi 11130

[email protected]

95 Mr. Chanchai Singkeewan Substation Maintenance Section 1/3, Substation Equipment Maintenance Department 1, Central Region Operation Division

Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

285 Moo 6 Tungsukla, Sriracha, Chonburi 20230 [email protected] 02 436 8714 ext. 5712 02 436 8714 ext. 5408

96 Mr. Chayooth Makwattanasuk Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

53 Moo 2 Charan Sanit Wong Road, Bangkruai, Nonthaburi 11130

[email protected] 02 436 4923 02 436 4991

97 Mr. Chira Achayuthakan Engineer Level 4 Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

53 Moo 2 Charan Sanit Wong Road, Bangkruai, Nonthaburi 11130

[email protected] 02 436 2868 02 436 2891

98 Mr. Ekachai Sinratanapakdee Engineer Level 10 Research and Development Office

Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

53 Moo 2 Charan Sanit Wong Road, Bangkruai, Nonthaburi 11130

[email protected] 02 436 4951 02 436 4991

99 Ms. Jiraporn Sirikum Assistant Governor Power Plant Engineering Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

53 Moo 2 Charan Sanit Wong Road, Bangkruai, Nonthaburi 11130

[email protected] 02 436 1068 02 436 3498

100 Mrs. Lawan Nonthaleeruk Economist Level 10 Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

53 Moo 2 Charan Sanit Wong Road, Bangkruai, Nonthaburi 11130

[email protected] 02 436 1615 02 436 1690

101 Mr. Niwat Taponethong Engineer Marketing Section, Business Planning and Market Development Dept., Development and Planning Division

Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

53 Moo 2 Charan Sanit Wong Road, Bangkruai, Nonthaburi 11130

[email protected] 02 436 1638 02 436 1693

102 Mr. Niyom Apipan Scientist Level 11 Energy Planning and Development Department, Research and Development Office

Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

Nonthaburi 11130 [email protected] 02 436 4950, 02 436 4939 02 436 4993

103 Mr. Nophdol Salisdisouk Chief Technology Department Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

Nonthaburi 11130 [email protected] 02 436 8110, 02 436 8170 02 436 8117, 02 436 8176

104 Mr. Panupat Srisaimanee Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

53 Moo 2 Charan Sanit Wong Road, Bangkruai, Nonthaburi 11130

[email protected] 02 436 6311 02 436 6390

105 Mr. Pinij Siripuekpong Assistant Director Research and Development Office

Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

EGAT Building T. 101, Room 1511/4, 53 Moo 2 Charansanithwong Rd., Bangkruai, Nonthaburi 11130

[email protected] 02 436 4901 02 436 4991

106 Mr. Pitarn Chaijinda Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

53 Moo 2 Charan Sanit Wong Road, Bangkruai, Nonthaburi 11130

[email protected] 02 436 8202 02 436 8290

107 Mr. Prasert Intub Manager Training Program Department

Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

P.O. Box 1, Bhumibol Dam, Samngao, Tak 63130, Thailand

[email protected] 055 599 093-6 # 2610, 02 436 8905

02 436 8906

108 Mr. Rattapon Jantamaneechote Biomass Power Technology Development Section, Biomass Power Development Department

Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

53 Moo 2 Charan Sanit Wong Road, Bangkruai, Nonthaburi 11130

[email protected] 02 436 4922 02 436 4991

109 Mrs. Rungrat Yimprapai Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

53 Moo 2 Charan Sanit Wong Road, Bangkruai, Nonthaburi 11130

[email protected] 02 436 4322 02 436 4398

110 Mr. Sakon Peymsawad Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

8/4 Moo 8, Takham, Bangpakong, Chacheongsao [email protected] 02 436 8729

111 Mr. Sathit Sakanant Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

53 Moo 2 Charan Sanit Wong Road, Bangkruai, Nonthaburi 11130

[email protected] 02 436 8204 02 436 8288

112 Mr. Siripong Siengsakul Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

53 Moo 2 Charan Sanit Wong Road, Bangkruai, Nonthaburi 11130

[email protected] 02 436 2413-4 02 436 2412

113 Mr. Somchai Kokkamhaeng Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

53 Moo 2 Charan Sanit Wong Road, Bangkruai, Nonthaburi 11130

[email protected] 02 436 4900 02 436 4991

114 Mr. Somchai Methakawinsopon Senior Manager Business Development Management Department, Fuel Management Division

Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

53 Moo 2 Charan Sanit Wong Road, Bangkruai, Nonthaburi 11130

[email protected] 02 436 6130, 02 436 6630 02 436 6692

24

Page 25: September 2005 Workshop Report

No. Title Name Position Department Organization Address Email Tel Fax

115 Mr. Somyod Puntcharoen Head of Technical Section

Energy Planning and Development Department, Research and Development Office

Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

53 Moo 2 Charan Sanit Wong Road, Bangkruai, Nonthaburi 11130

[email protected] 02 436 4931 02 436 4993

116 Ms. Sorada Puangprakoan Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

53 Moo 2 Charan Sanit Wong Road, Bangkruai, Nonthaburi 11130

[email protected]

117 Mrs. Sriwan Buranachokepisal Senior Manager Project Development Department

Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

53 Moo 2 Charan Sanit Wong Road, Bangkruai, Nonthaburi 11130

[email protected] 02 436 161 02 436 1690

118 Ms. Sumanee Teerasawasdi Marketing Management Supervisor

Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

53 Moo 2 Charan Sanit Wong Road, Bangkruai, Nonthaburi 11130

[email protected] 02 436 7418 02 436 7491

119 Mr. Sumonchart Suvannapradip Deputy Governor Power Plant Development Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

53 Moo 2 Charan Sanit Wong Road, Bangkruai, Nonthaburi 11130

[email protected] 02 436 1060 02 436 3498

120 Mr. Supachai Koonsad Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

53 Moo 2 Charan Sanit Wong Road, Bangkruai, Nonthaburi 11130

[email protected] 02 436 7412 02 436 7491

121 Mr. Surachate Jungkasemchokchai

Geologist Level 10 Research ad Development Office

Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

53 Moo 2 Charan Sanit Wong Road, Bangkruai, Nonthaburi 11130

[email protected] 02 436 4956 02 436 4990

122 Dr. Suthep Chimklai Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

53 Moo 2 Charan Sanit Wong Road, Bangkruai, Nonthaburi 11130

[email protected] 02 436 3501 02 436 3590

123 Ms. Sutunya Phyinghirun Economist Development and Planning Division, Project Development Department

Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

Nonthaburi 11130 [email protected] 02 436 1617 02 436 1690

124 Mr. Thanat Kunaruk Chief of Department Research ad Development Division, Wind and solar power Development Department

Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

Bagnkruai, Nonthaburi 11130 [email protected] 02 436 4930 02 436 4993

125 Mr. Tin Ketratanaborvorn Engineer Level 11 Research and Development Office

Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

53 Moo 2 Charan Sanit Wong Road, Bangkruai, Nonthaburi 11130

[email protected] 02 436 4903 02 436 4991

126 Mr. Tossaporn Supomai Electrical Engineer Power Plant Technology Section, Power Plant Technology Department, Development and Planning Division

Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

53 Charan Sanit Wong Road, Bangkruai, Nonthaburi 11130

[email protected] 02 436 1626 02 436 1692

127 Mrs. Waraporn Kunawanakit Research and Development Office

Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

53 Charan Sanit Wong Road, Bangkruai, Nonthaburi 11130

[email protected] 02 436 4910 02 436 4991

128 Mr. Wichai Limsawat Research ad Development Division, Wind and solar power Development Department

Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

Bagnkruai, Nonthaburi 11130 [email protected] 02 436 4933 02 436 4933

129 Mr. Winai Naknam Research ad Development Division, Wind and solar power Development Department

Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand Pcl. - EGAT

53 Charan Sanit Wong Road, Bangkruai, Nonthaburi 11130

[email protected] 02 436 4934 02 436 4991

130 Ms. Kamontip Suato Energy [email protected]

131 Mr. Chavalit Pichalai Director Energy System Analysis Bureau

Energy Policy and Planning Office 121/1-2 Phetchaburi Rd., Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400 [email protected] 02 612 1377, 02 612 1555 # 333

02 612 1378

132 Mr. Monthol Wasuwanich Policy and Plan Analyst Energy Policy and Planning Office - EPPO

121/1-2 Phetchaburi Rd., Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400 [email protected] 02 612 1555 # 522 02 612 1384

133 Ms. Rangsima Pakkoh Policy and Plan Analyst Energy Policy and Planning Office - EPPO

121/1-2 Phetchaburi Rd., Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400 [email protected], [email protected]

02 612 1555 # 504 02 612 1384

134 Mrs. Benjamart Pui-Ock Researcher Energy Research Institute - ERI Chulalongkorn University, 12th Fl., Institute Building 3, Phayathai, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 218 8090-1 02 254 7579, 02 218 8087

135 Mr. Chuson A. Aumrung Energy Research Institute - ERI [email protected]

136 Assoc. Prof. Dr.

Dawan Wiwattanadate Deputy Director Energy Research Institute - ERI Chulalongkorn University, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 218 6930, 02 218 8093 02 218 6920

137 Ms. Jintana Ubonwat Energy Research Institute - ERI Chulalongkorn University, 12th Fl., Institute Building 3, Phayathai, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 218 8091 02 254 7579

138 Ms. Kalayanee Ketmeteekaroon Energy Research Institute - ERI Building 7, 10th Fl., 17 Kasatsuk Bridge, Rama I Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 225 2306 02 225 2306

139 Mr. Komkrit Chuawittayawuth Energy Research Institute - ERI Building 7, 10th Fl., 17 Kasatsuk Bridge, Rama I Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

140 Mr. Werayut Wongamornchai Project Consultant Supporting Consultant to Compulsory Program Operation

Energy Research Institute - ERI DEDE, Bldg. 6, 8th Fl., 17 Rama 1 Rd., Kasatsuk Bridge, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 223 0021 # 1271 02 222 3120

25

Page 26: September 2005 Workshop Report

No. Title Name Position Department Organization Address Email Tel Fax

141 Dr. Witchakorn Charusiri Researcher Energy Research Institute - ERI Chulalongkorn University, 12th Fl., Institute Building 3, Phayathai, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 218 8097 02 254 7579

142 Ms. Jarunee Kornchaiya Senior Environmental Consultants

Environmental Engineering Consultant Co., Ltd

Fortune Town, Office Building, 28th Fl., No. 1, Rama IX intersection, Ratchadaphisek Rd., Dindaeng, Bangkok 10320

[email protected] 02 642 1200 02 642 1216-7

143 Mr. Puttipol Boonjungmonkol Business Development Manager

Foster Wheeler International Corporation 9th Fl., Maneeya Center Building, 518/5 Ploenchit Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 652 0542 02 652 0836

144 Ittaboon Leelavanichkul Trainee - Commercial Leadership Program

GE Energy 7th Fl., Capital Tower, All Seasons Place, 87/1 Wireless Rd., Lumpini, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 627 8799 02 627 8788

145 Mr. Pongkiat Srisurin Marketing Development Manager

GE Energy 7th Fl., Capital Tower, All Seasons Place, 87/1 Wireless Rd., Lumpini, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 627 8746 02 627 8788

146 Mol. Peetiporn Varavarn Senior Marketing Intelligence Officer

Glow Co., Ltd. 195 Empire Tower, 38th Fl., Park Wing, South Sathorn Rd., Bangkok 10120

[email protected] 02 670 1500-1 # 4102 02 670 1548-9

147 Mr. Soon Kaewchansilp Advisor Glow Energy 195 Empire Tower, 38th Fl., Park Wing, South Sathorn Rd., Bangkok 10120

[email protected] 02 670 1500-1 02 670 1548-9

148 Mr. Narongchai Visutrachai Glow Group 195 Empire Tower, 38th Fl., Park Wing, South Sathorn Rd., Bangkok 10120

[email protected] 02 670 1500 # 4201 02 670 1548-9

149 Ms. Patra Tangnoi Assistant Manager, Business Development

Gulf Electric Pcl. 11th Fl/. M. Thai Tower 1, All Seasons Place, 87 Wireless Rd., Lumpini, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 6540155 # 221 02 654 0156

150 Mr. Ravi Kurmarohita Senior Vice President, Business Development

Gulf Electric Pcl. 11th Fl/. M. Thai Tower 1, All Seasons Place, 87 Wireless Rd., Lumpini, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected] 02 654 0155#225 02 654 0156

151 Mr. Thanon Tantisunthorn Gulf Electric Pcl. 11th Fl/. M. Thai Tower 1, All Seasons Place, 87 Wireless Rd., Lumpini, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330

[email protected]

152 Mrs. Suchada Kamalaporn Industrial Estate Authority of Thailand - IEAT

618 Nikom Makkasan Rd., Ratthewee, Bangkok 10400 [email protected] 02 253 0561 # 7501 02 651 7350

153 Mr. Montree Boonnak Environmental Engineer

Installation Co,. Ltd. 99 Moo 2 Bangkunkong, Bangkruay, Nonthaburi 11130 [email protected], [email protected]

02 879 8672 02 879 8672

154 Mrs. Pattiya Chompuech Deputy Managing Director

Installation Co,. Ltd. 99 Moo 2 Bangkunkong, Bangkruay, Nonthaburi 11130 [email protected] 02 879 8672 02 879 8672

155 Ms. Suwannee Boonthavee Asst. International Manager

Installation Co,. Ltd. 99 Moo 2 Bangkunkong, Bangkruay, Nonthaburi 11130 [email protected] 02 879 8672 02 879 8672

156 Ms. Sirikul Prasitpianchai Projet Co-ordinator International Institute for Energy Conservation - IIEC

12th Fl., UBC II Building, Suite 1208, 591 Sukhumvit Rd., (corner Soi 33), Wattana, Bangkok 10110

[email protected] 02 662 3460-5 02 261 8615

157 Mr. Akrapat Watanakulpanij Section Head Business Development 2 Italthai Industrial Co., Ltd. 2013 New Petchburi Rd., Bangkapi, Huay Kwang, Bangkok 10310

[email protected] 02 319 1031-40, 02 319 2021-37, 02 718 0820-39

02 718 0857, 02 318 2654, 02 318 3027

158 Mr. Narin Synsukpermpoon Italthai Industrial Co., Ltd. 2013 New Petchburi Rd., Bangkapi, Huay Kwang, Bangkok 10310

[email protected] 02 716 6642 02 718 0857

159 Mr. Sarawut Thongkaew Sales Engineer Italthai Industrial Co., Ltd. 2013 New Petchburi Rd., Bangkapi, Huay Kwang, Bangkok 10310

[email protected] 02 319 1031-40, 02 319 2021-37, 02 718 0820-39

02 318 2654, 02 318 3027

160 Mr. Shinya Ozaki Managing Director JFE Engineering & Construction (Thailand) Co., Ltd.

2 Silom Center Building, 17th Fl., Room 1701, Silom, Suriyawong, Bangrak, Bangkok 10500

[email protected] 02 632 6751-8 02 632 6761-2

161 Asst. Prof. Dr.

Chumnong Sorapipatana Chairman Energy Division JGSEE, KMUTT 91 Prachauthit Rd., Bangmod, Tungkru, Bangkok 10140

[email protected] 02 470 8309-10, 02 872 9014-5 # 4105

02 872 6978, 08 872 6736

162 Mr. Komsilp Wangyao JGSEE, KMUTT [email protected]

163 Mr. Navadol Laosiripojana Lecturer JGSEE, KMUTT 91 Prachauthit Rd., Bangmod, Tungkru, Bangkok 10140

[email protected] 02 872 9014-5 # 4146 02 872 6978

164 Representative of Asst. Prof. Dr. Savitri Garivait

JGSEE, KMUTT 91 Prachauthit Rd., Bangmod, Tungkru, Bangkok 10140

[email protected] 02 470 8309 # 4134 02 872 9805

165 Mr. Sebastien Bonnet Research Associate JGSEE, KMUTT 91 Prachauthit Rd., Bangmod, Tungkru, Bangkok 10140

[email protected]

166 Mr. Thanaphon Palikanon JGSEE, KMUTT 91 Prachauthit Rd., Bangmod, Tungkru, Bangkok 10140

02 872 9014-5 # 4146 02 872 6978

167 Ms. Jirunya Paoluglam Chemical Engineer Kasetsart University 50 Pahonyothin, Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900 [email protected] 02 942 8410 #141 02 942 8555 # 1143

168 Ms. Pimolrat Bhubhamilinprateep Kasetsart University 50 Pahonyothin, Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900 [email protected] 02 942 8410 02 942 8410 # 121

169 Mr. Chompol Kandhavivorn Marketing Division Manager

Khon Kaen Alcohol Co., Ltd. 503 K.S.L. Tower 17th Fl., Sriayutthaya Rd., Rachtaewee, Bangkok 10400

[email protected] 02 642 6191-9 # 309 02 642 6294

170 Dr. Somrat Kerdsuwan King Mongkut's Institute of Technology North Bangkok

1518 Piboonsongkram Rd., Bangsue, Bangkok 10800 [email protected] 02 913 2500 # 8324 02 913 2500 # 8324

171 Dr. Suthum Patumsawad King Mongkut's Institute of Technology North Bangkok

1518 Piboonsongkram Rd., Bangsue, Bangkok 10800 [email protected] 02 913 2500 # 8303 02 586 9541

172 Mr. Pichai Kanjanarujivut Managing Director Laem Chabang Power Co., Ltd. Two Pacific Place, 24th Fl., 142 Sukhumvit Rd., Klongtoey, Bankok 10110

[email protected] 02 653 2092-4 # 106 02 653 2095

26

Page 27: September 2005 Workshop Report

No. Title Name Position Department Organization Address Email Tel Fax

173 Ms. Saovaluk Wanasirikul Analyst Lam Soon (Thailand) Pcl. 947/155 Moo 12 Bangna-Trad Rd., Bangna, Bangkok 10260

[email protected] 02 361 8959-87 # 402 02 361 8989

174 Mr. Vichit Pansaksiri Assistant Factory Manager

Lam Soon (Thailand) Pcl. 236 Moo 4 Bangpoo Industrial Estate, Sukhumvit Rd., Prakasa, Muang, Samutprakarn 10280

[email protected], [email protected]

02 709 3610-24 # 1800 02 324 0640, 02 324 0638

175 Mr. Wuthipong Suponthana Leonics Co., Ltd. 119/50-51 Moo. 8, Bangna-Trad Rd., Bangna, Bangkok 10260

[email protected] 02 746 9500 02 746 8712

176 Mr. Arom Boekfah Engineer Mahidol University 25/25, Bhudhamonthon 4 Rd., Salaya, Bhudhanobthon, Nakorn Pathom 73170

[email protected] 02 889 2138 # 6438 02 889 2138 @ 6429

177 Asst. Prof. Bunyonvut Chullabodhi Head of Mechanical Engineering Section

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Mahidol University 25/25, Bhudhamonthon 4 Rd., Salaya, Bhudhanobthon, Nakorn Pathom 73170

[email protected] 02 889 2138 # 6401-3 02 889 2138 # 6429

178 Mr. Preecha Ya-oom Engineer Mahidol University 25/25, Bhudhamonthon 4 Rd., Salaya, Bhudhanobthon, Nakorn Pathom 73170

[email protected] 02 889 2138 # 6438 02 889 2138 # 6438

179 Mrs. Ruengaroon Cheangswang Researcher Mahidol University 25/25, Bhudhamonthon 4 Rd., Salaya, Bhudhanobthon, Nakorn Pathom 73170

02 889 2138 # 6438 02 889 2138 # 6438

180 Dr. Sarawut Watechagit Professor Department of Mechanical Engineering

Mahidol University 25/25 Puttamonton 4 Rd., Puttamonton, Nakornpratom 73170

[email protected], [email protected]

02 889 2138 # 6401, 6416 02 889 2138 # 6429

181 Asst. Prof. Supphachai Nathaphan Mahidol University 25/25 Puttamonton 4 Rd., Puttamonton, Nakornpratom 73170

[email protected] 02 889 2138 #6438 02 889 2138 # 6438

182 Mr. Tanapoj Sakawasakul Engineer Mahidol University 25/25 Puttamonton 4 Rd., Puttamonton, Nakornpratom 73170

[email protected] 02 889 2138 # 6438 02 889 2138 # 6438

183 Mrs. Awnsiri Chawanapong Electrical Engineer 6 Metropolitan Electricity Authority 1192 Rama IV Rd., Klongtoey, Bangkok [email protected] 02 348 5555 02 249 1665

184 Pornarun Sawanplai Micro Biotec Co., Ltd 40/2409 Tovanon Rd., Muang, Nonthaburi [email protected] 02 589 7388, 02 952 1315 02 589 7437

185 Mr. Somchet Swangnetr Regional Director Region Energy Coordination Office 11

Ministry of Energy P.O. Box 49, Suratthani 84000 [email protected] 077 405 035 077 405033

186 Mr. Somchai Phongpiboonsak MITR Technical Consultant Co., Ltd. 1168/8 12th Fl., Lumpini Tower Building, Rama IV Rd., Thungmahamek, Sathorn, Bangkok 10120

[email protected]

187 Mr. Weerasak Sangchai Head Energy Section MITR Technical Consultant Co., Ltd. 1168/8 12th Fl., Lumpini Tower Building, Rama IV Rd., Thungmahamek, Sathorn, Bangkok 10120

[email protected], [email protected]

02 679 9079-84 02 679 9085

188 Mr. Weerasak Sawaswong Energy Project Engineer

MITR Technical Consultant Co., Ltd. 1168/8 12th Fl., Lumpini Tower Building, Rama IV Rd., Thungmahamek, Sathorn, Bangkok 10120

[email protected] 02 679 9079-84 02 679 9085

189 Dr. Kittinan Annanon Researcher National Metal and Materials Technology Center - MTEC

114 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Rd., Klong 1, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120

[email protected] 02 564 6500 # 4703 02 564 6503

190 Ms. Phirada Pruitichaiwiboon Engineer National Metal and Materials Technology Center - MTEC

73/1 NSTDA Bldg., Rama 6 Rd., Rajdhevee, Bangkok 10400

[email protected] 02 644 8150 # 446 02 644 8041

191 Mr. Seksan Papong Engineer Cleaner Technology Advancement Program

National Metal and Materials Technology Center - MTEC

73/1 NSTDA Bldg., Rama 6 Rd., Rajdhevee, Bangkok 10400

[email protected] 02 644 8150-9 # 438 02 644 8041

192 Dr. Subongkoj Topaiboul Researcher National Metal and Materials Technology Center - MTEC

114 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Rd., Klong 1, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120

[email protected] 02 584 6500 # 4010, 4742 02 564 6403

193 Mr. Michael Vender Managing Director New Energy Co., Ltd. 57 Moo 7, Charoenchokdee Rd., Thaboonme, Koachan, Chonburi 20240

[email protected] 038 209 913 038 209 916

194 Mr. Surasak Chansuwan Plan and Policy Analyst Office of Industrial Economics, Ministry of Industry

Rama 6 Rd., Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400 [email protected] 02 202 4291, 01 494 4516 02 644 8817

195 Mrs. Piyanan Soponkanabhorn Chief Energy Section Office of Natural Resources and Environmental Policy and Planning - ONEP

Environmental Impact Evaluation Office, 60/1 Soi Pibulwatana 7, Rama VI Rd., Phayathai, Bangkok 10400

[email protected] 02 271 4231 02 278 5469

196 Mr. Suparerk Srisalleka General Manager Offshore Seal (Thailand) Co., Ltd. 4/9 Moo 16 Theparak Rd., Bangsaothong, Samutprakarn 10540

[email protected] 02 705 0623-4 02 315 1673

197 Mrs. Somjai Amornratchayawichan Panya Consultants Co., Ltd. 22 Ladphrao 35, Chandrakasem, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900

[email protected]

198 Mrs. Somjit Tatiyapongkul Panya Consultants Co., Ltd. 22 Ladphrao 35, Chandrakasem, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900

[email protected]

199 Mr. Taweeruk Musanyalak Energy Engineer Panya Consultants Co., Ltd. 22 Ladphrao 35, Chandrakasem, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900

[email protected] 02 938 2480-90 02 938 9024

200 Dr. Chaiwat Muncharoen Long-Term Local Advisor

Policy and Strategy Coordination Office, MOEN

17 Rama I Rd., Bangkok 10330 [email protected] 02 223 3344 # 2119 02 224 7396

201 Ms. Wimalin Kleawtanong Pollution Control Department - PCD 92 Soi Pahonyothin 7, Pahonyothin Rd., Samsennai, Phayathai, Bangkok

[email protected] 02 298 2221-4 02 298 2202

202 Ms. Thanunporn Tovanasutr Power Prospect Co., Ltd. 4, Sukhumvit Soi 81, Sukhumvit Rd., Bangchak, Prakanong, Bangkok 10260

02 730 0598

203 Mr. Phutthipong Saensabai Prince of Songkla University P.O. Box 2, Hadyai, Songkla 90112 074 287 035-36 074 212 893

204 Mr. Nantawit Auiyamwong Electrical Engineer System Development Division

Provincial Electricity Authority - PEA 200 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900 [email protected] 02 590 5765 02 590 5814

27

Page 28: September 2005 Workshop Report

No. Title Name Position Department Organization Address Email Tel Fax

205 Mr. Supakorn Saengsrithorn Electrical Engineer System Development Division

Provincial Electricity Authority - PEA 200 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900 [email protected] 02 590 5767 02 590 5814

206 Mr. Wongsawat Pilaslaksanakan Provincial Electricity Authority - PEA 200 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900 [email protected] 02 590 5752

207 Mrs. Chonchada Tipdecho PTT Plc. 71 Moo 2 Phahonyothin Rd., K.M. 78 Sanubtup, Wang Noi, Ayutthaya 13170

[email protected] 02 537 3000 # 3245 02 537 3000 # 3250

208 Dr. Kunn Kangvansaichol PTT Plc. [email protected]

209 Mrs. Nattasuda Sakulpaisit Researcher Fuels and Lubricants Research Dept.

PTT Plc. 71 Moo 2 Phahonyothin Rd., K.M. 78 Sanubtup, Wang Noi, Ayutthaya 13170

[email protected] 035 723 099 #3247, 02 537 3000 # 3247

035 723 099 # 3210, 2236, 02 537 3000 # 3210, 2236, 035 723 135

210 Mr. Patikom Saelee Analyst Research Information & Services Division, Research Promotion Department

PTT Plc. 71 Moo 2 Phahonyothin Rd., K.M. 78 Sanubtup, Wang Noi, Ayutthaya 13170

[email protected] 02 537 3000 # 2225 02 537 3000 # 2236

211 Mrs. Usanee Chatranon Vice-President Research and Technology Institue

PTT Plc. 555 Vibhavadi Rangsit Rd., Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900 [email protected] 02 537 3017 02 537 3013

212 Mr. Wichian Tantithumpoosit Specialist Fuels and Lubricants Research Dept.

PTT Plc. 71 Moo 2 Phahonyothin Rd., K.M. 78 Sanubtup, Wang Noi, Ayutthaya 13170

[email protected] 035 723 099, 02 537 3000 # 2415

035 723 135, 02 537 3000 # 2236

213 Dr. Wirachai Roynarin Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering

Rajamangala University of Technology - RMUT

Rangsit - Nakorn Nayok Rd., Klong 6, Thanyaburi, Pathumthani 12110

[email protected] 02 549 3430 02 549 3434

214 Mr. Panyawat Uthaipat Rak Baan Rao Co., Ltd. 555 Moo 5, Makkeang, Muang, Udonthani 41000 042 230 346 042 342 618

215 Mr. Mongkhol Pojpongsan Manager Strategic Planning Department

Ratchaburi Electricity Generating Holding Pcl.

19 SCB Park Plaza, Tower 3 East, 20th Floor, Ratchadapisek Rd., Jatujak, Bangkok 10900

[email protected] 02 978 5026 02 937 9321

216 Mr. Kiyoshi Yanagi Customer Technical Service Manager

Rojana Power Co., Ltd. 32/32 Sino-Thai Tower, 11th Floor, Sukhumvit 21 Rd. (ASOKE), Wattana, Bangkok 10110

[email protected] 02 661 7238-9, 02 661 7245-6, 01 847 2261

02 661 7243

217 Mr. Rene Andersen Counsellor (Environmental and Development)

Royal Danish Embassy - DANIDA 10, Sathorn Soi 1, South Sathorn Rd., Bangkok 10120 [email protected] 02 343 1100 # 1151, 02 343 1151

02 2131752

218 Mr. Theadkiat Keawattana Royal En-Tech Co., Ltd. 88, Pichai Rd., Dusit, Bangkok 10300 [email protected] 02 669 1191-3 02 241 1839

219 Mr. Sukasem Charoenchan Royal Irrigation Department 200/82 Royal Irrigation Department Apartment, Pakkred, Nonthaburi

[email protected] 02 962 3612 02 962 3612

220 Lt. Karoon Sangburimtis Engineer Royal Motor Work Co., Ltd. 88, Pichai Rd., Dusit, Bangkok 10300 [email protected]

221 Lt. Chalum Somabha R & D Division Royal Thai Naval Dockyard Arunamarin Rd., Sirirat, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok 10700 [email protected] 02 475 4042 02 475 4041

222 Mr. Bongkot Prasit School of Renewable Energy Technology, Naresuan University

Pisanulok 65000 055 261 067 055 261 067

223 Mr. Chatchai Sirisumpanwong School of Renewable Energy Technology, Naresuan University

Pisanulok 65000 [email protected] 055 261 067 055 261 067

224 Ms. Prapita Thanarak School of Renewable Energy Technology, Naresuan University

Pisanulok 65000 [email protected] 055 261 067 055 261 067

225 Mr. Thaweesak Panomrerngsak Sharp Thebnakorn Co., Ltd. 12th Fl., Ramaland Building, 952 Rama IV Rd., Bangrak, Bangkok 10500

[email protected] 02 638 3970 02 638 3696

226 Mr. Wichit Sri-on Siam Solar Co., Ltd. 62/16-25 Krungthep-Nont Rd., Bangkhen, Muang, Nonthaburi 11000

[email protected] 02 526 0578-9 02 526 0579 # 22

227 Dr. Bundit Limmeechokchai Chair Mechanical Engineering Program

Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Thammasart University

Thannasat Rangsit, Pathumthani 12121 [email protected] 02 986 9009 # 2206 02 986 9009 # 2201

228 Mr. Somkiet Phornprathanee SK Universal Trade Co., Ltd 96/85 Soi Prachachuen 37, Prachachuen Rd., Bangsue, Bangkok 10800

[email protected] 02 586 0738, 02 910 1140 02 910 1062

229 Mr. Isara Tawanchulee Chief Operation Officer Solartron Pcl. 38 Soi Salinimit, Sukhumvit 69, Prakanong-nua, Wattana, Bangok 10110

[email protected] 02 392 0224 02 381 2971

230 Dr. Pawan Siamchai Solartron Pcl. 38 Soi Salinimit, Sukhumvit 69, Prakanong-nua, Wattana, Bangok 10110

[email protected] 02 392 0224 02 381 2971

231 Mr. Tawatchai Suwannakum Solartron Pcl. 38 Soi Salinimit, Sukhumvit 69, Prakanong-nua, Wattana, Bangok 10110

02 392 0224 02 381 2971

232 Ms. Namthip Sinthunon Srijaroen Palm Oil Co., Ltd. 888/126 Mahatun Plaza Building, Ploenchit Rd., Lumpini, Pathumwan, Bangkok

[email protected] 02 254 2954-6 02 253 1986

233 Mr. Thawin Laovongsa Managing Director Srinate Energy Development Co., Ltd. 595/22 Premsuk Resident 2, Ladprao Rd., Wangthonglang, Bangkok 10310

[email protected] 02 932 8213, 09 665 5338 02 616 2392

234 Mr. Wiroj Yawapongsiri Steam Master Co., Ltd. 31/1 Krungthonburi Rd., Klongsarn, Bangkok 10600 [email protected] 02 440 1921-5 02 440 1918

235 Phakwadee Thammachetsada

Environmental Science Technical Department STFE Co., Ltd. 17th Fl., S.P. building, 388 Phaholyothin Rd., Phayathai, Bangkok 10400

[email protected] 02 273 0037 # 128 02 273 0735

28

Page 29: September 2005 Workshop Report

No. Title Name Position Department Organization Address Email Tel Fax

236 Ms. Sukhuma Chitapornpan Technical Manager STFE Co., Ltd. 17th Fl., S.P. building, 388 Phaholyothin Rd., Phayathai, Bangkok 10400

[email protected] 02 273 0037# 144 02 273 0735

237 Ms. Wipa Kaewwithayakarn Technical Manager STFE Co., Ltd. 17th Fl., S.P. building, 388 Phaholyothin Rd., Phayathai, Bangkok 10400

[email protected] 02 273 0037# 144 02 273 0735

238 Ms. Busakorn Pornchanarungreug

Team Energy Management 152 Team Building, Moo 12, Nuan Chan Rd., Klongkum, Buengkum, Bangkok 10230

[email protected] 02 509 9084-5 02 519 9066-9

239 Dr. Ratchai Saeng-Udom General Manager Team Energy Management Co., Ltd. 152 Team Building, Moo 12, Nuan Chan Rd., Klongkum, Buengkum, Bangkok 10230

[email protected] 02 509 9084-5, 02 509 9098-9

02 509 9066

240 Ms. Kulwarang Suwanasri Thai Agency Engineering Co., Ltd. 2nd- 3rd Fl., Vorasin Bldg., 9 Soi Yasoop 2, Vipavadirangsit Rd., Chomphon, Jatujak, Bangkok 10900

02 691 5880, 02 691 5906 02 691 5820

241 Mr. Udomkiat Ornthuam Thai Agency Engineering Co., Ltd. 2nd- 3rd Fl., Vorasin Bldg., 9 Soi Yasoop 2, Vipavadirangsit Rd., Chomphon, Jatujak, Bangkok 10900

02 691 5880, 02 691 5906 02 691 5820

242 Mr. Jetsada Falert Thai Military Bank Pcl. 1770 New Petchburi Rd., Bangkok 10320 02 230 5924 02 230 5413

243 Mr. Vivat Khositsakul Thai Military Bank Pcl. 1770 New Petchburi Rd., Bangkok 10320 [email protected] 02 230 5564 02 230 5413

244 Mr. Chao Sirichaovanichakan Thai Tallow and Oil Co., Ltd. Factory 1: 30 Moo 4 Saikhueng, Prasaeng, Suratthani 84210, Factory 2: 11/1 Moo 2 Bangsawan, Prasaeng, Suratthani 84210

Head Office: 02 237 1864: Factory 1: 077 367 111-2: Factory 2: 077 365 300-1

Head Office: 02 238 2993: Factory 1: 077 367 113: Factory 2: 077 365 302

245 Mr. Prawit Thayawiwat Thai Tallow and Oil Co., Ltd. Factory 1: 30 Moo 4 Saikhueng, Prasaeng, Suratthani 84210, Factory 2: 11/1 Moo 2 Bangsawan, Prasaeng, Suratthani 84210

[email protected] Factory 1: 077 367 111-2, 077 280 003: Factory 2: 077 365 300-2, 077 365 027, 077 365 047

Factory 1: 077 367 113: Factory 2: 077 365 302

246 Ms. Rungtip Sirichaovanichakan Thai Tallow and Oil Co., Ltd. Head Office: 120 Silom Rd., Bangkok 10500: Factory 1: 30 Moo 4 Saikhueng, Prasaeng, Suratthani 84210, Factory 2: 11/1 Moo 2 Bangsawan, Prasaeng, Suratthani 84210

Head Office: 02 237 1864: Factory 1: 077 367 111-2: Factory 2: 077 365 300-1

Head Office: 02 238 2993: Factory 1: 077 367 113: Factory 2: 077 365 302

247 Mr. Sophon Prohmsuwan Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research - TISTR

196, Pahonyothin Rd., Chatuchak, bangkok 10900 [email protected] 02 579 5515 # 5205

248 Ms. Darin Ruangruchira Thailand International Development Cooperation Agency - TICA

962, Krungkasem Rd., Bangkok 10100 [email protected] 02 282 9831 02 2811002

249 Ms. Titivipa Bhu-anantanondh Thaioil Power Co., Ltd. 123 Chin Towers B, 12th Fl., Vibhavadirangsit Rd., Jompol, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900

[email protected] 02 299 0000 # 7125 02 299 0024

250 Mr. Rungruang Saipawan Manager The Federation of Thai Industries - FTI Queen Sirikit National Convention Center, Zone C, 4th Fl., 60 New Rachadapisek Rd., Klongtoey, Bangkok 10110

[email protected], [email protected]

02 345 1245, 02 345 1000 # 1245

02 229 4283, 02 345 1258-9

251 Ms. Sukanya Usawasuntarangkul The Federation of Thai Industries - FTI 88, Pichai Rd., Dusit, Bangkok 10300 [email protected] 02 669 1192 02 669 1192 # 309

252 Mr. Soranan Nopporn Toyota [email protected]

253 Mr. Supat Mahitthiharn Assistant Manager-Engineering

Tri Energy Co., Ltd, 1550 Thanapoom Tower, 16th Fl., New Petchburi Rd., Makkasan, Ratchathewi

[email protected] 02 207 0307-14 02 207 0315-16

254 Ms. Uraiwan Poolsin Consultant UEE Technology Co., Ltd. 4th Fl., Easynet Bldg., 3079/8-10 Sukhumvit Rd., Bangchak, Phrakanong, Bangkok 10260

[email protected] 02 730 6300 02 730 6305

255 Mr. Pakpoom Boonsom Marketing Manager Usa Economic Development Co., Ltd. 56/7 Prachachan Rd., Thungsonghong, Laksi, Bangkok 10210

[email protected], [email protected]

02 589 0935

256 Mr. Saroce Rocejanasaroj Usa Economic Development Co., Ltd. 56/7 Prachachan Rd., Thungsonghong, Laksi, Bangkok 10210

[email protected], [email protected]

257 Ms. Nisa Pakvilai Valaya Alongkorn [email protected]

258 Mr. Prachuab Matrvichite President Wind Win Tech Co., Ltd 82/95 Moo 6, Pattanakarn Rd., Prawet, Bangkok 10250 [email protected], [email protected]

02 722 4400-4 02 322 8968-9

259 Mrs. Phorntippha Kerr Researcher 218 Phahonyothin 24, Jatujak, Bangkok 10900 [email protected] 02 511 5344-45 02 511 5346

260 Ms. Waraporn Yangsap Research Assistant 218 Phahonyothin 24, Jatujak, Bangkok 10900 [email protected] 02 511 5344-45 02 511 5346

29

Page 30: September 2005 Workshop Report

Annex 2 Agenda of Renewable Energy Development (RED) Model Workshop

Agenda Renewable Energy Development (RED) Model for Thailand

8th – 9th September 2005, Prince Palace Hotel, Racha 1 Room

8th September 05 08.30 – 09.00 Registration 09.00 – 09.15 Opening ceremony Status on political intentions on RE Ms. Siriporn Sailasuta, Director General, DEDE 09.15 – 09.25 Project background Mr. Pravit Teetakeaw, Director, Bureau of Energy Research and

Study, DEDE 09.25 – 09.45 Assumption for calculation of RE generation cost Dr. Boonrod Sajjakulnukit, PRET Project Co-ordinator 09.45 – 10.15 RETEAS (Renewable Energy Technology and Economy

Assessment Spreadsheet) Mr. Lars Møller, Deputy Chief Technical Advisor, PRET Project 10.15 – 10.30 Coffee/tea break 10.30 – 11.00 Technology catalogue Q & A (15 minutes) Mr. Lars Møller, Deputy Chief Technical Advisor, PRET Project 11.00 – 12.00 Barriers and incentives to overcome barriers for renewable

energy technology (financial, technical, legislative, awareness, and other incentives)

Prof. Dr. Thierry Lefèvre, Short Term Expert, PRET Project Q & A (15 minutes) 12.00 – 13.00 Lunch 13.00 – 14.00 Renewable Energy Development (RED) model Q & A (15 minutes) Mr. Nick Andersen, Short Term Expert, PRET Project

30

Page 31: September 2005 Workshop Report

14.00 – 15.00 Work group discussions on different RE technologies (PV, hydro, wind, biomass, biogas, biodiesel, gasohol,& MSW) - Target for specific technology - Penetration rate for the specific technology - Incentives to reach the target and the penetration rate - Suggestions for an action plan for the specific technology Coffee/tea break will be served during the discussions 15.00 – 16.00 Combination and preparation of work group results for presentations

(in English) *The result will be used as input data for RED Model in the

presentation on 9th Sep 05 9th September 05 09.00 – 10.20 Presentations of the work groups result, 20 minutes per group (PV, Wind, Biomass and Biogas) Q & A 10.20 – 10.40 Coffee/tea break 10.40 – 12.00 Presentations of the work groups result, 20 minutes per group

(Hydro, Biodiesel, Gasohol, and MSW) Q & A 12.00 – 13.00 Lunch 13.00 – 14.45 Impact from different scenarios by RED Model

(with input from work group result) Q & A (15 minutes) Mr. Nick Andersen and Mr. Frands Jepsen Short Term Expert

and Chief Technical Advisor, PRET Project 14.45 – 15.00 Coffee/tea break 15.00 – 15.30 Workshop conclusion on recommendations for national action plan Mr. Pravit Teetakeaw Director, Bureau of Energy Research and

Study, DEDE / Dr. Boonrod Sajjakulnukit PRET Project Co-ordinator

15.30 – 16.00 Open Floor

***********************

* DEDE = Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency

PRET = Promotion of Renewable Energy Technologies

31

Page 32: September 2005 Workshop Report

Annex 3 Project Background

PRET Project is a project under cooperation between Thai and Danish

government represented by the Department of Alternative Energy Development

and Efficiency (DEDE) and Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA).

In July 2004, the Project has been reoriented to be in line with “Energy Strategy for

Competitiveness”. The project focuses on giving advisory service to DEDE in

developing the Renewable Energy (RE) sub-strategies and measures able to reach

the targets set in Energy Strategy for Competitiveness.

The Project will promote Renewable Energy technology through action plans,

incentive measures, database and Public and Private Partnership. Now the Project

has developed several tools for RE study and development as follows:

1. RETEAS (Renewable Energy Technology Economic Assessment

Spreadsheet) – a program for calculating generation cost of different RE

technologies

2. Technology Catalogue – a compilation of different RE technologies

3. Barriers and Incentives Catalogue – a list of barriers for RE promotion and

incentives to overcome those barriers

4. Renewable Energy Development (RED) Model – a program for

calculating socio-economic and environment impact from RE

Objectives of the Workshop

To present the tools for renewable energy study developed by PRET Project

and to request for the comments, guidelines or measures from participants then to

use it as input to RED Model, a model for calculating socio-economic impact from

RE. The result will be useful information for further planning of RE development

in Thailand.

32

Page 33: September 2005 Workshop Report

Annex 4 The Assumptions for the Calculation of the Renewable Energy Cost

33

Page 34: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T

Project Background

34

Page 35: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TProject Background

• PRET Project is a project in cooperation between DEDE and DANIDA.

• In July 2004, the Project has been oriented to be in line with “Energy Strategy for Competitiveness” in order to give advisory service to DEDE to reach the targets

35

Page 36: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TProject Development ObjectiveReduce GHG emissions and fuel imports through improved self-reliance on renewable sources of energy

Project Immediate Objectives• Cost-effective Strategies with Action Plans for

the dissemination of RETs with promising market potential in Thailand are adopted and implemented by the RTG

• Efficient public-private partnership relations for the commercialisation of RETs applications are created and assist the promotion of RETs from the conceptual phase to the implementation

36

Page 37: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TIdentify Cost Effective Strategies

• Identify Renewable Energy Technologies• Identify experience from Thai RET’s• Calculate feasibility from Thai RET’s• Identify the potential for each technology• Calculate Socio economic impact from RET• Describe different impact scenarios• Describe different strategies

37

Page 38: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TRenewable Energy Technology and Economy Assessment Spreadsheet

(RETEAS)

Renewable Energy Technology Catalogue(RETEC)

Renewable Energy Barrier and Incentive Catalog(REBIC)

Renewable Energy Development Model(RED)

Recommendations to the RE Action Plan(REACT)

Tools for Identifying Cost Effective Strategies

38

Page 39: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TAssumptions for Calculation of

RE Generation Cost and Financial Modeling

RETEAS

39

Page 40: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TAssumptions• Fixed tariff for project life• BOI 8 years (extension 5 years for zone 3)• Parasitic load 10% Biomass & Hydro, 5% Biogas,

0% Wind & Solar, and 15% MSW• Financing cost under construction 4%, plant owner

consultant cost 10-15%, 0% for solar, 12% wind, and 6% contingencies

• Power sold to EGAT Plc. only• Mix of local and international available technology• value of substituted steam is 80% of steam value

from bunker oil• Biogas plant input COD 20,000 mg/l; 65% COD

conversion• Wind speed 5 m/s at 10 meter height• Procurement price from PEA is 2.80 Baht/kWh

40

Page 41: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T• make-up water 18-19 Baht/m3• Biomass 1,000 Baht/ton with 4 MWh/ton• 20-year lifetime of equipment (40 for hydro) and

half lifetime repayment• no subsidy• 75% loan: 25% equity• Interest rate: 6.5% p.a.• Min FIRR at 11%• 40 THB/USD• Capacity Factor 12-15% for wind and solar, 40-

60% hydro, and 70-95% for biomass and MSW

Assumptions

41

Page 42: September 2005 Workshop Report

Existing 883.35 MW Existing ……… MW

NRE 0.5% of 52,939 ktoe

Heat(Incentive)3,910 ktoe

Bio Fuel 1,570 KTOE

Ethanol 3.0 M L/dBiodiesel 2.4 M L/d

2545 2554

R&D

Accumulated+New+Biomass 500 MW+Hydro 60 MW+Solar 6 MW+Wind 0.2 MW

=Total 566.2 MW

Heat… ktoe

Bio fuel… ktoe

New from INCENTIVE phase 1

Strategy 2,400–Accumulated 1,163.35= 1,236.65 MW

25672547

Existing 566.2 MW+New+Biomass 300 MW+Hydro 0 MW+Solar 17 MW+Wind 0.15 MW

=Total 883.35 MW

NREpower 0.7%of 61,080 ktoe

NRE 8% of 81,753 ktoe

2551 2558

Existing 883.35 MW+New RPS (Example)+Biomass 120 MW+Hydro 60 MW+Solar 20 MW+Wind 35 MW+MSW 45 MW

=Total 1,163.35 MW

Existing 1,163.35 MW+New RPS (Example)+Biomass 200 MW+Hydro 110 MW+Solar 40 MW+Wind 65 MW+MSW 125 MW+Incentive 1,237 MW+Incentive phase 2=Total …………MW

INCENTIVEphase 2

2002 201120082004 2015 2024

42

Page 43: September 2005 Workshop Report

Annex 5 The Technology Catalog

43

Page 44: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TRenewable Energy

Technology Catalogue(RETEC)

44

Page 45: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TObjective of Technology Catalogue

The main objective of the catalogue is to establish a uniform, commonly accepted and up-to-date basis for energy planning activities.

45

Page 46: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TContent of each Technology – Short description of the Technology– Input to a plant– Output from a plant– Typical capacity– Advantages and problems– Environment/ Life Cycle Assessment– Typical application– Site Selection Criteria– R&D– Overview of key-characteristics– Financial and operational analysis

46

Page 47: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TBiomass Technologies Included

• Biomass based steam generation

• Biomass based cogeneration plant – back pressure steam turbine

• Biomass based Power Generation plant –condensing steam turbine

• Biomass fired absorption cooling47

Page 48: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E THeat only boiler

48

Page 49: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TSteam boiler

49

Page 50: September 2005 Workshop Report

Boiler for Cogeneration

50

Page 51: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TBack pressure steam turbine

51

Page 52: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TCondensing Steam Turbine

52

Page 53: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TLarge scale Absorption Refrigeration

53

Page 54: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TBiogas Technologies Included

• Biogas plant

• Biogas fired boiler

• Biogas fired electricity generation

• Biogas fired absorption refrigeration

54

Page 55: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TDanish Biogasplant

55

Page 56: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TThai Covered Lagoon

56

Page 57: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TFire tube steam boiler

57

Page 58: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TBiogas fired Gas engine

58

Page 59: September 2005 Workshop Report

59

Page 60: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TIncluded Other RE Technologies• Solar Photo Voltaic Systems• Single Wind Turbine and Wind Farm• Municipal Solid Waste• Small Hydro Power• Mini Hydro Power• Micro Hydro Power• Gasohol• Biodiesel

60

Page 61: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T17.5 kW Solar PV at Koh Jik

61

Page 62: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TWind Farm

62

Page 63: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TMSW Incineration in DK

63

Page 64: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T

MSW incineration in Thailand64

Page 65: September 2005 Workshop Report

20 kW Micro Hydro in Laos 65

Page 66: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T1 MW Mini hydro in Laos

66

Page 67: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TBiodiesel Facility

67

Page 68: September 2005 Workshop Report

Annex 6 The Renewable Energy Technology and Economic Assessment Spreadsheet

68

Page 69: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TRenewable Energy Technology

and Economy Assessment Spreadsheet

(RETEAS)*

69

Page 70: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T

16.580%15.8%10.9%0.0822.50Solar PV Residential12.490%15.8%10.9%10.1617.00Solar PV (460 kW)

7.320%16.2%11.0%99.059.78Incineration of MSW

4.700%15.9%10.9%8.085.95Wind (0.5 - 5 MW)

3.580%16.0%10.9%133.154.61Wind Farms

2.860%16.5%11.1%0.593.48Micro Hydro < 50 kW

2.560%16.5%11.1%1.823.20Micro hydro (50 -200 kW)

2.330%20.6%11.1%39.653.30Mini hydro (200 kW - 6 MW)

1.870%20.3%11.0%125.732.65Mini Hydro (6 MW - 30 MW)

4.050%16.0%10.9%10.684.56Biomass condensing, 1 MW

3.570%16.1%11.0%47.754.01Biomass condensing, 5 MW

3.290%16.1%11.0%80.913.67Biomass condensing, 10 MW

1.880%16.7%11.0%8.992.26Biogas electricity

1.620%15.9%10.9%28.842.90Biomass CCP, 1MW(e)

-3.130%16.2%11.0%14.70-2.44Biomass back pressure, 1 MW

-3.880%16.1%11.0%54.97-3.37Biomass back pressure, 5 MW

6.72Diesel Generation (small scale)

Costs THB/kWh

% of investmentEquityProject8.75%THB/kWhCalculation Results

El. GenerationInvest

SubsidyIRR onIRR on

FNPV Mio THB

atTotal

Feed-inElectric Generation Technology

70

Page 71: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TFuel Switching

2.31From N-gas to biogas

2.19From N-gas to biomass

1.41From bunker oil to biogas

0.99From bunker oil to biomass

0.62From bunker oil to N-gas

Yearsfuel switching

Simple payback time for

221331Biogas435652Biomass6791,018N-gas9731,459Bunker oil

THB/ton of steamTHB/MWhTechnologySteam CostsSteam Generation

71

Page 72: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TCooling Substitution

#DIV/0!#DIV/0!1.420%Biomass absorption cooling

52.7%21.8%0.700%Biogas absorption cooling

1.16Conventional cooling

EquityTHB/kWh (c)of

investment

IRR onFIRRCooling CostSubsidy %Cooling Substitution

72

Page 73: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TTechnology; Condensing Steam Turbine 10 MW

THB566,040,000Needed InvestmentTHB0Investment SubsidyTHB566,040,000Total InvestmentTHB/USD40Conversion FactorUSD14,151,000Total InvestmentUSD801,000Contingencies (6%)USD1,650,000End User Consultant Costs etc. (15%)USD450,000Financing Cost under Construction (4%)USD250,000Grid ConnectionUSD11,000,000Turnkey EPC Contract CostUSD/MWe1,100,000Specific EPC InvestmentkW55,556Fuel Input

0%Efficiency, Steam18%Foreseen average annual efficiency, Power20%Nominal efficiency, Power,

kW0Output, SteamkW10,000Output, Power

73

Page 74: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T

THB/year0Value of Substituted Steam (THB)THB/year0Value of Own-Consumed Power (THB)THB/year202,781,384Income from Power Sales (THB)MWh/year55,188Power Production, NetMWh/year6,132Own Consumption - Power (10%)MWh/year61,320Power Production, grossMWh/year0Steam Productionhours/y6,132Operational Hours

0.7Plant FactorOperational Conditions and Income:

0%Amount of Own-Consumed Power100%Amount of Power Sold to PEA

THB/MWh1,168Value of Substituted SteamTHB/kWh2.80Procurement Price from PEATHB/kWh3.67Sales Price to PEA/Feed in tariff

Steam and Electricity:

74

Page 75: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T

THB/year85,166,667Fuel Costston/year85,167Fuel DemandMWh/year340,667Fuel DemandTHB/ton1,000Fuel Price

THB/GJ69Fuel Price

MWh/ton4.00Lower Calorific Value-BiomassFuel Type

Fuel:

THB/year6,000,000Total Salary and Adm.THB/year400,000Average SalaryPersons15Number of Staff Employed

Salary and Administration:

75

Page 76: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T

THB/kWh3.29Generation CostResults:

THB/year59,054,114Interest/Repayments

7%Interest on Loan

Year10Pay-back Period, Loan

THB141,510,000Equity Capital

THB424,530,000Principal, Bank Loan

25%Equity Capital

75%Loan FinancingEconomical Conditions:

76

Page 77: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TAssumptions• Fixed tariff for project life• BOI 8 years (extension 5 years for zone 3)• Parasitic load 10% Biomass & Hydro, 5% Biogas, 0%

Wind & Solar, and 15% MSW• Financing cost under construction 4%, end user consultant

cost 10-15%, 0% for solar and wind, and 6% contingencies• Power sold to PEA only• Mix of local and international available technology• value of substituted steam is 80% of steam value from

bunker oil• Biogas plant input COD 20,000 mg/l; 65% COD reduction• Wind speed 5 m/s at 10 meter height• Procurement price from PEA is 2.80 Baht/kWh

77

Page 78: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T• make-up water 18-19 Baht/m3• Biomass 1,000 Baht/ton with 4 MWh/ton• 20-year lifetime of equipment (40 for hydro) and

half lifetime repayment• no subsidy• 75% loan: 25% equity• Interest rate: 6.5% p.a.• Min FIRR at 11%• 40 THB/USD• Capacity Factor 12-15% for wind and solar, 40-

60% hydro, and 70-95% for biomass and MSW

Assumptions

78

Page 79: September 2005 Workshop Report

Annex 7 The Barriers and Incentives Catalog

79

Page 80: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Renewable Energy Barriers and Incentives

(REBIC)

80

Page 81: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Thailand Main Barriers

81

Page 82: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Thailand Main Barriers Financial Barriers• High capital investment and operation costs compared to conventional fuels• Barrier to implement environmental taxation• Repayment period of a loan is another condition that will impact the feasibility• Bank/corporate guarantee is needed to achieve low interest loan with long

maturity timeTechnical Barriers• Lack of local standards for renewable energy equipments and systems • Easy access to grid connection or flexibility of using transmission line for

power sellingLegal/Institutional Barriers• Coordination among government agencies and the private sector• Complicated authority approval procedures needed for renewable energy

projectsAwareness and Market Barriers• Lack of knowledge concerning opportunities, reliability and lifetime of

technologies• Lack of knowledge concerning positive impacts on the environment from RE

productionOther Barriers• Lack of a Biomass Energy Commodity Market• Lack of tradition for district cooling and district steam markets• Lack of tradition for cooperatively owned renewable energy systems• Lack of willingness/ability to pay a little extra for green energy 82

Page 83: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Financial Barriers

High capital investment costs and high costs of operation compared to conventional fuels:

• Not easy to compete with conventional technology projects• Main financial barriers is the incremental costs for RE power compared to

conventional power• Even with support from ENCON fund available for renewable project, RE

projects are still far from financial viability due to their high capital investment costs and eventual high cost of operation compared to conventional fuels

Barriers to implement environmental taxation because of• Strong political power of fossil-fuel energy interests, and• Concerns about economic competitiveness due to increasing energy price,

consequence of increasing taxation on energy

The repayment period of a loan is another condition that impactsthe feasibility

• Shorter is the loan repayment period, longer is the net cash flow deficit

Bank/Corporate guarantee is needed to achieve low interest loans with long maturity time. In addition, the bank guarantee is also a burden or reduce the capability in the equity

83

Page 84: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Technical Barriers

Lack of local standards for renewable energy equipments and systems

• Renewable energy technology relatively new to the market and haslow demand from users

• Manufacturer Association of RETs does not exist• Standards for renewable energy equipments and systems therefore

have not been developed• Difficult for consumers to select and consider the right performance or

quality of renewable energy technologies products

Easy access to the grid or flexibility of using transmission line for power selling

84

Page 85: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Legal/Institutional BarriersCoordination among government agencies and the private sector

• Main key barrier in renewable energy development and promotion in Thailand

• Establishment of the Ministry of Energy a big boost, but still many institutional barriers, attitudes, cultures remain

• Most policies and measures to promote RE power generation are dependent on feed in tariffs (buy back) set out by EGAT in SPP and VSPP regulation

• Experience from SPP is good for the future preparation of power purchasing contracts and zoning of power plants

• Bias in favour of large-scale/low production cost IPPs is a barrier resulting in limited number of small-scale/higher-cost biomass SPPs being promoted

Complex official approval procedures for RE projects• Too complex/strict controls on environmental aspects or on licensing

from Department of Industrial Work and Department of Energy Business could slow down setting up of new RE Power Projects

85

Page 86: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Awareness Barriers

Lack of knowledge concerning opportunities, reliability and lifetime of technologies

• Green energy or energy from renewable energy is accepted by mostpeople, but successful implementation not guaranteed in Thailand

• Successful cases of RE projects important for other RE developers to know the lesson learnt from real implemented plants in various aspects including selection of renewable energy equipments

Lack of knowledge concerning impacts on environment from renewable energy production

• Although renewable energy is widely recognized as clean energy, building renewable energy power plants in Thailand may encounterdifficulty in gaining acceptance from communities as for building conventional power plants, mainly due to negative perception of people toward power plants in general and concerns over impacts on environment and livelihood

86

Page 87: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Other BarriersLack of a Biomass Energy Commodity Market

• Support for development of a biomass fuel market not obvious at present (e.g. plantation, collection, transporting, and pricing)

• Some fossil fuels (e.g., gasoline and diesel) are subsidised by ENCON fund or receive excise exemptions. This intervention reduces the competitiveness of renewable energy

Lack of tradition for district cooling and district steam markets

• Standards renewable energy solutions from industrial experience needed for new comers into the sector of RE power plants in order to avoid past mistakes

• No configurative support for the district cooling and district steam market development

Lack of tradition for cooperatively owned renewable energy systemsLack of willingness/ability to pay a little extra for green energy

87

Page 88: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Thailand Main Incentives

88

Page 89: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Thailand Main Incentives Financial Incentives• RE Equipment import tax exemption• Company tax / tax credit• Feed in tariff• Investment subsidy to approved standard RE equipment• Low interest loan• Long term repayment loan• Revolving Fund• Bank Guarantee• Combination of Above Mentioned Instruments• Environmental taxation• Clean Development Mechanism• Accelerated depreciation scheme

Technical Incentives• Standard grid connection requirement• Net metering (buying and selling)• Research, Development & Demonstartion (RD&D) programs

89

Page 90: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Thailand Main Incentives Legal/Institutional Incentives• PPA• SPP and VSPP• RPS• Wheeling - Third party Access (TPA)• Cooperative/community ownership of SPP/ VSPP• Regional zoning of renewable energy planning• Conditional exemption from regulations preventing RE production• Easing Administrative Procedures for SPP and VSPP licensing

Awareness Incentives• Green energy campaigns• Compulsory dissemination of RET experience from subsidized projects• Public private partnership (PPP)• Seminar/training/TV commercial/information• Renewable energy educational courses

Other tools to Overcome the market• National support for development of biomass fuel markets• Remove subsidy on fossil fuels/ Taxation on fossil fuels• Support development of district cooling and district steam markets 90

Page 91: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Financial Incentives

RE equipment import tax exemption• Import duty exemption or reduction to cut down the cost of imported

machineries and equipment for renewable energy power plants (to overcome the barrier of high capital cost)

Company tax / tax credit (only if cash flow surplus)• Corporate tax or company tax used on investments or production:

- On investment, corporations receive credits or deduction ranging from 10 to 35% against the cost of equipment or installation (incentive can decreases over time)- Company tax can also be a production subsidy if it gives the exemption or reduction of tax revenue on the income from power production (on kWh sold)- BOI tax exemption: 0% tax for 8 years, and 50% following 5 years (zone 3-58 Prov.)

Feed in tariff• A production incentive paid per kWh of electricity generated• This incentive can be decreased over time, as the technology

penetrates the commercial market (at least fixed for 10 years)

91

Page 92: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Financial Incentives (cont.)Investment subsidy to approved standard RE equipment

• Up front investment subsidies can help overcome the barrier of high initial investment/capital costs (to stimulate the development of less economical RE technologies and generally for small RE systems under 100kW):- One possible scheme is to subsidize approved standard RE equipments - Another option is to subsidies the investment based on a project specific financial analysis provided by the investor- Investment subsidies can usually reach 20-40% of eligible investment costs(EC-COGEN 15%; ECON fund 30%)

Low interest loan• Divided in two categories (loan rate around 3% to 6%):

- Unsecured loans have shorter terms (1-3 years) and relatively high interest rates. Unsecured loans are also known as business credit or business line of credit- Secured loans have longer terms and relatively lower interest rates, with rate and term dependent upon the strength of the collateral and the credit worthiness of the borrower (collateral can be equipment or real property)

92

Page 93: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Financial Incentives (cont.)

Long term repayment loan• Longer term loan normally means for period of more than 10 years

financing• With longer term loan, investor ends up with a lower monthly, semi-

annual or yearly payment (provides a better matching with incomes from power production from the renewable energy system)

• Several ways to calculate payment amounts: equal total payment (amortization), equal principal payments, or equal payment over a specified time period with a lump payment due at the end

Revolving Fund• Renewable Resource Revolving Fund (RRF): Self-sustaining,

market-based financial mechanism to open floor for first generations ofloan raisers

• Repayment is used again for following requests involving eligible schemes and technologies (can integrate concept of low interest rate, long term repayment, and loan guarantee)

93

Page 94: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Financial Incentives (cont.)

Bank/Corporate Guarantee• Loan guarantee can be provided by the government to cover a certain

percentage of the eligible loan (similar to an export credit guarantee)• Loan guarantee mechanism involves capitalization of a guaranteed

facility to be administered by a selected bank that would provide partial-parity guarantees for qualifying loans

Combination of Above Mentioned Instruments• Major concern in renewable energy projects is the very large upfront

costs perceived as risky and unconventional by banks• Improved financing terms such as low interest rate (eventually at below

market interest rates) , long term repayment, and loan guarantee) can significantly reduce project costs (development organizations including the World Bank provide loan guarantees to reduce risks for commercial lenders and thus lower interest rates)

94

Page 95: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Financial Incentives (cont.)Environmental taxation

• Environmental taxation can level the economic playing field by imposing a per kWh tax on the basis of pollutant emissions

• So far, there have been barriers to implement environmental taxation because of the strong political power of fossil-fuel energy interests, and concerns about declines in economic competitiveness brought on by increasing energy price, consequence of increasing taxation on energy

Clean Development Mechanism• CDM for renewable energy give two types of benefits:

- First is the mitigation of greenhouse gas - Second is the local sustainable development opportunities

• Certified Emissions Reductions (CERs) from the first benefit mayprovide a way to monetise the climate change benefits

• The second benefit could be monetised through the issuing and trading of tradable green certificates (TGCs - implemented in U.K., Italy, Sweden, Belgium, and the Netherlands and may be applied at the EU level)

• CDM is also possible with the Private Finance Initiatives (PFI (i.e. combine soft loan with ESCO (Energy Service Company) and CDM concept

95

Page 96: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Financial Incentives (cont.)Accelerated depreciation scheme

• Accelerated depreciation is a kind of incentive to benefit thoseentities who invest in or purchase qualified renewable energy equipment

• Any method of accounting for depreciation acceptable whereby greater depreciation is taken in the early life of an asset and smaller amounts toward the end of the life period. Accelerated depreciation permits larger tax deductions in early years

• The ACRS (Accelerated Cost Recovery System) is an accelerated depreciation schedule allowed for tax purposes

96

Page 97: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Technical Incentives

Standard grid connection requirement• The Regulations for the Purchase of Power from Very Small Renewable

Energy Power Producers consists of two sections: • Commercial regulations (permitted renewable energy fuels, application

and connection procedures, costs incurred by each party, tariffs, and billing arrangements)

• Technical regulations specify the requirements for a small renewable energy generator to connect to the grid (responsibilities for each party (utility or customer generator); criteria for synchronization (acceptable voltage levels, frequency, power factor, harmonics); required protection relays, and provisions for emergency disconnection; aggregate interconnection)

• Regulations combined with time-of-use (TOU) metering allow the possibility of increasing revenues by generating electricity during peak tariff hours (9 am to 10 pm) and consuming less expensive electricity during off-peak hours

97

Page 98: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Technical Incentives (cont.)

Net metering (buying and selling)• Net metering is used for measuring bi-directionally both consumption

and production. Net metering measures the amount by which the electricity delivered to you exceeds the electricity you generate, resulting in a "net" total from which your bill is calculated

• Net metering laws always force the user or renewable energy generator to connect to the grid under net metering arrangements.

• Surplus renewable energy generation is sold to the utility at a rate set by the utility (e.g., at avoided cost, retail or higher rates)

Research, Development, and Demonstration (RD&D) programs

• To stimulate current implementation of commercial renewable energy projects

• Grants or budgets for research, development and demonstration play and important role in bringing promising non commercial renewable energy technologies to economic sustainability

• Limited use of demonstration projects is a key in developing local capacity to install, maintain, and repair

98

Page 99: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Technical Incentives (cont.)

Technology transfer• In the narrowest sense, technology transfer means simply transfer of

equipment from one place to another, whether purchased (direct sales) or donated (i.e., through development assistance).

• A more compelling definition is that technology transfer means that local capabilities to understand, develop, produce, and use technologies are enhanced. This definition includes, for example, manufacturing joint ventures, technology licensing, joint research programs, university programs, personnel exchanges and training,service personnel and infrastructure, consumer understanding, policy maker familiarity, etc…

• Even further, technology transfer means anything that facilitates the adoption, adaptation, diffusion, and dissemination of new technologies within a given country.

99

Page 100: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Technical Incentives (cont.)

Standard specification on imported RE equipment• Organizations use standards when comparing, rating, or installing

materials or products. Standard specification shows physical requirements or characteristics

• While standards are usually followed voluntarily, codes are legally enforceable in the jurisdictions where they have been adopted.

• Standards take the forms of specifications, test methods, performance criteria, or practices. They are developed by professional groups. Many manufacturers and installers voluntarily adhere to standards. Complying with the standards makes them eligible for grants and loan guarantees or tax incentive programs, and provides them with a more marketable product or service

100

Page 101: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Technical Incentives (cont.)

Industrial association standard RE solutions• Generally an industrial association standard renewable energy solution

is set up to educate and guide the public about the wide range of available renewable energy products and their advantages for consumers and society.

• The standard renewable energy solution will bring successful cases combined with best management practices, and then formulated into standard RE solutions.

• The objectives of standards are also to promote an ethical industry of quality products and services and to encourage public policy andcommercial practices which foster greater use of renewable energy.

• If the association deals with the sectors of research and development, the promotion of R&D will gain a better understanding of the market for renewable energy, and disseminate information about and within the industry via the standard RE solution

101

Page 102: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Legal IncentivesPower Purchase Agreement (PPA)

• The renewable energy projects are practically considered to be risky by financial sectors. The reliability, or stable long term revenue is an important basis for raising finance or long term loans

• Reliable power purchase agreements contract is a key in guaranteeing a market and a price for electricity generated

• The standardized PPA were originally designed for either firm or non firm power sale

Small and Very Small Power Producers (SPP and VSPP)• Direct sale to Industry• As an alternative to PPA, an SPP or VSPP may enter a supply contract

directly with an industry or other entity which may require power and/or heat. This option is normally arranged as an Energy Purchase Contract (EPC) and the energy production is handled by an ESCO

• The conditions for remuneration of the electricity sales (and may be also heat/steam) are governed by a EPC between the parties (a reasonable rate of power purchasing price is often referred to as 80% of the average alternative purchase price from the public grid)

102

Page 103: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Legal Incentives (cont.)Reference Portfolio Standard (RPS)

• The RPS is a new type of market-based policy that obligates each retail seller of electricity to include in its resource portfolio a certain amount of electricity from renewable energy resources (quota system)

• The government issues a framework which forces the conventional power producer to produce, sell, or distribute a certain amount of its energy from renewables sources

• The targets may identify eligible technologies or technology band in order to protect RETs from strong competition from lower cost options.

• The quota are usually tradable between companies to avoid marketdistortions

Wheeling – Third party Access (TPA)• Wheeling consists in the use of the grid by independent generators

to wheel electricity to consumers located in a different place remotely located from the renewable energy resources

• Customers and generators arrange bilateral contracts for the sale of electricity

103

Page 104: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Legal Incentives (cont.)Cooperative/community ownership of SPP/ VSPP

• Cooperative or community (and also individual) ownership of power plants may be implemented through numerous mechanisms, is crucial for the dissemination of RETs, and should be promoted

Regional zoning of renewable energy planning• When proliferation of small-scale power plants serves the interests of the

general community, concept of power plant zoning should be considered• Energy zoning process aims at expediting renewable energy

development without shortage of resources or fighting for resources• Objective is to increase awareness on distributed power generation

technologies and to ensure that institutional and legal barriers do not impede their development

Conditional exemption from regulations preventing RE production

• Enforcing environmental standards on all generators can be a huge barriers for conventional power plants. Conventional plants withexemptions are often low-cost producers and the dirtiest

• Existing facilities, even if old, should face the same environmental standards as new plants, even if this imply their decommissioning

104

Page 105: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Legal Incentives (cont.)Easing Administrative Procedures for SPP and VSPP licensing

• EPPO is working on a VSPP draft revised regulation (EFE’s Study) to upgrade the capacity of VSPPs from 1 MW up to 6 MW.

• The term “Very Small RE Power Producer” (VSREPP) will be changed to “Very Small Power Producer” (VSPP) in order to open for not only renewable energy producers but also for other commercial energy producers (e.g., cogeneration)

105

Page 106: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Awareness Incentives

Green energy campaigns• Green energy is generally used to describe environmentally friendly

sources of power. In particular, green energy must be renewable and non-polluting

• Green energy includes: Geothermal, Wind, Small-scale hydropower, Solar, Biomass, Tidal, and Wave power as well as other REs

• Green energy provides two kinds of benefits: i) reduce environmental impacts of production and delivery of primary energy; and ii) reduce the environmental emissions from final energy used

Compulsory dissemination of RET experience from subsidized projectsThe systematic dissemination of RET experience could also be made in a lesser degree as voluntary through activities as awards, catalogues, advertising, etc…Within the same technology or fuel type, the renewable energy producers joining the Association partnerships would state theirwillingness to contribute to society and describe the substance of their contribution, particularly passed success/failure experiences

106

Page 107: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Awareness Incentives (cont.)Public private partnership (PPP)

• A Public Private Partnership (PPP) is a partnership between Public and Private sectors for the purpose of delivering projects or services which were traditionally provided by the public sector

• The PPP process recognizes that both the public sector and the private sector have certain advantages relative to the other in the performance of specific tasks, and can enable public services and infrastructures to be provided in the most economically efficient manner by allowing each sector to do what it does best

• Private sector innovation and technological, financial and management expertise can be gained through using a PPP approach to projectstraditionally within the sphere of local authorities

Seminar/training/TV commercial/information• There are various methods and medias for passing information to the

target group in renewable energy sector, such as:Meeting, Training, Seminar, Workshop, Conference, Advertisement Campaign, etc…

107

Page 108: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Awareness Incentives (cont.)

• Renewable energy educational courses• Human resource and research are important factors in developing

renewable energy in Thailand • If academic sector cannot provide enough human resource, the

development speed cannot be accelerated (role of Thai universities and research centres fundamental)

• Otherwise the RE development will have to rely on imported technologies and experts from foreign country

108

Page 109: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Other tools to overcome barriersNational support for development of biomass fuel markets

• Government should support the design, implementation and operation of biomass energy commodity markets through various mechanisms presented earlier (PPP, CDM, Cooperative/community ownership, regional zoning, etc…)Remove subsidy on fossil fuels/Taxation on fossil fuels

• There is no real competition between fossil fuel and renewable energy • However, removing subsidies and adding up taxes on fossil fuels will

certainly increase competitiveness of renewable energy• Increase of international crude oil price resulting in higher price for

gasoline/diesel is also a good opportunity to increase competitiveness of gasohol/dieselhol, under the condition that there will be no new policy interference with the prices of gasoline/diesel through subsidies

• Exemption of excise for ex-refinery ethanol for production of gasohol/dieselhol is a good opportunity for gasohol

• Levy on fossil fuels, accumulated into the ENCON Fund is a good opportunity for gasohol/dieselhol, which therefore should not to be levied to increase their competitiveness

109

Page 110: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

Other tools to overcome barriers (cont.)

Support development of district cooling and district steam markets

• When developing biomass power plants, the selection of technology should analyze carefully all the energy needs of the community or vicinity around the biomass power plant, particularly such as the need for cooling energy or for heat energy or steam

• Industrial sectors i.e. frozen food, canned food, storage food, and others, also need heat or cooling which sometimes have not been developed in the community

• After first evaluating cooling and heating demand/need, the cluster or grouping by area (zoning) is important to design and implement district cooling and district heating networks

• Various mechanisms shown above will help in developing these networks for the communities

110

Page 111: September 2005 Workshop Report

9/29/2005

ConclusionsMany financial, technical, legal/institutional, awareness and other instruments and measures can be actively used for the promotion and development of Renewable Energy Technologies in ThailandMost probably, a combination of these instruments and measures will be necessary to overcome existing barriers and to propose solutions which are attractive to all sectors of the marketThe PPP is certainly one of the most important process to be actively pursued, as only through a very close cooperation between all society stakeholders, public and private, will the penetration of RETs be possible. This process will most probably require some importantinstitutional and legal reforms from all sectors to allow new solutions to emerge and allow RETs to penetrate the marketPlanning and policy skills from the government, local authorities and also communities will need also to be reinforced to allow the preparation of action plans and programmes promoting and developing RETS in ThailandCapacity building will be a key factor for RETs in Thailand and should involver all academic and research facilities from the public and private sector

111

Page 112: September 2005 Workshop Report

Annex 8 The Renewable Energy Development

112

Page 113: September 2005 Workshop Report

Nick Bjørn Andersen, PRETM.Sc., B. Com

Renewable Energy DevelopmentModel (RED)

Issues:•RE Target•Approach to modelling•Assumptions•RED analyses

113

Page 114: September 2005 Workshop Report

Existing ……… MW

NRE 0.5% of 52,939 ktoe

Heat(Incentive)3,910 ktoe

Bio Fuel 1,570 KTOE

Ethanol 3.0 M L/dBiodiesel 2.4 M L/d

2545 2554

R&D

Accumulated+New+Biomass 500 MW+Hydro 60 MW+Solar 6 MW+Wind 0.2 MW

=Total 566.2 MW

Heat… ktoe

Bio fuel… ktoe

New from INCENTIVE phase 1

Strategy 2,400–Accumulated 1,163.35= 1,236.65 MW

25672547

Existing 566.2 MW+New+Biomass 300 MW+Hydro 0 MW+Solar 17 MW+Wind 0.15 MW

=Total 883.35 MW

NREpower 0.7%of 61,080 ktoe

NRE 8% of 81,753 ktoe

2551 2558

Existing 883.35 MW+New RPS+Biomass 120 MW+Hydro 60 MW+Solar 20 MW+Wind 35 MW+MSW 45 MW

=Total 1,163.35 MW

Existing 1,163.35 MW+New RPS+Biomass 200 MW+Hydro 110 MW+Solar 40 MW+Wind 65 MW+MSW 125 MW+Incentive 1,237 MW+Incentive phase 2=Total …………MW

Existing 883.35 MW

INCENTIVEphase 2

2002 201120082004 2015 2024

114

Page 115: September 2005 Workshop Report

RE Target‘Incentives track’

INCENTIVE1237 MW

2011 INCENTIVE6500-7500 GWh

INCENTIVE? MW

>>2011 INCENTIVE? GWh

115

Page 116: September 2005 Workshop Report

Renewable Energy DevelopmentRE because:

• Need for new power capacity • Growing fuel import burden• RE resources available• RE technology available• Competent HR available• Improving the environment• Improving economic competitiveness

116

Page 117: September 2005 Workshop Report

RE tech

RE potential

HR Capital

Market

How?

Stable environment

Capital

RE awareness

RE PolicyRegulatory framework:•Regulation•Incentives•Removing barriers

117

Page 118: September 2005 Workshop Report

Challenges

Socio-economy

Market economy

Condensing existing energy data

Awareness Raising

Regulatory framework

IncentivesRE option analysis

Socio-economic analysis

RED Model

118

Page 119: September 2005 Workshop Report

RE Technology optionsMunicipal solid waste, 2 MWBiomass back pressure, 1 MWBiomass back pressure 5 MWBiomass Combined Cooling and Power, 1 MWBiomass condensing, 1 MWBiomass condensing, 5 MWBiomass condensing, 10 MWBiomass steam boiler, 7,5 MWBiogas power generation, 1 MWBiogas steam boiler, 2,5 MWMini hydro (200 kW - 6 MW)Micro Hydro < 50 kWWind Farm, 20MWSolar PV large scale, 0.45 MWSolar PV Residential

119

Page 120: September 2005 Workshop Report

Demand limitationsDemand limitations for the 'INCENTIVES' scheme

Demand restrictions Resource

RE Technology Area Area

Total demand

Max. implemen-

tation

Max. implemen-

tationGWh % GWh

Steam demand Biomass

Back pressure turbines, Steam

boilers Industries 35867 50% 17933Steam demand Biogas Steam boilers Industries 8967 50% 4483

Cooling demand Biomass

Biomass Combined Cooling

and PowerIndustries, buildings 40000 6,8% 2720

120

Page 121: September 2005 Workshop Report

RE Incentives

• Feed-in (BTH/kWh)• Tax exemption 8 years• Tax exemption ++ 5 years• Investment subsidy (%)• Low interest rate

121

Page 122: September 2005 Workshop Report

• Long-Range Energy Alternatives Planning System (LEAP), which is developed by the Stockholm Environment Institute.

• National Energy Modelling System(NEMS). This model is developed and maintained by the Energy Information Administration (EIA), USA.

• MESAP - Modular Energy System And Planning.

Software for Modelling

122

Page 123: September 2005 Workshop Report

Spreadsheet Model; RED

Socio-economicImpact Assessment Modelling

Advantages:•Flexible for modelling the specific incentives•Easy structuring of input data•Easier in use

123

Page 124: September 2005 Workshop Report

RE tech options

Incen-tives

RE resources

Implemen-tation

Demand

Incentives

124

Page 125: September 2005 Workshop Report

Economic Approach

Plant investor decisions based on Financial Terms (e.g. NPV, FIRR)

Socio-economic evaluations terms (e.g. NPV, EIRR)

RE implementation

Incentives

Defines attractive RE technologies

RE Plant financials

125

Page 126: September 2005 Workshop Report

RED Calculation Methodology

• Technologies• Financial analyses (FIRR)• Penetration (model)• Socio-economic analysis, power costs• Incentives

126

Page 127: September 2005 Workshop Report

Socio Economic Results

% NPVInvestment Costs (Million THB) 24,2% 280.956 Total O&M and Salaries (Million THB) 13,6% 157.877 Cost of Fuel (Million THB/year) 52,8% 612.165 Externality Costs (Million THB) 14,5% 167.800 Scrap value at 20 years -5,1% (59.409)

Total (mill. THB) 100,0% 1.159.388Power production (GWh) 336.861 Steam production (GWh) 205.695

Employment, man-years per year (average) Man-years 190.397

Socio Economic discount rate 6,00%Value ratio MWh power/MWh steam THB/THB 1,43Equivalent power production GWh 480.314

Socio economic power cost - discounted THB/KWh 2,41Socio economic steam cost - discounted THB/KWh 1,68Socio economic energy production THB/KWh 2,14

127

Page 128: September 2005 Workshop Report

The scope - A dynamic processRE Resources• Biomass• Biogas• Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)• Wind• Solar Energy

Incentives• Feed-in tariffs• Tax exemptions (8 year, ++5 years)• Investment subsidies• Low-interest loans

Output• Electricity• Steam• Cooling

Target group• DEDE/PRET

Producing RE Fuels• Bio-diesel• Ethanol

128

Page 129: September 2005 Workshop Report

RED Input Parameters• Technical parameters• Financial Parameters• Socio-economic parameters• Externalities

• RE potential in Thailand• Incentives

129

Page 130: September 2005 Workshop Report

Wind Power 20 MW #

1st year operation 1st year operation Results and key figurData and Investment for Back Pressure Steam Turbine Unit:Output, Power 20.000 kW IRR on project - 20 year, after taxOutput, Steam kW Salary and Administration: IRR on equity - 20 year, after taxNominal efficiency, Power, 15% Number of Staff Employed 3 Persons Electricity generation cost (FinancForeseen average annual efficiency, Power 15% Average Salary 600.000 THB/yearEfficiency, Steam 0% Total Salary and Adm. 1.800.000 THB/yearWind input 133.333 kW Key figuresSpecific EPC Investment 1.000.000 US$/MWe Fuel:Turnkey EPC Contract Cost 20.000.000 USD Fuel Type - Technology Wind Power 20Grid Connection USD Lower Calorific Value MWh/ton INVFinancing Cost under Construction (5%) 1.000.000 USD ElecEnd User Consultant Costs etc. (12%) 2.400.000 USD SteamContingencies (0%) 0 USD Energy content in Wind 175.200 MWh/year O&MTotal Investment 23.400.000 USD Sal&AdmConversion Factor 40 THB/USD Capital CostTotal Investment 936.000.000 THB FuelInvestment Subsidy 0 THB O&M Costs:Needed Investment 936.000.000 THB O&M Costs 800 THB/MWhe

Make-up Water THB/MWhthSteam and Electricity: O&M Costs 21.024.000 THB/year

Make-up Water 0 THB/year AssumptionsMaterials/Other Costs 0 THB/year Annual mean wind speed at hub h

Value of Substituted Steam THB/MWh Total O&M Costs 21.024.000 THB/year Weibull factor (2-3-4) (inland-sea-iAmount of Power Sold to PEA 100% Total O&M Costs 2,85% Tower heightAmount of Own-Consumed Power 0% Site altitude

Economical Conditions:Operational Conditions and Income: Loan Financing 100%Plant Factor 0,15 Equity Capital 0%Operational Hours 1.314 hours/y Principal, Bank Loan 936.000.000 THB Turnkey EPC Contract CostSteam Production 0 MWh/year Equity Capital 0 THB MachineryCooling production Pay-back Period, Loan 10 Year Civil WorksPower Production, gross 26.280 MWh/year Interest on Loan 6,5% EngineeringPlant Operation Consumption - Power (0%) 0 MWh/year Interest/Repayments) 130.201.990 THB/year Other CostsPower Production, Net 26.280 MWh/year

Value of Substituted Steam (THB) 0 THB/year Investment lifetime 20 yearsValue of produced/sold cooling (THB) THB/year Scrap value, after 20 years 0,0% % of initial INV Turnkey EPC Contract Cost

130

Page 131: September 2005 Workshop Report

Cash Flow Budget (1,000 THB)Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Initial Investment Costs (THB) 936.000Salary and Administration (THB) 1.800 1.800 1.800 1.800 1.800 1.800 1.800 1.800Fuel (THB) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0O&M (THB) 21.024 21.024 21.024 21.024 21.024 21.024 21.024 21.024Interest and capital repayments, LOAN 130.202 130.202 130.202 130.202 130.202 130.202 130.202 130.202Total Expenses (THB) 153.026 153.026 153.026 153.026 153.026 153.026 153.026 153.026Income from Power Sales (THB) 291.866 291.866 291.866 291.866 291.866 291.866 291.866 291.866Value of Own-Consumed Power (THB) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Value of Substituted Steam (THB) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Value of Substituted Cooling (THB) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Total Income (THB) 291.866 291.866 291.866 291.866 291.866 291.866 291.866 291.866Cash-flow before Tax (THB) 138.840 138.840 138.840 138.840 138.840 138.840 138.840 138.840Interest and capital repayments, LOAN 130.202 130.202 130.202 130.202 130.202 130.202 130.202 130.202Depreciation -46800 -46800 -46800 -46800 -46800 -46800 -46800 -46800Interests -60.840 -54.756 -48.672 -42.588 -36.504 -30.420 -24.336 -18.252Operational income before tax 161.402 167.486 173.570 179.654 185.738 191.822 197.906 203.990

Company Tax (THB) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Operational income after tax 161.402 167.486 173.570 179.654 185.738 191.822 197.906 203.990Cash-flow after Tax (THB) 138.840 138.840 138.840 138.840 138.840 138.840 138.840 138.840

Value of tax exemptionCompany Tax if no tax exemption(THB) 48.421 50.246 52.071 53.896 55.721 57.547 59.372 61.197Value of tax exemption 48.421 50.246 52.071 53.896 55.721 57.547 59.372 61.197

IRR and generation costsIRR on project - 20 year, after tax 26,3%IRR on equity - 20 year, after tax -9900,0%

Scrap valueCalculation line - FIRR on project -936.000 269.042 269.042 269.042 269.042 269.042 269.042 269.042 269.042Calculation line - IRR on Equity 0 138.840 138.840 138.840 138.840 138.840 138.840 138.840 138.840

Electricity generation cost (ex. profit) 4,10 THB/kWh

Interest and capital repayments, 100% LOAN 130.202 130.202 130.202 130.202 130.202 130.202 130.202 130.202NPV Cash flow ….

Net expenses (steam is sold) (1000 THB) 1.187.486 153.026 153.026 153.026 153.026 153.026 153.026 153.026 153.026Power production net (MWh/year) 289.566 26.280 26.280 26.280 26.280 26.280 26.280 26.280 26.280

131

Page 132: September 2005 Workshop Report

Assumed average in the period 2006-2025

FINANCIAL ASSUMPTIONS 2005 2005

Price PriceEnergy Price Unit LCV Unit THB/MWh THB/GJ

Crude oil 45 USD/barrel 42,7 MJ/kg 1005 279,1Coal 3500 THB/ton 7,33 MWh/ton 478 132,7Bunker Oil 12 THB/litre 11 kWh/litre 1091 303,0Natural gas 9,00 THB/Nm3 10 kWh/Nm3 900 250,0Natural gas, EGAT 6,00 THB/Nm3 10 kWh/Nm3 600 166,7Diesel 22 THB/litre 10 kWh/litre 2200 611,1Municipal Solid Waste -400 THB/ton 1,67 MWh/ton -240 -66,5Biomass (at present) 600 THB/ton 4 MWh/ton 150 41,7Biomass costs (full utilisation) 1600 THB/ton 4 MWh/ton 400 111,1Biogas 6,5 kWh/m3Customer Power price 3,11 THB/kWhStandard tariff (selling to grid) 2,11 THB/kWh in year 2005Standard tariff (selling to grid) 2,11 THB/kWh in year 2024

Value of substituted steam >>>>>>>>>> 850 236,1Value of substituted cooling >>>>>>>>>> 1236 343,3

132

Page 133: September 2005 Workshop Report

FinancialBank loan interest rate 6,50% % p.a.Level of low interest rate (LIR) 4,30% % p.a.Induced costs to the state (LIR) 0,50% % p.a.Maturity time on Bank Loan 10 YearsLoan financing level 100,00% %Tax, standard 30,0% %Lifetime of equipment 20 YearsConversion Factor 40,00 THB/USD

OthersMean Wind Speed 5 m/s

133

Page 134: September 2005 Workshop Report

Assumed average in the period 2006-2025

SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASSUMPTIONS 2005Price Price % of crude

Energy THB/MWh THB/GJ oil priceCrude oil 1005 279,1Coal 502 139,5 50%Bunker Oil 824 228,8 82%Natural gas 733 203,7 73%Natural gas, EGATDiesel 1266 351,6 126%Municipal Solid Waste -240 -66,5Biomass (at present) 150 41,7Biomass costs (full utilisation) 400 111,1

Subject Unit ValuePrice developments (fuels and others) (see time series)Soc. Econ. Discount rate 6,00% % p.a.Cost separation ratio MWh power/MWh stea 1,43 THB/THBShare:manpower construction work/investm 0,2 share of inv.Manpower cost for delivery of biomass fuel 200 BTH/MWh fuelAverage manmonth costs 15000 Baht/monthCO2-price 150 THB/ton CO2 134

Page 135: September 2005 Workshop Report

What do the alternatives substitute?• Fuel mix, electricity• Steam production (assumption: 100% bunker oil)• Cooling (treated as electricity)

Substitution of fossil fuels

EGAT fuel mix Fuel input Fuel mixGWh/GWh power

Diesel 0,008 0,3%Natural Gas 1,661 69,2%Coal and Lignite 0,639 26,6%Fuel Oil 0,094 3,9%

Overall 2,401 100,0%135

Page 136: September 2005 Workshop Report

Externalities (1)

Specific Emission Costs CO2 SO2 NOX N2O CH4 ParticlesBaht/kg Baht/kg Baht/kg Baht/kg Baht/kg Baht/kg

Damage costs - regional/local* 0,20 98,41 133,37 62,43 4,23 211,04GHG value (based on CDM prices) 0,15 48,00 3,25

Total 0,35 98,41 133,37 110,43 7,48 211,04 *PPP Conversion from Danish Estimates

CO2 equivalents 1 320 21,66

136

Page 137: September 2005 Workshop Report

Externalities (2)Externalities Incl. CO2 SO2 NOX N2O CH4 Particles

Baht/kg Baht/kg Baht/kg Baht/kg Baht/kg Baht/kgDamage costs - regional/local 1 0,20 98,41 133,37 62,43 4,23 211,04GHG value - global 1 0,15 0,00 0,00 48,00 3,25 0,00

Total 0,35 98,41 133,37 110,43 7,48 211,04

CO2 SO2 NOX N2O CH4 ParticlesBHT/kWh BHT/kWh BHT/kWh BHT/kWh BHT/kWh BHT/kWh

Municipal solid waste 0,0235 0,0553 0,0720 0,0016 0,0002 0,1010Biomass back pressure, 1 MW 0,0000 0,0167 0,0624 0,0016 0,0009 0,1010Biomass back pressure 5 MW 0,0000 0,0167 0,0624 0,0016 0,0009 0,1010Biomass Combined Cooling and Power 0,0000 0,0167 0,0624 0,0016 0,0009 0,1010Biomass condensing, 1 MW 0,0000 0,0167 0,0624 0,0016 0,0009 0,1010Biomass condensing, 5 MW 0,0000 0,0167 0,0624 0,0016 0,0009 0,1010Biomass condensing, 10 MW 0,0000 0,0167 0,0624 0,0016 0,0009 0,1010Biomass steam boiler, 7,5 MW 0,0000 0,0167 0,0624 0,0016 0,0009 0,1010Biogas electricity generation 0,0000 0,0068 0,2593 0,0002 0,0081 0,0000Biogas steam boiler, 2,5 MW 0,0000 0,0089 0,0134 0,0008 0,0001 0,0000Mini hydro (200 kW - 6 MW) 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000Micro Hydro < 50 kW 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000Wind farm, 20 MW 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000Solar PV large scale 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000Solar PV Residential 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000 0,0000

Reference scenario elementsConventional production (fuel mix) 0,0876 0,1032 0,1034 0,0006 0,0001 0,0016Steam boiler (steam production mix) 0,0969 0,4120 0,0720 0,0008 0,0001 0,0159Diesel Generation (small scale) 0,0919 0,0829 0,0480 0,0008 0,0000 0,0014

Externalitycosts

BTH/kWh0,2540,1820,1820,1820,1820,1820,1820,1820,2740,0230,0000,0000,0000,0000,000

0,2970,5980,225

137

Page 138: September 2005 Workshop Report

Externalities (3)Municipal solid wasteBiomass back pressure, 1 MWBiomass back pressure 5 MWBiomass Combined Cooling and PowerBiomass condensing, 1 MWBiomass condensing, 5 MWBiomass condensing, 10 MWBiomass steam boiler, 7,5 MWBiogas electricity generationBiogas steam boiler, 2,5 MWMini hydro (200 kW - 6 MW)Micro Hydro < 50 kWWind farm, 20 MWSolar PV large scaleSolar PV Residential

Reference scenario elementsConventional production (fuel mix)Steam boiler (steam production mix)Diesel Generation (small scale)

Externalitycosts

BTH/kWh0,2540,1820,1820,1820,1820,1820,1820,1820,2740,0230,0000,0000,0000,0000,000

0,2970,5980,225

138

Page 139: September 2005 Workshop Report

Financial penetration model

0%5%

10%15%20%25%30%35%40%

0,00% 20,00% 40,00%Project FIRR

Dem

and

for t

he re

sour

ce

139

Page 140: September 2005 Workshop Report

Accumulated Penetration

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

0 5 10 15 20 25

Year

Pene

trat

ion

140

Page 141: September 2005 Workshop Report

RED Model

Scenario

Forc

ed im

plem

ent.

Incl

ude

tech

n.

Feed

-inTa

x ex

emp.

8y

Tax

exem

p.(+

+5y)

Inve

stm

.sub

sidy

Low

inte

rest

Conventional tariffStart(year1) End(year20) Start

No. of THB/KWh THB/KWh yearRE - options plants on on on on on on 2.80 2.80

Municipal solid waste 1 1 1 1 1 1 2.80 2.80 1Biomass back pressure, 1 MW 1 1 1 1 1 1 2.80 2.80 1Biomass back pressure 5 MW 1 1 1 1 1 1 2.80 2.80 1Biomass Combined Cooling and Power 1 1 1 1 1 1 2.80 2.80 1Biomass condensing, 1 MW 1 1 1 1 1 1 2.80 2.80 1Biomass condensing, 5 MW 1 1 1 1 1 1 2.80 2.80 1Biomass condensing, 10 MW 1 1 1 1 1 1 2.80 2.80 1Biomass steam boiler, 7,5 MW 1 1 1 1 1Biogas electricity generation 1 1 1 1 1 1 2.80 2.80 1Biogas steam boiler, 2,5 MW 1 1 1 1 1Mini hydro (200 kW - 6 MW) 1 1 1 1 1 1 2.80 2.80 1Micro Hydro < 50 kW 1 1 1 1 1 1 2.80 2.80 1Wind generated electricity, 1000 kW 1 1 1 1 1 1 2.80 2.80 1Solar PV large scale 1 1 1 1 1 1 2.80 2.80 1Solar PV Residential 1 1 1 1 1 1 2.80 2.80 1 141

Page 142: September 2005 Workshop Report

Economic and financial evaluation

1. What will benefit society?

2. What is already financially viable?

3. What incentives?

142

Page 143: September 2005 Workshop Report

Giving priority to RE

Socio-eco-

nomy Ran

king Finan-

cialFIRR

(')

Ran

king

Mar

-ket

Feed

-in

Oth

ers

Recommendation

BTH/ kWh

BTH/ kWh

Conventional 2,67 1,92

Municipal solid waste 5,86 7,12 (-) X X Municipal initiativesBiomass back pressure, 1 MW 0,79 2 -1,36 29% 3 X Market conditionsBiomass back pressure 5 MW 0,69 1 -2,09 43% 1 X Market conditionsBiomass Combined Cooling and P 2,34 6 -0,37 15% 5 X Market conditionsBiomass condensing, 1 MW 3,37 3,61 (-) X Market conditionsBiomass condensing, 5 MW 2,94 3,14 (-) X Market conditionsBiomass condensing, 10 MW 2,70 7 2,88 (-) X Feed-in for >10 MW

Biomass steam boiler, 7,5 MW (-) 40% 2 X X Subsidy: efficient boilersBiogas electricity generation 1,76 3 1,96 8% X Feed-in

Biogas steam boiler, 2,5 MW (-) 20% 4 X X Subsidy: efficient boilersMini hydro (200 kW - 6 MW) 1,88 4 2,52 5% X Feed-inMicro Hydro < 50 kW 2,21 5 2,67 1% X Feed-in

Wind farm, 20 MW 3,46 4,10 (-) ? ? XSeek good wind conditions

Solar PV large scale 10,57 11,69 (-) ? ? XSolar PV Residential 13,68 15,18 (-) ? ? X

(*) Tax exemp.: 8+5 Feed-in=0

Consider if economic development is desired

143

Page 144: September 2005 Workshop Report

RE Penetration versus feed-in added

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

0 5 10 15

Feed-in added (THB/kWh)

MW

Municipal solid waste

Biomass back pressure, 1 MW

Biomass back pressure 5 MW

Biomass Combined Cooling andPowerBiomass condensing, 1 MW

Biomass condensing, 5 MW

Biomass condensing, 10 MW

Biomass steam boiler, 7,5 MW

144

Page 145: September 2005 Workshop Report

RE Penetration versus feed-in added

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

0 5 10 15

Feed-in added (THB/kWh)

MW

Biogas electricity generation

Biogas steam boiler, 2,5 MW

Mini hydro (200 kW - 6 MW)

Micro Hydro < 50 kW

Wind farm, 20 MW

Solar PV large scale

Solar PV Residential

145

Page 146: September 2005 Workshop Report

Socio-economic generation costs

Scenario RE Tax exemption

Feed-in, total

1 No Re 2,112 No Feed-in X X 2,113 Least cost X X var4 + Full biomass X X var5 + Wind X X var6 ´+ MSW X X var

146

Page 147: September 2005 Workshop Report

Scen

ario

1: N

O R

EFinancial Results Scenario 1 - NO RE 2024

Electricity Generation Technology

Feed-in incl. Conv. Tariff

THB/kWh

Instal-led

(MW)

Fuel cons. -% of

potential

Power Prod.

(GWh/year)

Steam Output

(GWh/year)Municipal solid waste 2,11 0 0% 0 0Biomass back pressure, 1 MW 2,11 0 0 0Biomass back pressure 5 MW 2,11 0 0 0Biomass Combined Cooling and Pow 2,11 0 0 0Biomass condensing, 1 MW 2,11 0 0 0Biomass condensing, 5 MW 2,11 0 0 0Biomass condensing, 10 MW 2,11 0 0 0Biomass steam boiler, 7,5 MW 0 0 0Biogas electricity generation 2,11 0 0 0Biogas steam boiler, 2,5 MW 0 0 0Mini hydro (200 kW - 6 MW) 2,11 0 0 0Micro Hydro < 50 kW 2,11 0 0 0Wind farm, 20 MW 2,11 0 0% 0 0Solar PV large scale 2,11 0 0 0Solar PV Residential 2,11 0 0 0Total RE 0 0 0Conventional 25.000 17.933Total 25.000 17.933

Socio Economic ResultsNPV of Socio Economic Cost (million THB) 1.083.678Employment, man-years per year (20 years average) 51.993NPV of Feed-In Tariff (million THB) 0

0%

0%

0%

0%

147

Page 148: September 2005 Workshop Report

Scen

ario

1Socio-Economic Cost Supply Curve

Scenario 1: No RE

0,00

2,00

4,00

6,00

8,00

10,00

0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1

Power Production (GWh/year)

Cos

t of E

lect

ricity

(THB

/kW

h)

RE Power Conventional Conv - high EXT148

Page 149: September 2005 Workshop Report

Scen

ario

2: N

O F

eed-

inFinancial Results Scenario 1 - Feed-in 2024

Electricity Generation Technology

Feed-in incl. Conv. Tariff

THB/kWh

Instal-led

(MW)

Fuel cons. - % of

potential

Power Prod.

(GWh/year)

Steam Output

(GWh/year)Municipal solid waste 2,11 0 0% 0 0Biomass back pressure, 1 MW 2,11 144 793 6.610Biomass back pressure 5 MW 2,11 246 1.359 11.323Biomass Combined Cooling and Po 2,11 149 2.759 0Biomass condensing, 1 MW 2,11 0 0 0Biomass condensing, 5 MW 2,11 0 0 0Biomass condensing, 10 MW 2,11 0 0 0Biomass steam boiler, 7,5 MW 0 0 0Biogas electricity generation 2,11 0 0 0Biogas steam boiler, 2,5 MW 0 0 0Mini hydro (200 kW - 6 MW) 2,11 0 0 0Micro Hydro < 50 kW 2,11 0 0 0Wind farm, 20 MW 2,11 0 0% 0 0Solar PV large scale 2,11 0 0 0Solar PV Residential 2,11 0 0 0Total RE 539 4.911 17.933Conventional 20.089 0Total 25.000 17.933

Socio Economic ResultsNPV of Socio Economic Cost (million THB) 988.856Employment, man-years per year (20 years average) 82.217NPV of Feed-In Tariff (million THB) 0

0%

0%

0%

18%

149

Page 150: September 2005 Workshop Report

Socio-Economic Cost Supply CurveScenario 2: No feed-in

0,00

2,00

4,00

6,00

8,00

10,00

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000Power Production (GWh/year)

Cos

t of E

lect

ricity

(TH

B/k

Wh)

RE Power Conventional Conv - high EXT

Bio

mas

s B

P, 1

MW

Bio

mas

s C

CP,

1 M

W

Bio

mas

s B

P, 5

MW

Scen

ario

2: N

O F

eed-

in

150

Page 151: September 2005 Workshop Report

Scen

ario

3: L

east

cos

tsFinancial Results Scenario 3 - Least Costs 2024

Electricity Generation Technology

Feed-in incl. Conv. Tariff

THB/kWh

Instal-led

(MW)

Fuel cons. - % of

potentialPower Prod. (GWh/year)

Steam Output

(GWh/year)Municipal solid waste 2,11 0 0% 0 0Biomass back pressure, 1 MW 2,11 144 793 6.610Biomass back pressure 5 MW 2,11 246 1.359 11.323Biomass Combined Cooling and Po 2,11 149 2.759 0Biomass condensing, 1 MW 2,11 0 0 0Biomass condensing, 5 MW 2,11 0 0 0Biomass condensing, 10 MW 2,11 0 0 0Biomass steam boiler, 7,5 MW 0 0 0Biogas electricity generation 6,71 148 1.106 0Biogas steam boiler, 2,5 MW 0 0 0Mini hydro (200 kW - 6 MW) 4,21 64 202 0Micro Hydro < 50 kW 3,71 10 45 0Wind farm, 20 MW 2,11 0 0% 0 0Solar PV large scale 2,11 0 0 0Solar PV Residential 2,11 0 0 0Total RE 761 6.265 17.933Conventional 18.735 0Total 25.000 17.933

Socio Economic ResultsNPV of Socio Economic Cost (million THB) 984.210Employment, man-years per year (20 years average) 83.105NPV of Feed-In Tariff (million THB) 7.319

53%

6%

0%

18%

151

Page 152: September 2005 Workshop Report

Socio-Economic Cost Supply CurveScenario 3 - Least costs

0,00

2,00

4,00

6,00

8,00

10,00

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000Power Production (GWh/year)

Cos

t of E

lect

ricity

(TH

B/k

Wh)

RE Power Conventional Conv - high EXT

Bio

mas

s B

P, 1

MW

Bio

mas

s C

CP,

1 M

W

Bio

mas

s B

P, 5

MW

Bio

gas

pow

er, 1

MW

Min

i Hyd

ro, 0

.2-6

MW

Mic

ro H

ydro

, <50

kW

Scen

ario

3: L

east

cos

ts

152

Page 153: September 2005 Workshop Report

Scen

ario

4: B

iom

ass

Financial Results Scenario 4 - Biomass 2024

Electricity Generation Technology

Feed-in incl. Conv. Tariff

THB/kWh

Instal-led

(MW)

Fuel cons. - % of

potential

Power Prod.

(GWh/year)

Steam Output

(GWh/year)Municipal solid waste 2,11 0 0% 0 0Biomass back pressure, 1 MW 2,11 144 793 6.610Biomass back pressure 5 MW 2,11 246 1.359 11.323Biomass Combined Cooling and Po 2,11 149 2.759 0Biomass condensing, 1 MW 5,11 369 2.035 0Biomass condensing, 5 MW 5,11 1.072 5.919 0Biomass condensing, 10 MW 5,11 1.677 9.252 0Biomass steam boiler, 7,5 MW 0 0 0Biogas electricity generation 6,71 148 1.106 0Biogas steam boiler, 2,5 MW 0 0 0Mini hydro (200 kW - 6 MW) 4,21 64 202 0Micro Hydro < 50 kW 3,71 10 45 0Wind farm, 20 MW 2,11 0 0% 0 0Solar PV large scale 2,11 0 0 0Solar PV Residential 2,11 0 0 0Total RE 3.878 23.471 17.933Conventional 1.529 0Total 25.000 17.933

Socio Economic ResultsNPV of Socio Economic Cost (million THB) 1.026.400Employment, man-years per year (20 years average) 162.253NPV of Feed-In Tariff (million THB) 74.952

53%

6%

0%

62%

153

Page 154: September 2005 Workshop Report

Socio-Economic Cost Supply CurveScenario 4 - Biomass

0,00

2,00

4,00

6,00

8,00

10,00

0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000Power Production (GWh/year)

Cos

t of E

lect

ricity

(TH

B/k

Wh)

RE Power Conventional Conv - high EXT

Bio

mas

s B

P, 1

MW

Bio

mas

s C

CP,

1 M

W

Bio

mas

s B

P, 5

MW

Bio

mas

s C

ond,

1 M

W

Bio

mas

s C

ond,

5 M

W

Bio

mas

s C

ond,

10

MW

Bio

gas

pow

er, 1

MW

Min

i Hyd

ro, 0

.2-6

MW

Mic

ro H

ydro

, <50

kW

Scen

ario

4: B

iom

ass

154

Page 155: September 2005 Workshop Report

Scen

ario

5: W

ind

Financial Results Scenario 5 - Wind 2024

Electricity Generation Technology

Feed-in incl. Conv. Tariff

THB/kWh

Instal-led

(MW)

Fuel cons. - % of

potentialPower Prod. (GWh/year)

Steam Output

(GWh/year)Municipal solid waste 2,11 0 0% 0 0Biomass back pressure, 1 MW 2,11 144 793 6.610Biomass back pressure 5 MW 2,11 246 1.359 11.323Biomass Combined Cooling and Po 2,11 149 2.759 0Biomass condensing, 1 MW 5,11 369 2.035 0Biomass condensing, 5 MW 5,11 1.072 5.919 0Biomass condensing, 10 MW 5,11 1.677 9.252 0Biomass steam boiler, 7,5 MW 0 0 0Biogas electricity generation 6,71 148 1.106 0Biogas steam boiler, 2,5 MW 0 0 0Mini hydro (200 kW - 6 MW) 4,21 64 202 0Micro Hydro < 50 kW 3,71 10 45 0Wind farm, 20 MW 11,11 794 18% 1.043 0Solar PV large scale 2,11 0 0 0Solar PV Residential 2,11 0 0 0Total RE 4.672 24.514 17.933Conventional 486 0Total 25.000 17.933

Socio Economic ResultsNPV of Socio Economic Cost (million THB) 1.032.088Employment, man-years per year (20 years average) 164.152NPV of Feed-In Tariff (million THB) 87.249

53%

6%

0%

62%

155

Page 156: September 2005 Workshop Report

Socio-Economic Cost Supply CurveScenario 5 - Wind

0,00

2,00

4,00

6,00

8,00

10,00

0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000Power Production (GWh/year)

Cos

t of E

lect

ricity

(TH

B/k

Wh)

RE Power Conventional Conv - high EXT

Bio

mas

s B

P, 1

MW

Bio

mas

s C

CP,

1 M

W

Bio

mas

s B

P, 5

MW

Bio

mas

s C

ond,

1 M

W

Bio

mas

s C

ond,

5 M

W

Bio

mas

s C

ond,

10

MW

Bio

gas

pow

er, 1

MW

Min

i Hyd

ro, 0

.2-6

MW

Mic

ro H

ydro

, <50

kW

win

d Fa

rm, 2

0 M

W

Scen

ario

5: W

ind

156

Page 157: September 2005 Workshop Report

Scen

ario

6: M

SWFinancial Results Scenario 1 - NO RE 2024

Electricity Generation Technology

Feed-in incl. Conv. Tariff

THB/kWh

Instal-led

(MW)

Fuel cons. - % of

potential

Power Prod.

(GWh/year)

Steam Output

(GWh/year)Municipal solid waste 18,95 93 16% 486 0Biomass back pressure, 1 MW 2,11 144 793 6.610Biomass back pressure 5 MW 2,11 246 1.359 11.323Biomass Combined Cooling and Po 2,11 149 2.759 0Biomass condensing, 1 MW 5,11 369 2.035 0Biomass condensing, 5 MW 5,11 1.072 5.919 0Biomass condensing, 10 MW 5,11 1.677 9.252 0Biomass steam boiler, 7,5 MW 0 0 0Biogas electricity generation 6,71 148 1.106 0Biogas steam boiler, 2,5 MW 0 0 0Mini hydro (200 kW - 6 MW) 4,21 64 202 0Micro Hydro < 50 kW 3,71 10 45 0Wind farm, 20 MW 11,11 794 18% 1.043 0Solar PV large scale 17,11 0 0 0Solar PV Residential 17,11 0 0 0Total RE 4.765 25.000 17.933Conventional 0 0Total 25.000 17.933

Socio Economic ResultsNPV of Socio Economic Cost (million THB) 1.040.615Employment, man-years per year (20 years average) 166.884NPV of Feed-In Tariff (million THB) 97.976

53%

6%

0%

62%

157

Page 158: September 2005 Workshop Report

Socio-Economic Cost Supply CurveScenario 6 - MSW

0,00

2,00

4,00

6,00

8,00

10,00

0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000Power Production (GWh/year)

Cos

t of E

lect

ricity

(TH

B/k

Wh)

RE Power Conventional Conv - high EXTM

unic

ipal

sol

id w

aste

, 2 M

W

Bio

mas

s B

P, 1

MW

Bio

mas

s C

CP,

1 M

W

Bio

mas

s B

P, 5

MW

Bio

mas

s C

ond,

1 M

W

Bio

mas

s C

ond,

5 M

W

Bio

mas

s C

ond,

10

MW

Bio

gas

pow

er, 1

MW

Min

i Hyd

ro, 0

.2-6

MW

Mic

ro H

ydro

, <50

kW

win

d Fa

rm, 2

0 M

W

Scen

ario

6: M

SW

158

Page 159: September 2005 Workshop Report

900950

1000

10501100

No Re No Feed-in

LeastCost

Biomass Wind MSW

Scenario

NPV

of S

ocio

Ec

onom

ic C

osts

(B

illio

n TH

B)

1 2 3 4No Re No Feed-in Least Cost Biomass

RE Steam Production (GWh) - 17.933 17.933 17.933 RE Power Production (GWh) - 4.911 6.265 23.471 Convent. Power Production (GWh) 25.000 20.089 18.735 1.529 Total Power Production (GWh) 25.000 25.000 25.000 25.000 NPV of Socio Economic Costs (Billion THB) 1.084 989 984 1.026

Scenario 5 6Wind MSW17.933 17.933 24.514 25.000

486 - 25.000 25.000

1.032 1.041

159

Page 160: September 2005 Workshop Report

Scenario RE Tax exemption

Feed-in, total

1 No Re 2,112 No Feed-in X X 2,113 Least cost X X var4 + Full biomass X X var5 + Wind X X var6 ´+ MSW X X var

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

No Re No Feed-in Least Cost Biomass Wind MSWScenario

GW

h Conv. Power (GWh)MSW (GWh)Wind (GWh)Hydro (GWh)Biogas (GWh)Biomass (GWh)

160

Page 161: September 2005 Workshop Report

RED does not include•Impact of imports on Thai economy•Economic impact of employment

161

Page 162: September 2005 Workshop Report

Analyses not yet done•Full sensitivity analysis•Bio-fuels•Detailed assessment of steam demand•Detailed assessment cooling demand•“Max. penetration (RE consumption)”

Thai socio-economic assumptions (policy)

162

Page 163: September 2005 Workshop Report

It is difficult to forecast…. Especially on the future

Storm, P (Danish poet)

163

Page 164: September 2005 Workshop Report

Next step

Your participation and input

Kap Khun Krap

164

Page 165: September 2005 Workshop Report

Annex 9 Work Group Instruction

165

Page 166: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TDiscussion Objectives

• Getting views and ideas of the different stakeholders

• Inputs for proposed recommendations for an action plan on RE development

166

Page 167: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T8 RE Resource Areas (15 discussion groups)

Areas Supporters ParticipantsPV Suree B. 2x16Hydro Ruangdech P. 1x11Wind Boonkerd C. 2x11Biomass Werayut W. 3x16Biogas Kalayanee K. 2x10BiodieselBiodiesel Nattapong N.Nattapong N. 2x182x18GasoholGasohol Komkrit C.Komkrit C. 1x101x10MSW Tantip S. 2x19

167

Page 168: September 2005 Workshop Report

Wind1 (11)

Biogas 2 (15)

Biomass3 x 19

Biodiesel (RACHA 1)

2 x 21

MSW2 X 22

Hydro1 x 13

Gasohol

1 x 16

PV2 (19)

RED Center

PV1 (19)

Biogas 1 (15)

Wind2 (11)

Ga

te

168

Page 169: September 2005 Workshop Report

RED Template

Group findings on paper/flipcharts

Discussion Outputs

A:

B:169

Page 170: September 2005 Workshop Report

Annex 10 List of Work Group Members

Biomass Workgroup

1. Ekachai Sinratanapakdee EGAT Pcl. (chairman and group representative)

2. Somkiat Sutiratana DEDE (facilitator) 3. Prawit Thayawiwat Thai Tallow and Oil Co., Ltd. 4. Somkiet Phornprathanee SK Universal Trade Co., Ltd 5. Niwat Taponethong EGAT Pcl. 6. Kittinan Unnanon National Metal and Materials

Technology Center – MTEC 7. Saovaluk Wanasirikul Lam Soon (Thailand) Pcl. 8. Uraiwan Poolsin UEE Technology Co., Ltd. 9. Thanawit Chotchaisathit Bangkok Bank Pcl. 10.Bongkot Prasit School of Renewable Energy

Technology, Naresuan University 11.Panupat Srisaimanee EGAT Pcl. 12.Somchai Methakawinsopon EGAT Pcl. 13.Tossaporn Supomai EGAT Pcl. 14.Sutchaya Phunghirun EGAT Pcl. 15.Rungrat Yimprapai EGAT Pcl. 16.Chira Achayuthakan EGAT Pcl.

MSW Workgroup

1. Somrat Kerdsuwan KMITNB (chairman and group representative)

2. Tarntip Settacharnwit DEDE (facilitator) 3. Sebastien Bonnet JGSEE, KMUTT 4. Komsilp Wnag-Yao JGSEE, KMUTT 5. Pisamai Sathienyanon DEDE

Somchai Kokkamhaeng EGAT 6. Awnsiri Chawanapong MEA 7. Jarunee Kornchaiya EEC Group Co., Ltd,. 8. Ruengaroon Cheangswang Mahidol University 9. Sutchaya Phunghirun EGAT 10.Lawan Nonthaleeruk EGAT 11.Wipa Kaewwithyakarn STFE Co., Ltd. 12.Suchada Kamalaporn IEAT 13.Waraporn Kunawanakit EGAT 14.Sakon Peymsawad EGAT 15.Pattiya Chompuech Installation Co., Ltd. 16.Suwannee Boonthavee Installation Co., Ltd. 17.Montree Boonnak Installation Co., Ltd. 18.Nisa Pakvilai Valaya Alongkorn

170

Page 171: September 2005 Workshop Report

Biogas Workgroup

1. Niyom Apipan EGAT Pcl. (chairman) 2. Kanlayanee Ketmeteekaroon ERI (facilitator) 3. Rattapon Jantamaneechote EGAT Pcl. (group representative) 4. Kunn Kangvansaichol PTT Plc. (group representative) 5. Weena Punthurat Bangkok Bank Pcl. 6. Somchai Sukontasing Bangkok Bank Pcl. 7. Rungrudee Boonsu DEDE 8. Apichai Nakeesang Deparment of Livestock

Development 9. Sopin Wachirapuwadon E3 Agro Project / GTZ 10.Somjit Tatiyapongkul Panya Consultant Co., Ltd. 11.Somchai Sukontasing Bangkok Bank Pcl. 12.Vichit Pansaksiri Lam Soon (Thailand) Pcl.

Hydro Workgroup

1. Tin Ketratanaborvorn EGAT Pcl. (chairman) 2. Ruangdet Panduang DEDE (facilitator) 3. Sorada Puangprakoan EGAT Pcl. (group representative) 4. Somphong Pongsuwaparp DEDE 5. Supachai Koonsad EGAT Pcl. 6. Suthep Lertsrimongkol EGAT Pcl. 7. Nantawit Auiyamwong PEA 8. Sukasem Charoenchan Royal Irrigation Department

Wind Workgroup

1. Chumnong Sorapipatana JGSEE, KMUTT (chairman) 2. Boonkerd Chookijroongrojn DEDE (facilitator) 3. Wirachai Roynarin Rajamangala University of

Technology - RMUT (group representative)

4. Chalie Bhichaisornplaeng Bangkok Cogeneration Co., Ltd. 5. Michael Vender New Energy Co., Ltd. 6. Saroce Rocejanasaroj Usa Economic Development Co., Ltd. 7. Wuthipong Suponthana Leonics Co., Ltd. 8. Adisak Choosuk DEDE 9. Graiwan Krutgul DEDE 10.Wichai Limsawat EGAT 11.Surachate Jungkasemchokchai EGAT 12.Sarawut Thongkaew Italthai Industrial Co., Ltd. 13.Supakorn Saengsrithorn Provincial Electricity Authority – PEA

171

Page 172: September 2005 Workshop Report

PV Workgroup

1. Suree Buranasajja DEDE (facilitator) 2. Tawatchai Suwannakum Solartron Pcl. (group representative) 3. Rangsun Kanjanangurapan Bangkok Solar Co., Ltd. 4. Pirach Sithiaumnuai DEDE 5. Akrapat Wattanakulpanich Italthai Industrial Co., Ltd. 6. Saksit Suntharekanon EGCO Pcl. 7. Natapol Chuangsuwanich 8. Isara Tawanchulee Solartron Pcl. 9. Yongyuth Sawatdisawanee DEDE 10.Chatchai Sirisumpanwong School of Renewable Energy

Technology, Naresuan University 11.Wongsawat Pilaslaksanakan Provincial Electricity Authority – PEA 12.Thaweesak Panomrerngsak Sharp Thebnakorn Co., Ltd. 13.Rungruang Saipawan The Federation of Thai Industries –

FTI 14.Supat Mahitthiharn Tri Energy Co., Ltd. 15.Somyod Puntcharoen EGAT Pcl. 16.Winai Naknam EGAT Pcl. 17.Thanat Kunaruk EGAT Pcl. 18.Pinij Siripuekpong EGAT Pcl. 19.Chumnum Punyawattoe DEDE 20.Chutima Ungphakorn DEDE 21.Olivier Le Sang AIT 22.Sirikul Prasitpianchai International Institute for Energy

Conservation – IIEC 23.Prapita Thanarak School of Renewable Energy

Technology, Naresuan University

Biodiesel Workgroup

1. Phorntippha Kerr (chairman) 2. Natthapong Ngampradit DEDE (facilitator) 3. Peerapat Intarachub DOEB (group representative) 4. Pibul Usanakul Srijaroen Palm Oil Co., Ltd. 5. Bhunnapa Emarath EGAT Pcl. 6. Narit Hongchalard DOEB 7. Subongkoj Topaiboul National Metal and Materials

Technology Center – MTEC 8. Sukanya Usawasuntarangkul FTI 9. Soranan Noppornprasit Toyota 10.Kittisak Sukvivatn EEC-Energetics Co., Ltd. 11.Tosapole Stitsuwongkul EEC-Energetics Co., Ltd. 12.Saksith Dachanant DOEB 13.Siripong Siengsakul EGAT Pcl. 14.Pakpoom Boonsom Usa Economic Development Co., Ltd. 15.Navadol Laosiripojana JGSEE, KMUTT 16.Arunsri Viramitchai DOEB 17.Vichai Pornsathealkul DOEB

172

Page 173: September 2005 Workshop Report

Gasohol Workgroup

1. Komkrit Chuawittayawuth ERI (facilitator) 2. Mongkhol Pojpongsan RATCH (group representative) 3. Kiattisak Israpakdirat DOEB 4. Supichanee Sonthontanatiwat DOEB 5. Bundit Limmeechokchai SIIT, TU 6. Waraporn Yangsap Energy Research Institute, CU 7. Natikorn Prakobboon DEDE 8. Praphan Prasertsak DOA 9. Chompol Kandhavivorn Khon Kaen Alcohol

173

Page 174: September 2005 Workshop Report

Annex 11 A discussion guideline for the work group discussion

174

Page 175: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TDiscussion Topics and Guideline

1. Context – present situation of the RE of your field * (Blue Card)Give your perception of the present situation for the technology within

your focus. Possible issues:– To what extent is the technology already implemented?– Can the technology be implemented without incentives?– How does the regulatory framework support the RE implementation?– What are investors’ positions on implementation?– What is the position of the public on implementation?– What are the main barriers to the RE development and implementation?

175

Page 176: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T2. RE technology implementation potential ** (Yellow Card)

Possible issues: please also fill in the form– What are the potentials for the RE of your field?– How do you perceive the technical level of the technology?– What is a relevant target in MW (m3 per day) in 2024?– How fast to install the capacity (MW or m3 per day)?

Discussion Topics and Guideline

176

Page 177: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T

3. Incentives to motivate the market ** (Pink Card)

Possible issues: please also fill in the form– What incentives are recommended/needed for the

specific technology?– What criteria should the incentives be based on?

Discussion Topics and Guideline

177

Page 178: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T4. RE Action Plan *** (Green Card)Give ideas for an action plan ensuring significant

implementation of the technology.Possible issues:

– What regulatory, financial, technical or other actions do you suggest?

– What dissemination / awareness raising will be needed and in what form? RED Template

Discussion Topics and Guideline

178

Page 179: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TTemplate for RED input from Workgroups

Target

MW Bht

/kW

h

Bht

/MW

h

Bah

t/kW

h

year

year

% % MW

2 8 5 15 3,5

Feed

-in (a

dd) 1

0 yr

Tax

exem

pt

Tax

exem

pt (c

ontin

ued)

Inve

stm

.sub

sidy

Low

inte

rest

Tota

l fro

m 2

005

-202

4

MWMunicipal solid waste 3 7,12Biomass back pressure 1 -1,36Biomass back pressure 5 -2,09Biomass combined cooling & power 1 -0,37Biomass condensing 1 3,61Biomass condensing 5 3,14Biomass condensing 10 2,88Biomass steam boiler 7,5 (-) 484Biogas electricity generation 1 1,96Biogas steam boiler 2,5 (-) 328Mini hydro (200 kW - 6 MW) 3 2,52Micro Hydro < 50 kW 0,05 2,67Wind Farm 20 4,10Solar PV large scale 0,46 11,69Solar PV Residential 0,003 15,18

please mark to select

IncentivesRenewable Energy Technology

Options

Nor

min

alC

apac

ity

Gen

erat

ion

Cos

t (E

lect

ricity

)

Gen

erat

ion

Cos

t (S

team

)

179

Page 180: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TChairman’s Role

• Ensure participation of the group members and fruitful discussion

• Ensure that group’s contributions and conclusions are put on the wall.

• Nominate 1 – 2 persons as a group speaker for the 20 mins. presentation on Sept. 9

180

Page 181: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TDiscussion steps for each topic

• Group Discussion (until 16.00 hrs.)– Each group member writes their inputs/ideas on cards concerning each topic

written on the flipchart (one card, one idea) – about 5 mins.– Put the cards on the wall on the relevant flipchart.– Structure the inputs/ideas.– Discuss, and rewrite the inputs/ideas.

• Preparation for the presentation (until 16.00 hrs.)– Prepare group findings on pieces of paper.– Glue the cards on the flipcharts with clear scotch tape. (Organizer takes pictures

of all the group findings)– Fill in the RED template (except the bio-fuel group).– Submit the paper/flipcharts and the RED template to the organisers for the

preparation of the 10 mins presentation on Sept. 9.

181

Page 182: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TCard Writing and Managment

• Write one idea on one card (summarize an idea in a sentence or phrase) e.g. ‘General public has limited knowledge on …..)

• With a marker• Write readibly for the group members• Put the card on the wall.• Group the views/ideas.• Discuss the view/ideas• Rewrite the views/ideas, if needed

182

Page 183: September 2005 Workshop Report

Annex 12 The outputs of the analysis from the RED model

183

Page 184: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T

Frands Kjær Jepsen, PRETM.Sc.

Renewable Energy DevelopmentModel (RED)

Issues:•Energy strategy targets•Workgroup targets•RED output for WG data•RED output for aggregated WG data

184

Page 185: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TNRE0.5%

TE16.5%

Commercial Fossil Energy

83 %

TE = Traditional EnergyNRE = New Renewable Energy

2545

2554

52,939 KTOE

Final Energy Consumption

81,753 KTOE

Final Energy Consumption

TE11%

NRE

8%

CommercialFossil Energy

81 %

Energy Strategy

185

Page 186: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T

MW2400RE PowerHours5138GWh12331RE Power

KTOE1060RE PowerKTOE3910HeatKTOE1570Bio fuel

KTOE65408 % RE targetKTOE81753Energy Consumption in 2011

Renewable Energy Target for 2011

186

Page 187: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T

GWh6356Incentive target for 2011MW1237Incentive target for 2011MW280RPS target for 2011MW883Existing RE (2004)

MW2400RE Power Capacity

RE Power Target in 2011

187

Page 188: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TTargets proposed by the Workshop MWMunicipal solid waste 100Biomass back pressure, 1 MWBiomass back pressure 5 MWBiomass Combined Cooling and PowerBiomass condensing, 1 MWBiomass condensing, 5 MWBiomass condensing, 10 MWBiomass steam boiler, 7,5 MWBiogas electricity generation 100Biogas steam boiler, 2,5 MWMini hydro (200 kW - 6 MW) 500Micro Hydro < 50 kW 20Wind farm, 20 MW 350Solar PV large scaleSolar PV ResidentialTotal RE 3.289

1.719

500188

Page 189: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TGiving priority to RE

Socio-eco-

nomy Ran

king Finan-

cialFIRR

(')

Ran

king

Mar

-ket

Feed

-in

Oth

ers

Recommendation

BTH/ kWh

BTH/ kWh

Conventional 2,67 1,92

Municipal solid waste 5,86 7,12 (-) X X Municipal initiativesBiomass back pressure, 1 MW 0,79 2 -1,36 29% 3 X Market conditionsBiomass back pressure 5 MW 0,69 1 -2,09 43% 1 X Market conditionsBiomass Combined Cooling and P 2,34 6 -0,37 15% 5 X Market conditionsBiomass condensing, 1 MW 3,37 3,61 (-) X Market conditionsBiomass condensing, 5 MW 2,94 3,14 (-) X Market conditionsBiomass condensing, 10 MW 2,70 7 2,88 (-) X Feed-in for >10 MW

Biomass steam boiler, 7,5 MW (-) 40% 2 X X Subsidy: efficient boilersBiogas electricity generation 1,76 3 1,96 8% X Feed-in

Biogas steam boiler, 2,5 MW (-) 20% 4 X X Subsidy: efficient boilersMini hydro (200 kW - 6 MW) 1,88 4 2,52 5% X Feed-inMicro Hydro < 50 kW 2,21 5 2,67 1% X Feed-in

Wind farm, 20 MW 3,46 4,10 (-) ? ? XSeek good wind conditions

Solar PV large scale 10,57 11,69 (-) ? ? XSolar PV Residential 13,68 15,18 (-) ? ? X

(*) Tax exemp.: 8+5 Feed-in=0

Consider if economic development is desired

189

Page 190: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TFinancial penetration model

0%5%

10%15%20%25%30%35%40%

0,00% 20,00% 40,00%Project FIRR

Dem

and

for t

he re

sour

ce

190

Page 191: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TAccumulated Penetration

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

0 5 10 15 20 25

Year

Pene

trat

ion

191

Page 192: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TRE Penetration versus feed-in added

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

0 5 10 15

Feed-in added (THB/kWh)

MW

Municipal solid waste

Biomass back pressure, 1 MW

Biomass back pressure 5 MW

Biomass Combined Cooling andPowerBiomass condensing, 1 MW

Biomass condensing, 5 MW

Biomass condensing, 10 MW

Biomass steam boiler, 7,5 MW

192

Page 193: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TRE Penetration versus feed-in added

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

0 5 10 15

Feed-in added (THB/kWh)

MW

Biogas electricity generation

Biogas steam boiler, 2,5 MW

Mini hydro (200 kW - 6 MW)

Micro Hydro < 50 kW

Wind farm, 20 MW

Solar PV large scale

Solar PV Residential

193

Page 194: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TModelling of Scenarios

Inputs:• MW target• Increase Feed-In to reach the target (MW)

Outputs:• Financial analysis• Economic (socio-economic) analysis• Economic (socio-economic) supply curve

194

Page 195: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T1

MSW

Sce

nario

RE TechnologyFinancial

Generation Costs (THB/kWh)

Target MW

Municipal solid waste 4,72 100

Needed feed-in Year 2024

RE Technology Installed (MW) Fuel cons. - % of total

Power Prod. (GWh/year)

Steam Output

(GWh/year)

Feed-in incl. Conventional

tariff (THB/KWh)

Municipal solid waste 100 521 0 14,16

Total 100 521 0

MSW

17%

195

Page 196: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T1

MSW

Sce

nario

Socio-economy RE Conven-tional RE Conven-

tional%

Investment Costs 89,6% 32.382 2.626 5,41 0,44Total O&M and Salaries 27,7% 10.013 2.519 1,67 0,42Cost of Fuel -21,5% (7.762) 9.724 -1,30 1,63Externality Costs 4,2% 1.516 1.774 0,25 0,30Scrap value at 20 years 0,0% - (678) 0,00 -0,11

Total 100,0% 36.151 15.965 6,04 2,67Power production (GWh) 5.981 5.981 Steam production (GWh) - -

NPV of Feed-In Tariff (Million THB) 46.247 - 7,73 0

Value ratio MWh power/MWh steam 1,43 1,43Equivalent power production (GWh) 5.981 5.981 Socio economic power cost (THB/kWh) 6,04 2,67Socio economic steam cost (THB/kWh) #DIV/0! #DIV/0!Socio economic energy cost (THB/kWh) 6,04 2,67Employment, man-years per year (average over 20 years) 4.712 1.049

NPV (Million THB) NPV (THB/kWh)

196

Page 197: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T1

MSW

Sce

nario

Socio-Economic Cost Supply Curve

0,00

2,00

4,00

6,00

8,00

10,00

12,00

14,00

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700Power Production (GWh/year)

Cos

t of E

lect

ricity

(TH

B/k

Wh)

RE Power Conventional Conv - high EXT197

Page 198: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TCOMMENTS:•The suggested incentives (including the feed-in adder of 5 TBH/kWh) will not give any penetration•A Feed-in adder of 6,5 THB/kWh is needed to introduce MSW at all•An adder of around 12 THB/kWh is needed to obtain 100 MW

1 M

SW S

cena

rio

198

Page 199: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T2

BIO

MA

SS S

cena

rio 1

RE Technology

Financial Generation

Costs (THB/kWh)

Target MW

Back pressure, 1 MW -1,69 44Back pressure 5 MW -2,32 300Combined Cooling and Pow -0,37 0Condensing, 1 MW 3,61 0Condensing, 5 MW 2,91 375Condensing, 10 MW 2,69 1.000Steam boiler, 7,5 MW (-)

Needed feed-in Year 2024

RE Technology Installed (MW) Fuel cons. - % of total

Power Prod. (GWh/year)

Steam Output

(GWh/year)

Feed-in incl. Conventio-

nal tariff (THB/KWh)

Back pressure, 1 MW 100 553 4.607 2,55Back pressure 5 MW 163 900 7.502 2,50Combined Cooling and Pow 60 1.113 0 2,11Condensing, 1 MW 0 0 0 2,11Condensing, 5 MW 0 0 0 2,65Condensing, 10 MW 0 0 0 2,60Steam boiler, 7,5 MW 938 0 5.752 0,00Total 1.262 2.566,02 17.861,56

BIOMASS

14%

199

Page 200: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T2

BIO

MA

SS S

cena

rio 1

Socio-economy RE Conven-

tional RE Conven-tional

%Investment Costs 25,6% 37.275 14.605 0,22 0,08Total O&M and Salaries 16,8% 24.389 17.913 0,14 0,10Cost of Fuel 53,9% 78.342 235.383 0,45 1,37Externality Costs 3,7% 5.371 131.180 0,03 0,76Scrap value at 20 years 0,0% - (3.503) 0,00 -0,02

Total 100,0% 145.377 395.579 0,84 2,30Power production (GWh) 29.432 29.432 Steam production (GWh) 204.871 204.871

NPV of Feed-In Tariff (Million THB) 4.375 - 0,03 0

Value ratio MWh power/MWh steam 1,43 1,43Equivalent power production (GWh) 172.311 172.311 Socio economic power cost (THB/kWh) 0,84 2,30Socio economic steam cost (THB/kWh) 0,588 1,601Socio economic energy cost (THB/kWh) 0,62 1,69

Employment, man-years per year (average over 20 years) 52.004 6.847

NPV (Million THB) NPV (THB/kWh)

200

Page 201: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T2

BIO

MA

SS S

cena

rio 1

Socio-Economic Cost Supply Curve

0,00

2,00

4,00

6,00

8,00

10,00

12,00

14,00

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000Power Production (GWh/year)

Cos

t of E

lect

ricity

(TH

B/k

Wh)

RE Power Conventional Conv - high EXT 201

Page 202: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TCOMMENTS (biomass low):•The MW target is not obtained with the suggested incentives, except for BP 1 MW, where 100 MW is obtained (target only 44 MW) •In total 323 MW is obtained against the target of 1719 MW

2 B

IOM

ASS

Sce

nario

1

202

Page 203: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T2

BIO

MA

SS S

cena

rio 2

RE Technology

Financial Generation

Costs (THB/kWh)

Target MW

Back pressure, 1 MW -1,69 44Back pressure 5 MW -2,32 300Combined Cooling and Pow -0,37 0Condensing, 1 MW 3,61 0Condensing, 5 MW 2,91 375Condensing, 10 MW 2,69 1.000Steam boiler, 7,5 MW (-)

Needed feed-in Year 2024

RE Technology Installed (MW) Fuel cons. - % of total

Power Prod. (GWh/year)

Steam Output

(GWh/year)

Feed-in incl. Conventio-

nal tariff (THB/KWh)

Back pressure, 1 MW 95 523 4.361 2,11Back pressure 5 MW 160 882 7.350 2,11Combined Cooling and Pow 60 1.113 0 2,11Condensing, 1 MW 0 0 0 2,11Condensing, 5 MW 375 2.072 0 4,25Condensing, 10 MW 1.000 5.516 0 4,31Steam boiler, 7,5 MW 1.002 0 6.146 0,00Total 2.692 10.106,30 17.856,63

BIOMASS

34%

203

Page 204: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T2

BIO

MA

SS S

cena

rio 2

Socio-economy RE Conven-

tional RE Conven-tional

%Investment Costs 29,1% 112.387 52.581 0,43 0,20Total O&M and Salaries 17,7% 68.147 54.330 0,26 0,21Cost of Fuel 47,7% 184.003 375.940 0,71 1,45Externality Costs 5,5% 21.154 156.801 0,08 0,61Scrap value at 20 years 0,0% - (13.310) 0,00 -0,05

Total 100,0% 385.692 626.342 1,49 2,42Power production (GWh) 115.918 115.918 Steam production (GWh) 204.814 204.814

NPV of Feed-In Tariff (Million THB) 122.116 - 0,47 0

Value ratio MWh power/MWh steam 1,43 1,43Equivalent power production (GWh) 258.758 258.758 Socio economic power cost (THB/kWh) 1,49 2,42Socio economic steam cost (THB/kWh) 1,040 1,688Socio economic energy cost (THB/kWh) 1,20 1,95

Employment, man-years per year (average over 20 years) 125.440 22.018

NPV (Million THB) NPV (THB/kWh)

204

Page 205: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T2

BIO

MA

SS S

cena

rio 2

Socio-Economic Cost Supply Curve

0,00

2,00

4,00

6,00

8,00

10,00

12,00

14,00

0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000Power Production (GWh/year)

Cos

t of E

lect

ricity

(TH

B/k

Wh)

RE Power Conventional Conv - high EXT 205

Page 206: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TCOMMENTS (biomass high):• Target for BP 5MW and 1 MW of 344 MW in total exceeds the demand for steam as we assume that we cannot prevent biomass steam boilers to operate• Our analysis suggests to have a higher feed-in on the condensing boilers and no feed-in on the BP biomass units

2 B

IOM

ASS

Sce

nario

2

206

Page 207: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T3

BIO

GA

S Sc

enar

io

RE TechnologyFinancial

Generation Costs

(THB/kWh)

Target MW

Biogas electricity generation 1,59 100Biogas steam boiler, 2,5 MW - ??

Needed feed-in Year 2024

RE Technology Installed (MW)

Fuel cons. - % of total

Power Prod. (GWh/year)

Steam Output

(GWh/year)

Feed-in incl. Conventional

tariff (THB/KWh)

Biogas electricity generation 81 604 0 4,00Biogas steam boiler, 2,5 MW 181 0 1.423 -Total 261 603,84 1.423,41

BIOGAS

55%

207

Page 208: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T3

BIO

GA

S Sc

enar

io Socio-economy RE Conven-

tional RE Conven-tional

%Investment Costs 47,8% 8.846 3.175 0,48 0,17Total O&M and Salaries 41,9% 7.763 3.356 0,42 0,18Cost of Fuel 0,0% - 26.205 0,00 1,43Externality Costs 10,3% 1.900 11.813 0,10 0,65Scrap value at 20 years 0,0% - (799) 0,00 -0,04

Total 100,0% 18.509 43.751 1,01 2,39Power production (GWh) 6.926 6.926 Steam production (GWh) 16.326 16.326

NPV of Feed-In Tariff (Million THB) 8.400 - 0,46 0

Value ratio MWh power/MWh steam 1,43 1,43Equivalent power production (GWh) 18.312 18.312 Socio economic power cost (THB/kWh) 1,01 2,39Socio economic steam cost (THB/kWh) 0,705 1,666Socio economic energy cost (THB/kWh) 0,80 1,88

Employment, man-years per year (average over 20 years) 2.935 1.349

NPV (Million THB) NPV (THB/kWh)

208

Page 209: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T3

BIO

GA

S Sc

enar

io Socio-Economic Cost Supply Curve

0,00

2,00

4,00

6,00

8,00

10,00

12,00

14,00

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700Power Production (GWh/year)

Cos

t of E

lect

ricity

(TH

B/k

Wh)

RE Power Conventional Conv - high EXT209

Page 210: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TCOMMENTS:•With 4 BTH/kWh only 81 MW is obtained instead of the target of 100 MW • 4,46 THB is needed for obtaining 100 MW penetration•For biogas steam boiler without incentives 81 MW is obtained

3 B

IOG

AS

Scen

ario

210

Page 211: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T4

HY

DR

O S

cena

rio

RE TechnologyFinancial

Generation Costs

(THB/kWh)

Target MW

Mini hydro (200 kW - 6 MW) 2,35 500Micro Hydro < 50 kW 2,53 20

Needed feed-in Year 2024

RE Technology Installed (MW) Fuel cons. -% of total

Power Prod.

(GWh/year)

Steam Output

(GWh/year)

Feed-in incl. Convention

al tariff (THB/KWh)

Mini hydro (200 kW - 6 MW) 500 39% 1.578 0 8,24Micro Hydro < 50 kW 20 94 0 3,56Total 520 1.672,08 0

HYDRO

211

Page 212: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T4

HY

DR

O S

cena

rio Socio-economy RE Conven-

tional RE Conven-tional

%Investment Costs 83,7% 30.463 8.421 1,59 0,44Total O&M and Salaries 29,6% 10.762 8.076 0,56 0,42Cost of Fuel 0,0% - 31.180 0,00 1,63Externality Costs 0,0% - 5.689 0,00 0,30Scrap value at 20 years -13,2% (4.810) (2.175) -0,25 -0,11

Total 100,0% 36.416 51.192 1,90 2,67Power production (GWh) 19.179 19.179 Steam production (GWh) - -

NPV of Feed-In Tariff (Million THB) 72.201 - 3,76 0

Value ratio MWh power/MWh steam 1,43 1,43Equivalent power production (GWh) 19.179 19.179 Socio economic power cost (THB/kWh) 1,90 2,67Socio economic steam cost (THB/kWh) #DIV/0! #DIV/0!Socio economic energy cost (THB/kWh) 1,90 2,67

Employment, man-years per year (average over 20 years) 5.706 3.364

NPV (Million THB) NPV (THB/kWh)

212

Page 213: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T4

HY

DR

O S

cena

rio Socio-Economic Cost Supply Curve

0,00

2,00

4,00

6,00

8,00

10,00

0 500 1000 1500 2000Power Production (GWh/year)

Cos

t of E

lect

ricity

(TH

B/k

Wh)

RE Power Conventional Conv - high EXT213

Page 214: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TCOMMENTS:•The suggested 10% investment subsidy and tax exemption is not enough to obtain the target of 500 MW• If the 10% investment subsidy and tax exemption is combined with 6,1 THB, 500 MW mini hydro is implemented, and 1,45 THB/kWh for the micro hydro will give 20 MW

4 H

YD

RO

Sce

nario

214

Page 215: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T5

WIN

D S

cena

rio

RE TechnologyFinancial

Generation Costs

(THB/kWh)

Target MW

Wind farm, 20 MW 3,49 375

Needed feed-in Year 2024

RE Technology Installed (MW) Fuel cons. -% of total

Power Prod.

(GWh/year)

Steam Output

(GWh/year)

Feed-in incl. Convention

al tariff (THB/KWh)

Wind farm, 20 MW 350 8% 460 0 8,48

Total 350 460 0

WIND FARM

215

Page 216: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T5

WIN

D S

cena

rio Socio-economy RE Conven-

tional RE Conven-tional

%Investment Costs 84,7% 15.458 2.317 2,93 0,44Total O&M and Salaries 15,3% 2.789 2.222 0,53 0,42Cost of Fuel 0,0% - 8.579 0,00 1,63Externality Costs 0,0% - 1.565 0,00 0,30Scrap value at 20 years 0,0% - (598) 0,00 -0,11

Total 100,0% 18.247 14.085 3,46 2,67Power production (GWh) 5.277 5.277 Steam production (GWh) - -

NPV of Feed-In Tariff (Million THB) 21.569 - 4,09 0

Value ratio MWh power/MWh steam 1,43 1,43Equivalent power production (GWh) 5.277 5.277 Socio economic power cost (THB/kWh) 3,46 2,67Socio economic steam cost (THB/kWh) #DIV/0! #DIV/0!Socio economic energy cost (THB/kWh) 3,46 2,67

Employment, man-years per year (average over 20 years) 1.630 926

NPV (Million THB) NPV (THB/kWh)

216

Page 217: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T5

WIN

D S

cena

rio Socio-Economic Cost Supply Curve

0,00

2,00

4,00

6,00

8,00

10,00

0 100 200 300 400 500 600Power Production (GWh/year)

Cos

t of E

lect

ricity

(TH

B/k

Wh)

RE Power Conventional Conv - high EXT217

Page 218: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TCOMMENTS:• Total feed-in of 11 TBH/kWh (suggested) will introduce 775 MW wind power• To obtain the target of 350 MW only 8,5 TBH/kWh is needed

5 W

IND

Sce

nario

218

Page 219: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T6

SOLA

R S

cena

rio

RE TechnologyFinancial

Generation Costs

(THB/kWh)

Target MW

Solar PV large scale 6,60 500Solar PV Residential 8,47

Needed feed-in Year 2024

RE Technology Installed (MW) Fuel cons. - % of total

Power Prod. (GWh/year)

Steam Output

(GWh/year)

Feed-in incl. Convention

al tariff (THB/KWh)

Solar PV large scale 500 0% 654 0 20,98Solar PV Residential 0 0 0 20,98Total 500 653,50 0

SOLAR PV

219

Page 220: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T6

SOLA

R S

cena

rio Socio-economy RE Conven-

tional RE Conven-tional

%Investment Costs 97,3% 77.063 3.291 10,28 0,44Total O&M and Salaries 2,7% 2.146 3.156 0,29 0,42Cost of Fuel 0,0% - 12.186 0,00 1,63Externality Costs 0,0% - 2.223 0,00 0,30Scrap value at 20 years 0,0% - (850) 0,00 -0,11

Total 100,0% 79.209 20.007 10,57 2,67Power production (GWh) 7.496 7.496 Steam production (GWh) - -

NPV of Feed-In Tariff (Million THB) 90.786 - 12,11 0

Value ratio MWh power/MWh steam 1,43 1,43Equivalent power production (GWh) 7.496 7.496 Socio economic power cost (THB/kWh) 10,57 2,67Socio economic steam cost (THB/kWh) #DIV/0! #DIV/0!Socio economic energy cost (THB/kWh) 10,57 2,67

Employment, man-years per year (average over 20 years) 5.862 1.315

NPV (Million THB) NPV (THB/kWh)

220

Page 221: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T6

SOLA

R S

cena

rio Socio-Economic Cost Supply Curve

0,00

2,00

4,00

6,00

8,00

10,00

12,00

14,00

0 200 400 600 800Power Production (GWh/year)

Cos

t of E

lect

ricity

(TH

B/k

Wh)

RE Power Conventional Conv - high EXT221

Page 222: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TCOMMENTS:• At a level of 18 BTH/kWh the operational income before tax is negative after expiry of the feed-in period of 10 years • A feed-in level of approx 19 THB/kWh is need to obtain the requested 500 MW• The above will be very sensitive to the financial parameters used

6 SO

LAR

Sce

nario

222

Page 223: September 2005 Workshop Report

Annex 13 The full scenario of the impact analysis

223

Page 224: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T7

FULL

Sce

nario

MW

Power GWh

output

Steam GWh

output

Ressource utilisation

%

Economic generation

cost THB/kWh

MSW 100 521 0 17% 6,04Biomass (low) 1719 2566 17862 14% 0,84Biomass(high) 1719 10106 17857 34% 1,49Biogas 100 604 1174 55% 1,01Hydro 520 1672 0 39% 1,90Wind farm 350 460 0 (-) 3,46Solar PV 500 654 0 (-) 10,57Conventional 2,67

SUM (high) 14017 19031

224

Page 225: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T7

FULL

Sce

nario

Financials Working Group Scenario - all group inputs

Electricity Generation Technology

Feed-in incl. Conv. Tariff (THB/kWh)

Instal-led MW

Fuel consump-tion % of potential

Power Prod. (GWh /year)

Steam Output (GWh /year)

Municipal solid waste 14,16 100 17% 521 0Biomass back pressure, 1 MW 2,11 95 523 4.361Biomass back pressure 5 MW 2,11 160 882 7.350Biomass Combined Cooling an 2,11 60 1.113 0Biomass condensing, 1 MW 2,11 0 0 0Biomass condensing, 5 MW 4,25 375 2.072 0Biomass condensing, 10 MW 4,31 1.000 5.516 0Biomass steam boiler, 7,5 MW 1.002 0 6.146Biogas electricity generation 4,00 81 604 0Biogas steam boiler, 2,5 MW 149 0 1.174Mini hydro (200 kW - 6 MW) 8,24 500 1.578 0Micro Hydro < 50 kW 3,56 20 94 0Wind farm, 20 MW 8,48 350 8% 460 0Solar PV large scale 20,98 500 654 0Solar PV Residential 2,11 0 0 0Total RE 4.392 14.017 19.031Conventional 0 0Total Year 2024 (2567) 14.017 19.031

Socio Economic ResultsNPV of Socio Economic Cost (million THB) 720.873Employment, man-years per year (20 years average) 100.565NPV of Feed-In Tariff (million THB) 64.323

50%

39%

0%

34%

225

Page 226: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T7 FULL Scenario

Socio-Economic Cost Supply CurveAll workgroup inputs

0,00

2,00

4,00

6,00

8,00

10,00

0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000

Power Production (GWh/year)

Cos

t of E

lect

rici

ty(T

HB

/kW

h)

RE Power Conventional Conv - high EXT

Mun

icip

al s

olid

was

te, 2

MW

Bio

mas

s B

P, 1

Bio

mas

s C

CP,

1 M

W

Bio

mas

s B

P, 5

Bio

mas

s C

ond,

1 M

W

Bio

mas

s C

ond,

5 M

W

Bio

mas

s C

ond,

10

MW

Bio

gas

pow

er, 1

MW

Min

i Hyd

ro, 0

.2-6

MW

Mic

ro H

ydro

, <50

kW

win

d Fa

rm, 2

0 M

W

Sola

r

226

Page 227: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T7 FULL Scenario

Power Production per Fuel

02.0004.0006.0008.000

10.00012.00014.00016.000

2005

2010

2015

2020

GW

h/Ye

ar

Diesel Generation (small scale) Biomass BiogasMini/Micro Hydro Wind SolarMSW Natural Gas PP EGAT Fuel Mix PP

227

Page 228: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T7 FULL Scenario

Steam Production per Fuel

02.0004.0006.0008.000

10.00012.00014.00016.00018.00020.000

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

GW

h/ye

ar

MSW Biomass Biogas Fuel Mix Steam Boiler

228

Page 229: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T7 FULL Scenario

Accumulated RE Power Capacity

0200400600800

1.0001.2001.4001.6001.800

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 2021 2023 2025

MW

Municipal Solid Waste Biomass Biogas Hydro Wind Solar

229

Page 230: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E T

900950

1000

10501100

No Re No Feed-in

LeastCost

Biomass Wind MSW

Scenario

NPV

of S

ocio

Ec

onom

ic C

osts

(B

illio

n TH

B)

1 2 3 4No Re No Feed-in Least Cost Biomass

RE Steam Production (GWh) - 17.933 17.933 17.933 RE Power Production (GWh) - 4.911 6.265 23.471 Convent. Power Production (GWh) 25.000 20.089 18.735 1.529 Total Power Production (GWh) 25.000 25.000 25.000 25.000 NPV of Socio Economic Costs (Billion THB) 1.084 989 984 1.026

Scenario 5 6Wind MSW17.933 17.933 24.514 25.000

486 - 25.000 25.000

1.032 1.041

Scenarios from yesterday

230

Page 231: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TScenario RE Tax exemption

Feed-in, total

1 No Re 2,112 No Feed-in X X 2,113 Least cost X X var4 + Full biomass X X var5 + Wind X X var6 ´+ MSW X X var

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

No Re No Feed-in Least Cost Biomass Wind MSWScenario

GW

h Conv. Power (GWh)MSW (GWh)Wind (GWh)Hydro (GWh)Biogas (GWh)Biomass (GWh)

231

Page 232: September 2005 Workshop Report

P R E TFINAL REMARKS:•The input formed a very interesting testing of the RED•Ambitious input from the WG’s

232