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Answers for energy. Siemens Gas Turbine SGT6-5000F Application Overview

Siemens Gas Turbine SGT6-5000F Application Overvie€¦ · 2 Siemens Gas Turbine SGT6-5000F Key: 1. Generator coupling 2. Thrust bearing 3. Journal bearing 4. Inlet air duct 5. Inlet

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Page 1: Siemens Gas Turbine SGT6-5000F Application Overvie€¦ · 2 Siemens Gas Turbine SGT6-5000F Key: 1. Generator coupling 2. Thrust bearing 3. Journal bearing 4. Inlet air duct 5. Inlet

Answers for energy.

Siemens Gas Turbine SGT6-5000FApplication Overview

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Siemens Gas Turbine

SGT6-5000F

Key:

1. Generator coupling2. Thrust bearing3. Journal bearing4. Inlet air duct5. Inlet cylinder6. Variable inlet guide vane7. Compressor rotating blades8. Fixed compressor end support9. Compressor diaphragms with

labyrinth seals10. Compressor cylinder with

borescope access11. Compressor thru-bolt12. Compressor bleed manifolds13. Compressor, combustor and

turbine cylinder

14. Fuel nozzles15. Combustor baskets16. Combustor transitions17. Torque tube/air separator18. Engine horizontal joint19. Turbine disc thru-bolts20. Individual first-stage stationary vanes21. Turbine multivane diaphragms22. Turbine discs23. Turbine rotating blades24. Turbine roll-out blade rings25. Blade path thermocouples26. Flexible turbine end support27. Exhaust expansion joint28. Exhaust cylinder29. Exhaust diffuser inner cone

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Table of contents:

Application overview ........4

Service and support ..........6

Power Diagnostics services ............................7

SGT6-5000F gas turbine ....8

Scope of supplydefinitions ......................13

SGT6-PAC 5000Fpower plant ....................14

Auxiliary packages ..........16

SGT6-PAC 5000F plantarrangement diagram ....19

SGT6-PAC 5000F simple cycle performance ..........20

SGT6-PAC 5000Ftechnical data ................22

SCC6-5000F combined cycle plants ....................23

SCC6-5000F plant arrangement diagrams ....26

SCC6-5000F plant performance ..................28

Integrated gasification combined cycle plant application......................31

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Siemens Gas Turbine engine SGT6-5000F

The advanced technology of the SGT6-5000F* gas turbine continues to satisfy the worldwide needs of thepower generation marketplace for 60 Hzprojects. Siemens introduced the firstunit in the W501 series in 1968. Sincethat time over 560 units of Siemens GasTurbines (SGTTM) have been sold.Siemens evolutionary design philosophymaintains continuity by building on our proven gas turbine technology. Toattain high engine reliability, upgradesor new engine designs are based ontechnologies proven by engine operationor by extensive component testing.

The SGT6-5000F gas turbine exemplifiesthis evolutionary process. This SGT6-5000Fgas turbine combines the efficient,proven design concepts of the W501D5with the addition of advanced coolingtechnologies and improved compressorconstruction. The advanced coolingtechnologies allow higher flow path gas temperatures while keeping metaltemperatures at the level of previousengines. The technology upgradesapplied to the SGT6-5000F gas turbinehave resulted in an engine with a ratedoutput that is among the highest of the“F” class gas turbines. The SGT6-5000Fgas turbine fleet has achieved over 3.4million hours of reliable operation andnet combined cycle efficiencies of 57%.

This gas turbine is ideally suited for simplecycle and heat recovery applicationsincluding Integrated GasificationCombined Cycle (IGCC), cogeneration,combined cycle and repowering. Flexible fuel capabilities include naturalgas, LNG, distillate oil, syngas and otherfuels, such as low- or medium-Btu gas.

The low emissions SGT6-5000F gas turbine engine consists of a 16-stageaxial-flow compressor, a combustion system composed of 16 can-annularcombustors and a 4-stage turbine.Packaged with the generator and otherauxiliary modules the SGT6-PAC 5000F**power generation system provides economical power for peaking duty,operational flexibility and load followingcapabilities for intermediate duty, whilemaintaining high efficiencies for contin-uous service. Regardless of the applica-tion, the SGT6-5000F gas turbine is thebasic building block for a wide variety of power generation systems.

Siemens Simple Cycle applications

The Siemens Simple Cycle (SSCTM) SGT6-PAC 5000F power plant, nominallyrated at 196 MW, is a self-contained,electric power generating system suitedfor simple cycle applications. The designof the SGT6-PAC 5000F includes over 50 years of experience in gas turbinetechnology and power plant design.These following proven features, incorporated into the SGT6-PAC 5000Fpower plant include:

� Factory assembled fuel, auxiliary, lubricating and electrical packages

� Walk-around enclosures for turbine and auxiliary packages

� Microprocessor-based distributed control system

� Air-cooled generator

� Normal start time - 29.5 minutes to base load

� Optional fast start - 10 minutes to150 MW.

* SGT6-5000F gas turbine engine was formerly called theW501F.

** SGT6-PAC 5000F power plant was formerly called theW501F Econopac.

SGT6-5000F application overview

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Siemens Combined Cycle applications

Siemens has more than three decades of experience in combined cycle plantdesign. Our first combined cycle experi-ence came in the early 1960s with theinstallation of the West Texas Utilities plantusing a W301, a 30 MW gas turbine. Thesecond generation of combined cycleplants were the PACE (Power at CombinedEfficiencies) plants introduced in the early1970s. The PACE plants used an earlierW501 model, the W501B, as their primemover and were pre-engineered, stan-dardized combined cycle plants.

The Siemens Combined Cycle (SCCTM)SCC6-5000F plant*** design (as shownin Figure 1) is built on the strong knowl-edge base derived from these previousdesign efforts. With 1x1 (~293 MW), 2x1 (~591 MW) and 3x1 (~885 MW) configurations, the SCC6-5000F familyof combined cycle plants is sized to meet the various base and cyclic loadrequirements of utilities, independentpower producers (IPPs) and merchantplant operators. The development ofthese designs allows for cost-effectiveplants that require minimal project specific engineering.

Project capabilities

Siemens is experienced in producing suc-cessful power projects. Our comprehen-sive scope of capabilities includes:

� Total turnkey power plants

� Integrated project management

� Plant engineering and design

� Plant permitting assistance

� Equipment installation

� Plant operation and maintenance.

When we take responsibility for a project, or any portion of it, an integrated projectmanagement approach is applied to thetask. The planning techniques used areamong the most advanced in the industry.Project goals are clearly developed andwell communicated. Work packages arecreated which include drawings, materiallists and sign-off sheets. Personal account-ability means a personal commitment to quality. Siemens has achieved animpressive record for building plants on schedule and within budget.

*** SCC6-5000F combined cycle power plant was formerlycalled the W501F combined cycle plant.

SGT6-5000F application overview

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Figure 1 - SCC6-5000F combined cycle plant design

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A global network for service and support

Siemens is equally committed to providingcomprehensive service programs thattruly support and optimize the perform-ance of your equipment. We begin withtechnical assistance provided during theinstallation and start-up of your equip-ment and continue with a multitude ofservice options. These include turnkeymaintenance inspections, technical fieldassistance, modernizations and upgrades,repair and refurbishment and controlsystem service and upgrades.

We have established a powerful andresponsive service network with more than4,000 field engineers and technicians inregional service offices around the globe.So wherever you are, wherever your plantis located, we speak the language, weknow the market and we are availablewhen you need us…with rapid-responsesolutions that translate into measurablebenefits for you.

Total Maintenance Services

Our comprehensive service approach alsomeans that we have the ability to trackunit trends in our global fleet throughleading edge diagnostics technology toensure maximum unit performance andavailability. Total Maintenance Services(TMS) is a structured outage planning,implementation and lessons-learnedprocess. It enables our customers toreceive regular notifications of the latest engine design improvements andupgrades as well as notices regardinginspection and maintenance activities.Pre-outage planning is a standard featureto ensure preparedness by identifyingnecessary parts, modifications andupgrades that are available, new trainingprograms, addressing customer questionsand concerns, and offering a compre-hensive scope of recommendations.

By analyzing data and trends from the entireoperating fleet, we can identify and preventissues before they impact your plant perform-ance. The constant flow of information anddocumented pre-outage planning initiativesenable our customers to be better informedand prepared for a more efficient and timelyoutage that meets their goals of unit reliabil-ity, outage duration and budget.

Service programs

Our Service Agreements link perform-ance with customer objectives, providingturnkey outage services as well as partsand repairs for scheduled and unsched-uled maintenance.

This performance-based contractapproach provides incentive for bothparties to benefit from on-time comple-tion, high-quality maintenance, projectmanagement and advanced, remote monitoring and diagnostics systems. A dedicated program manager is on-callto provide support and a dedicated teamof locally based district managers, homeoffice personnel and factory-trainedtechnicians understand and are closelyaligned to your objectives. Our flexibleservice approach enables us to workwith you to create a service programthat truly meets your requirements.

We want to develop an ongoing partner-ship to help ensure your project’s long-term success. We are committed to serving our customers well after plantcommissioning. That is why we offercomprehensive service options, backedby a global network of resources, to support your equipment throughout its entire life-cycle.

Service and support

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Power Diagnostics

Siemens has provided diagnostic systemsdesign and implementation since the early1980s. Whether you are a plant owner oroperator, our Power Diagnostics® servicescan help you maximize your plant perform-ance, availability and profitability.

Your power business is unique; accordingly,your business requirements demand themost innovative and effective solutionsavailable. We meet these challengingrequirements with one of the most effec-tive monitoring and diagnostics servicesavailable to power plant owners. Our PowerDiagnostics approach keeps your plant con-nected to our vast engineering expertise.Data acquired by acquisition systems istransmitted to the Power DiagnosticsCenter to be analyzed and processed byspecialists and engineers. This engineer-ing knowledge, combined with the useof sophisticated tools, provides trendingand analysis capabilities to address abroad range of operating needs specificto each customer. This approach facilitatescontinuous improvement of our solutionsto help you enhance your plant’s availabilityand reliability.

Our Power Diagnostics Centers in theUnited States and Germany are moni-tored around the clock with experiencedprofessionals who understand the com-plexity of your turbine systems and thedemands placed on them. These highlyskilled and trained engineers recognizethe importance you place on keepingyour plant on-line to meet businessdemands. If an abnormal trend is detected,your data will be analyzed, compared to our vast historical operating fleetdatabase, and presented in an under-standable manner to your plant staff fortimely trend assessment. Analysis resultsalso can help you to schedule outageswith more precision. If required, quick-response technical resources also can bedispatched for on-site problem resolution.

To help you optimize your plant operat-ing availability and enhance your bottomline, Power Diagnostics is invaluable inassisting with the detection of impend-ing operational problems, thereby help-ing to minimize unplanned outages andmaximize power generation availability.

Power Diagnostics services

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General description

Designed for both simple and combinedcycle applications, the SGT6-5000F gas turbine can operate on conventional gasturbine fuels and a wide range of alter-nate fuels subject to review by Siemens.The gas turbine consists of a 16-stage,high efficiency axial compressor, combus-tion chamber equipped with 16 Dry LowNOx (DLN) emissions or conventional combustors arranged in a circular arrayaround the engine centerline, and a 4-stage reaction type turbine. The gas turbine is coupled directly to the genera-tor at the compressor end.

Ambient air is drawn through the inletmanifold and inlet casing into the com-pressor. It is pressurized to approximately 16 atmospheres and guided into the combustors, where it is mixed with fueland ignited, raising the temperature of the mixture. The compressed and heatedmixture (gas) then expands through theturbine, dropping in pressure and tem-perature as the heat energy is convertedinto mechanical work. A portion of thepower developed by the turbine is used for driving the compressor, with the balance of power used to drive the generator. Expanded gases are thenexhausted into the atmosphere through an exhaust stack for a simple cycle appli-cation or through a Heat Recovery SteamGenerator (HRSG) and exhaust stack in acombined cycle application.

Design features

SGT6-5000F gas turbine features, such as cold-end generator drive, two-bearingdesign, horizontally split casings, can-annular combustors and tangential strutsupports have been used in this gas turbine family since the early 1950s.

The axial exhaust concept, introduced in1970 on the W501AA, improves performanceand provides greater flexibility for multipleunit plant arrangements especially whenapplied to combined cycle power plants.

Design features summary:

� A two-bearing rotor used to simplify alignment

� Bearings that operate at below atmos-pheric pressure to prevent shaft seal leakage

� Readily accessible bearings that can beremoved and replaced without liftingthe gas turbine covers

� Compressor blades that can be removedfor inspection and reinstalled withoutdisturbing blades in other rows andwithout removing the rotor from itscasing

� Low temperature environment of theexhaust bearing permits the use of less expensive and readily available lubricating oil

� Individual turbine blades that can beremoved for inspection or replacementwith the rotor in place and without disturbing other blades

� Compressor diaphragms and turbineblade rings that can be taken out forinspection or be replaced with the rotorin place

� Field balancing, two end and one cen-ter balance planes are easily accessible

� Multiple boroscopic inspection ports inthe compressor and turbine flow pathsto permit inspection of the bladingwithout lifting covers

� Turbine supports for free expansionand contraction due to temperaturechanges without disturbing the shaftalignment

� Cooling circuits designed to protect thegas turbine parts from the high temper-ature gas stream for better reliabilityand longer life

� A tangential strut support system forthe turbine-end bearing – a Siemenspatented feature – for maintaining thebearing on centerline for all conditionsof load and temperature.

SGT6-5000F gas turbine

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Major assemblies

Casings

Engine casings are horizontally split tofacilitate maintenance with the rotor inplace. Inlet casings are cast from nodulariron or fabricated from cast steel. The compressor section casings are cast steelwhile the combustor, turbine and exhaustcasings are alloy steel.

Eight radial struts support the inlet bearing housing while six tangential struts support the exhaust-end bearinghousing. Airfoil-shaped covers protect the tangential struts from the blade pathgases and support the inner and outer diffuser cones.

Tangential struts maintain alignment of the bearing housing by rotating it, asrequired, to accommodate thermal expan-sion. Individual inner casings (blade rings)are used for each turbine stationary stageand can be readily replaced or serviced with the rotor in place. Similar blade ringsare in the compressor for stages seventhrough sixteen. The blade rings have athermal response independent of the outer casing, thereby permitting the blade rings to remain concentric to therotor. This allows for a minimum clearancebetween rotating and stationary airfoils in order to increase flowpath efficiency.

Rotor assembly

The rotor consists of the compressor and turbine rotor components bolted togetherand supported by two tilting-pad bearings. A direct lubricated, double acting thrust bear-ing located at the compressor end of the gasturbine accommodates engine thrust. Thecompressor rotor is comprised of multiplediscs equipped with load carrying keysbetween discs, aligned using a spigot fit andclamped together by 12 through bolts.

The turbine rotor is made up of interlockingdiscs using CURVIC® couplings that are held together by 12 through bolts. The CURVIC couplings consist of mating curved

teeth that are located around the circumfer-ence of adjacent disc faces, which interlockand provide precise alignment and torquecarrying abilities. This proven turbine rotordesign has accrued millions of hours of reli-able service in all sizes of our gas turbines.

Any turbine or compressor blade can beremoved for inspection and replaced without lifting the rotor.

Air inlet system and compressor

The air inlet system, consisting of the inletfilter, inlet silencer and associated duct-work, delivers air to the compressor. Thecompressor is a 16-stage axial flow designand achieves a 17-to-1 pressure ratio.Inter-stage bleeds for starting and coolingflows are located at the 6th, 10th and 13thstages. The compressor is equipped withone stage of variable inlet guide vanes toimprove the compressor low speed surgecharacteristics and part load performancein combined cycle applications.

The compressor blade path design is basedon an advanced three-dimensional flow fieldanalysis computer model. All rotor bladesincorporate an improved root design thathas flat contact faces (as do the turbineblade roots), which allows the blades to beremoved in the field with the rotor in place.The blades of the first six stages are 17-4 pH(17% Cr precipitation hardened stainlesssteel). Rows seven through sixteen bladesuse AISI 616 stainless steel.

Each stage of stationary airfoils consists oftwo 180° diaphragms for easy removal. Aninner shroud sealing system is used on theSGT6-5000F gas turbine. The seals are sup-ported by machined seal rings, which can be removed to facilitate inspection andmaintenance of shrouds and seals. One rowof exit guide vanes is used to direct the flowleaving the compressor. Stationary airfoilsand shrouds utilize corrosion and heat-resistant stainless steel throughout.

Compressor rotating and stationary airfoilsare coated to improve aerodynamic perform-ance and provide corrosion protection.

SGT6-5000F gas turbine

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Combustion system

The combustion system consists of 16 can-annular, dry low emissions (25 ppm or 9 ppmNOx systems are available) or conventionalcombustors.

The presence or absence of flame and theuniformity of the fuel distribution betweencombustors are monitored by thermocoupleslocated downstream of the last stage turbineblades. These can also detect combustor mal-functions when at load. Ultraviolet detectorsare used to sense ignition during starting.

Transition ducts, one for each combustor,direct the hot gases from the combustors tothe turbine blade path. The transitions are air-cooled and the same design is used in bothsimple and combined cycle applications.

Turbine section

The turbine design of the SGT6-5000F gasturbine maintains moderate aerodynamicloading by the use of a 4-stage turbine.Furthermore, improvements in aerodynamicairfoil shapes have been made possible byusing a fully three-dimensional flow analysiscomputer model. A sophisticated airfoildesign approach was utilized to target highaerodynamic efficiency.

The 1st and 2nd stages on the turbine rotorcontain 72 and 66 freestanding blades,respectively. The 3rd and 4th stages contain112 and 84 blades, which incorporate inte-gral Z-tip shrouds. The shrouding of bladesallows increases in mass flow and thus anincrease in the power output. The shroudedblade design prevents flow induced non-synchronous vibration due to aero-elasticinteraction between blade structure and flow.

The 1st and 2nd stage rotating blades areprecision cast of equiaxed IN-738. The 3rdand 4th stage rotating blades are precisioncast of equiaxed CM-247. All rows have longblade root extensions to minimize the stressconcentration factor that results when loadis transferred between cross sections of different size and shape. Roots are multipleserration type with four serrations used onthe first two rows and five serrations on thelast two stages.

The 1st turbine stationary row consists of 32 precision-cast, single-vane segments ofECY-768 alloy coated with thermal barriercoating (TBC) for improved thermal resist-ance. Consistent with previous proven W501designs, 1st row single vanes are removable,without lifting any covers, through accessports in the combustor shell. Inner shroudsare supported from the torque tube casingto limit flexural stresses and distortion, thusmaintaining control of critical 1st row vaneangles. In the 2nd turbine stationary row,there are 24 two-vane segments precision-cast of ECY-768 alloy, which are also treatedwith TBC. The 3rd turbine stationary row consists of 16 three-vane segments and the4th turbine stationary row consists of 14 four-vane segments. Both are precision castof X-45.

Each row of vane segments is supported in a separate blade ring, which is keyed andsupported to permit radial and axial thermalresponse independent of possible externalcylinder displacements. Segmented isolationrings support the vane segments. Ring segments located over the rotating bladesform the flow path outer annulus. Isolationand ring segments both act to limit thermalconduction between the flow path and theblade ring, thus mitigating blade ring clear-ance changes in the turbine section. Theinterstage seal housings are uniquely support-ed from the inner shrouds of rows 2, 3 and 4vane segments by radial keys. This permitsthe thermal response of the seal housings tobe independent of the more rapid thermalresponse of the vane segments.

Cooling system

Comprehensive cooling methods enable theSGT6-5000F gas turbine to operate at highperformance firing temperatures while usingconventional materials.

Compressor bleed air from the 13th, 10thand 6th stages are used to provide coolingair to turbine blade ring cavities at the 2nd,3rd and 4th stages, respectively. This supplyof bleed air also cools the 2nd, 3rd and 4thstage vanes and ring segments and provides

SGT6-5000F gas turbine

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cooling air for the turbine interstage disccavities to shield the interstage seals anddisc faces from hot blade path gases.

Direct compressor discharge air is used tocool the 1st row vane. The 1st row vanecooling design uses state-of-the art conceptswith three impingement inserts in combina-tion with an array of film-cooling holes and a trailing edge pin-fin system. “Showerhead”cooling is used at the leading edge of the 1st row vane, while film cooling is used atselected pressure and suction side locations.This limits vane wall thermal gradients andexternal surface temperatures, while provid-ing an efficient re-entry for spent cooling air.Pin-fins, used successfully for the first timeon the W501D5 1st row vane, are used toincrease turbulence and surface area, therebyoptimizing the overall trailing edge coolingeffectiveness. (See Figure 2.) The design ofthe 1st row vane is such that the Low CycleFatigue (LCF) design criteria is satisfied bycontrol of wall thermal gradients.

For the 2nd row vane, 13th stage compres-sor bleed air is ducted directly to the twininsert system. The 2nd row vane cooling is aless complex version of 1st row vane cool-ing. It uses twin impingement inserts withfilm-cooling holes and a trailing edge pin-fin

system. Film cooling is used at one locationon the suction side and at the exit of the aftinsert on the pressure side.

Compressor bleed air from the 10th stage isused to supply cooling air to the 3rd stageblade ring cavity. Cooling air is directed tothe inlet cavity of a three-cavity multipassconvective-cooled vane airfoil. Leading edgecavity flow also supplies the interstage sealand cooling system, while the third pass cavity exits at pressure side gill holes on the vane surface. The 4th stage vane isuncooled, but does transport 6th stage com-pressor bleed air for the 4th row inter-stageseal. (Figure 3 depicts the cooling system.)

Rotor cooling air is extracted from the com-bustor shell. The air is externally cooled andreturned to the torque tube seal housing tobe used for seal air supply and for cooling ofthe turbine discs and 1st, 2nd and 3rd stageturbine rotor blades. This provides a blanketof protection from hot blade path gases.

The 1st stage blade is cooled by a combina-tion of convection techniques via multipassserpentine passages and pin-fin cooling in the trailing edge exit slots. (See Figure 4,page 12.) Air supply for blade cooling is high-pressure compressor discharge air that hasbeen cooled and returned to the turbine rotorvia four supply pipes in the combustor shell.Cooling air flows outward through threeslots in the root and is conveyed radiallythrough the blade shank. Showerhead filmcooling is used for the leading edge region.The 2nd row rotor blade is also precision castand is cooled by a combination of convection

SGT6-5000F gas turbine

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4th Stage Cooling

3rd Stage Cooling

2nd Stage Cooling

Rotor CoolingHeat ExchangerSGT6-5000F

Second Stage Cooling Circuit

Figure 3 - Turbine cooling air system

Figure 2 - Row 1 vane cooling

Leading edge“Showerhead”film cooling

Film cooling

Protective + thermalbarrier coatings

Vane impingement cooling inserts

Pin-fin coolingtrailing edge

Outer shroud filmand impingementcooling

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techniques via serpentine passage andpin-fin cooling in the trailing edge exitslots. The 3rd row blade is precision castwith single pass convective cooling holes.

The cooling system maintains the NiCrMoVturbine discs at a temperature sufficient tokeep the disc below the creep range.

Exhaust cylinder section

The exhaust cylinder fabrication is com-posed of the bearing housing, inner andouter cones of the exhaust diffuser andouter case, all joined together by meansof a strut system. The strut system con-sists of six bearing struts equally spacedaround the circumference but positionedtangentially with respect to the bearinghousing.

These struts extend from the bearinghousing to the outer case. In the hot gassection of the exhaust diffuser, the bear-ing struts are shielded inside another setof struts, which are hollow and serve assupports for the exhaust diffuser cones.Thus, the bearing struts are protectedfrom the hot exhaust gas by envelopesof cooler air around them. This results ina strut system that is less sensitive totransient temperatures. Growth of theouter case and struts is accommodatedby bearing housing rotation.

The system provides a low stress, rigidsupport, capable of holding the bearingon center for variations of load and temperature.

Axial exhaust manifold section

The exhaust manifold section consists ofthe exhaust manifold, expansion jointwith flow liner and exhaust transition.The exhaust gas flows through the mani-fold and flow liner into the transitionand is then discharged into the stack.

The manifold acts like a muffler in whichthe flow is slowed down without becom-ing excessively turbulent. This flow stabi-lization further improves the gas turbineperformance. All parts of the exhaustsystem section, with the exception ofthe expansion joint, are fabricated froma high strength, low alloy steel.

The exhaust manifold is composed ofone outer and inner cylinder heldtogether by means of two hollow struts.The outer cylinder has the shape of atruncated cone. The inner cylinder, inconjunction with the inner cone of theexhaust diffuser, forms an enclosedchamber around the gas turbine center-line. An access passage to this chamberand a channel for the pipe and conduitlines going to the bearing area are provided through the hollow struts.

The manifold is connected to theexhaust transition by means of anexpansion joint made from a high tem-perature-resistant material. The expan-sion joint’s primary function is to accom-modate the axial growth of the unit dueto thermal expansion and to prevent anyexternal load from being imposed uponthe exhaust manifold.

The axial exhaust configuration is ideallysuited for waste heat recovery applica-tions such as combined cycle, cogenera-tion and repowering.

Pin-fin cooling

Multipass serpentinepassages

Figure 4 - Row 1 blade cooling

Showerhead film cooling

Film cooling

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Scope of supply definitions

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General description

The SGT6-PAC 5000F plant is designedto provide the user with a completepower generating system. Componentsand subsystems are selected to form acompact plant housed within enclosures.

The SGT6-PAC 5000F plant featuresmodular construction to facilitate ship-ment and field assembly. Subsystems aregrouped and installed in auxiliary modules.Each module of the SGT6-PAC 5000Fplant is factory assembled to the extentpermitted by shipping limitations to minimize field assembly. Pipe rackassemblies that provide interconnectingpiping between the standard modulesare supplied, eliminating the need forextensive piping fabrication during construction.

The basic bill of materials for a SGT6-PAC 5000F plant typically includesthe following equipment and assemblies:

� SGT6-5000F Gas Turbine

� Open air-cooled generator

� Brushless excitation and voltage regulator system

� Starting package

� Electrical package

� Lubricating oil system package

� Instrument air system

� Hydraulic oil system

� Gas fuel system

� Inlet air and exhaust gas systems

� Compressor water wash package

� Piping packages

� Cooling systems

� Fire protection

� Voltage transformer and surge cubicle.

Optional Equipment:

� Auxiliary transformer

� Isolated phase bus

� Evaporative cooling system

� Dual fuel combustion system

� Liquid fuel system

� Totally Enclosed Water-to-Air-Cooled(TEWAC) Generator

� Hydrogen-cooled generator

� Water injection package (supplied with liquid fuel system for NOx control).

SGT6-PAC 5000F power plant

14

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25

Generator

The open air-cooled (OAC) SiemensGenerator (SGenTM) is equipped with acooling air filter, silencers, inlet andexhaust ducting, brushless exciter, acousti-cal enclosure, and necessary instrumenta-tion. The main three-phase terminals arelocated on top of the acoustical enclosureat the excitation end of the generator forisolated phase interface. Internal cooling isprovided via shaft-mounted axial blowers,which direct filtered ambient air throughthe generator's major internal compo-nents. A solid coupling connects the generator to the compressor at the coldend of the gas turbine.

Totally enclosed water-to-air-cooled(TEWAC) (as shown in Figure 5) or hydro-gen-cooled generators are also options.

Generator cooling system

For open air-cooled generators, the cooling air is drawn into the generatorthrough a pad type filter and a silencingsection contained in the inlet duct. Thecooling air is forced through the generatorvia shaft-mounted blower fans located oneither end of the generator shaft. As theforced air passes through the generator'smajor internal components, the heat isabsorbed into the air and exhaustedthrough the exhaust duct.

When selected, a TEWAC system provides aclosed cooling air circuit. Cooling water iscirculated through tube banks to exchangeheat energy between the closed circuit gen-erator cooling air and water. The internalactive cooling paths, including the shaft-mounted blowers, are identical in both OAC

and TEWAC designs. Cooling water is sup-plied by a fin-fan cooler or from a plantcooling water system.

Brushless excitation and voltage regulator system

The brushless exciter and voltage regulatorsystem functions to supplies generator fieldexcitation and controls the output of the ACgenerator terminal voltage. The brushlessexciter has a shaft-mounted rotating arma-ture and diode wheel. The voltage regula-tor supplies the stationary DC field to thebrushless exciter, either under automatic ormanual control. A static excitation systemis an option.

Starting package

The base starting system is a modular pack-age, with a fabricated steel bedplate and asteel enclosure for outdoor installation. The starting system includes an AC electricmotor, a torque converter with chargingpump, a turning gear, a turning gear motor,a clutch and associated instrumentation.The welded steel, all-weather enclosure (for outdoor application) is complete withaccess stairs, a door and a maintenanceplatform. Louvered openings on the enclo-sure provide natural ventilation.

An optional static starting system is avail-able for simple cycle applications. The staticstart package includes a static frequencyconverter, a static excitation system, a two-speed turning gear (with a DC motor forslow spin and AC motor for acceleration to120 rpm), a clutch and associated instru-mentation. The static starting system isused when the fast start option, (150 MWin 10 minutes) is selected.

The starter package (whichever utilized)provides breakaway torque for initial rotation of the turbine generator, and thetorque necessary for acceleration to self-sustaining speed. The starting system dis-engages once the unit reaches self-sustain-ing speed. During cool-down periods, theturning gear, a component of the startingpackage, provides for a slow roll of thecombined turbine and generator rotor.

SGT6-PAC 5000F power plant

15

Figure 5 - TEWAC generator

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25

Electrical package

The electrical package contains equipmentnecessary for sequencing, control andmonitoring of the gas turbine and genera-tor. This includes the gas turbine controlsystem, motor control centers, generatorprotective relay panels, voltage regulator,fire protection system, battery and batterycharger. The batteries are in an isolatedsection of the package and are readilyaccessible from the outside. RedundantHVAC units are provided in the electricalpackage to ensure a clean environmentfor the temperature sensitive electricaland control equipment.

Lubricating oil system package

The lube oil package is a factory manufac-tured weather-resistant skid for the lubri-cating oil system. The lubrication systemprovides clean, filtered oil at the requiredtemperature and pressure for lubricatingbearings of the gas turbine, generator andstarting package. The lube oil packageincludes a lube oil reservoir, which pro-vides a mounting base for the followinglube oil system components:

� Main and alternate AC motor-drivenpumps

� Emergency DC motor-driven pump

� Vapor extraction blowers

� Duplex filter assembly

� Accumulators.

The lube oil cooler assembly is located ontop of the lube oil package roof. The lube oilsystem is supplied complete with intercon-necting piping, valves and instrumentation.

Instrumentation air system

The turbine enclosure houses the com-pressed air reservoir and a pressure switchand gauge panel. The pressure switch andgauge panel contains all of the requiredpressure switches, gauges, regulating andsafety valves, air filters and desiccants.These components clean, dry, control,monitor and direct the instrument air tovarious valves and instruments. For com-bined cycle installations, the most efficient

source of compressed air is typically theplant service air compressors. For simplecycle installation, an optional reciprocatingair compressor can be provided.

Hydraulic oil system

A Hydraulic Oil Power Unit (HPU) is sup-plied when the engine is equipped with aDLN combustion system. The HPU provideshigh pressure hydraulic oil to operate thegas fuel stage throttle valve and the inletguide vane actuators. The HPU is a self-con-tained unit mounted on a fabricated steelskid assembly and is located outdoors adja-cent to the gas turbine enclosure and themechanical package enclosure.

The major components are:

� Stainless steel fabricated oil reservoir

� AC motor-driven high pressure chargepumps; fully redundant (2 x 100%)mounted and driven by the high pressure pump motor spindle shaft

� Hydraulic oil cooler, radiator type fan

� Filter (100% redundant duplex) hous-ings assembly

� Safety relief valves, pressure regulatingvalves

� Hydraulic accumulators

� Electric immersion heaters

� Instrumentation for local and remotemonitoring of pressure and temperature

� Interconnect tubing assemblies (stainless steel).

Gas fuel system

The principal components of the gas fuelsystem are located inside the turbineenclosure. For the base unheated fueldesign, the fuel filter/separator is installedoutdoors adjacent to the gas turbineenclosure. The piping assemblies andvalves are supplied as spool sections forfield erection. The major components ofthe base fuel system include:

� Fuel filter/separator system

� Fuel throttle valves for each fuel stagewith associated instrumentation

� Overspeed trip and shut off valve(s)

Auxiliary packages

16

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� Main pressure control valve and startpressure regulating valve

� Vent valve

� Fuel flow monitoring orifices withassociated instrumentation.

Instrumentation to monitor the criticalparameters is centralized and mountedon a fuel control panel located inside theturbine enclosure. Pressure gauges tolocally monitor the fuel pressure are typi-cally located on this panel. Field installedinter-connecting piping assemblies thatdirect the fuel to the turbine-mountedfuel manifolds are supplied.

For the optional heated fuel design, anadditional filter/separator for the pilot stageand a pilot overspeed trip/shut off valve aresupplied. The pilot filter separator is alsolocated outdoors adjacent to the turbineenclosure.

The heated fuel option is typically appliedin combined cycle applications. The fuel isheated using a low energy water sourcethus utilizing energy to improve the netcombined cycle efficiency.

Liquid fuel system (optional)

For liquid fuel applications (either dual or single fuel), a liquid fuel system is sup-plied. The liquid fuel system consists offactory-assembled components, includingan AC motor-driven fuel pump, a suctionside duplex fuel filter with transfer valve,and a control valve, installed on a bed-plate. Interconnecting piping to this gasturbine is also included.

Liquid fuel/water injection system(optional)

When a liquid fuel system is required, afactory-assembled demineralized waterinjection skid is furnished. This waterinjection skid is assembled on a bedplateand includes an AC motor-driven injectionpump with suction strainer, manifolds,control valves and instrumentation.

When liquid fuel and water injection sys-tems are required, an additional skid for theprimary fuel and water scheduling compo-nents is provided and is located inside theturbine enclosure. In a typical liquid fuelinstallation, this skid contains liquid fuelflow dividers, liquid fuel control valves,water injection valves and a local instru-ment panel.

Air inlet and exhaust gas systems

Air that is drawn into the gas turbine is fil-tered via a two-stage pad filter. A self-clean-ing pulse filter is also an available option.After passing through the filter, the inlet airduct guides the air into the compressorinlet manifold. This manifold is designed toprovide a smooth flow pattern into the axialflow compressor. An inlet silencer providessound attenuation. After passing throughthe combustor and turbine section, com-bustion gas discharges axially through atransition section and into an exhaust stackfor simple cycle applications.

In combined cycle applications, the exhausttransitions direct the exhaust gases into theHRSG before exiting the stack.

Compressor water wash package

The compressor water wash package is provided for both on-line and off-line com-pressor cleaning. This package incorporatesan AC motor-driven pump, an eductor fordetergent injection, piping, valves, orifices,interconnecting piping and a detergentstorage tank assembled on a bedplate.

Piping packages

SGT6-PAC 5000F plant piping is designedand manufactured to minimize field work.Each of the major pipe modules is factoryassembled to reduce field connections.

The turbine pipe package is located adja-cent to the gas turbine and in the gas tur-bine enclosure. It contains valves and pip-ing assemblies for the turbine cooling airsystem and the lube oil system. The rotorcooling bleed valve is also located withinthe turbine piping package.

Auxiliary packages

17

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Cooling systems

Lube oil cooler

An air-to-oil fin-fan lube oil cooler (water-to-oil cooler, optional) and the associated temperature control valve aremounted on top of the lube oil packageroof. The temperature control valve maintains the lube oil temperature withinthe design range by controlling the flow of oil through the cooler.

Rotor air cooler

Rotor cooling air is extracted from thecombustor shell, cooled by an externalcooler, and introduced into the turbinesection to be used for sealing purposesand to cool the appropriate rotating discs and rotating blades.

The rotor air cooler system supplied for simple cycle applications is an air-to-air fin-fan heat exchanger fitted with a vari-able speed motor-driven fan. The energyremoved from the cooling air is released to the surrounding air.

For SCC6-PAC 5000F package or SCC6-5000F Turnkey combined cycle applications, the rotor air cooling systemmay include an air-to-water heat exchanger(kettle boiler) instead of a fin-fan cooler.With the kettle boiler, the energy removedfrom the cooling air is recovered and used to produce low-pressure steam. This steam is introduced into the steam circuit to improve the plant efficiency.

Fire protection system

The fire protection system gives a visual indi-cation of actuation at the local control panel.There are two independent systems:

� An automatically actuated dry chemicalsystem is provided for the exhaust bearing area of the turbine. The system consists of temperature sensing devices,spray nozzles, a dry chemical tank, inter-connecting piping and wiring.

� The FM-200® fire suppressant system isprovided for total flooding protection of theturbine enclosure and the electrical controlpackage in accordance with the U.S.National Fire Protection Agency standards.

� The CO2-based fire suppressant system isalso available as an option.

VT and surge cubicle

A Voltage Transformer (VT) and surge cubicleis provided as a separate unit for connectionto an isolated phase bus. It contains twothree-phase sets of voltage transformers and one set of surge arresters.

Auxiliary transformers (optional)

The optional auxiliary power transformermay be included as part of the SGT6-PAC5000F bill of material.

Isolated phase bus (optional)

The optional isolated phase bus, located atthe starting package end of the gas turbineunit, carries power from the generator termi-nals to the customer connection. The VT andsurge cubicle connects to the bus assembly.

Auxiliary packages

18

Electrical package

VT & surge cubicle

Inlet air system

Generator enclosure

Excitation package

Starting package

Rotor air cooler

Lube oil cooler& lube oil package

Water injection skid

Fuel oil skid

Hydraulic oil skid

Gas turbineenclosure

Exhaust transition

Exhaust stack

Figure 6 - SGT6-PAC 5000F arrangement diagram

Figure 6 - SGT6-PAC 5000F simple cycle arrangement diagram depicts the location of themajor components described above.

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Figure 7 - SGT6-PAC 5000F simple cycle plant general arrangement drawing

25

SGT6-PAC 5000F plant arrangement diagram

19

Key:

1. Gas turbine (GT)2. GT enclosure3. Generator (OAC)4. Generator air inlet filter5. Turbine air inlet duct and silencer6. Turbine air inlet filter7. Fuel gas main filter/separator8. FM-200® fire protection9. Exhaust transition10. Exhaust stack

11. Rotor air cooler (fin-fan)12. Dry chemical cabinet13. Water injection pump skid14. Fuel oil pump skid15. Hydraulic supply skid16. Lube oil package17. Lube oil cooler (fin-fan)18. Electrical package19. Compressor wash skid20. Starting package

21. Brushless excitation22. VT & surge cubicle23. Isolated phase bus duct (by others)

Comment: Items 13 and 14 only requiredwith Dual Fuel.Notes: The equipment shown is representa-tive information. This design is subject tochange at the discretion of Siemens. Alldimensions shown are in feet and inches(metric).

87

'-3"

(26

.59

m)

167'-4"(51 m)

36

'-1"

(11

m)

16

171812

5

6

47

1

1315

9

10

11

8

23

19

14

21

20

2223

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SGT6-PAC 5000F simple cycle performance

20

Following is the net reference performance for the SGT6-PAC 5000F power plant.

Conditions: Natural gas or liquid fuel meeting Siemens’ fuel specifications. Elevation: sea level; 14.696 psia barometric pressure, 60%

relative humidity, 59 ºF (15 ºC) inlet air temperature, 3.4 in. water (87 mm water) inlet loss, 5 in. water (127 mm water) exhaust loss,

air-cooled generator and .90 power factor (pf).

Combustor DLN Conventional Conventional DLN*type Dry Water injection Steam injection Steam augmentation

Fuel Natural gas Natural gas Natural gas Natural gas

Net power output (kW) 196,000 207,790 215,650 219,400

Net heat rate (Btu/kWh) (LHV) 9,059 9,442 8,736 8,846

Net heat rate (kJ/kWh) (LHV) 9,557 9,961 9,217 9,333

Exhaust temperature (°F/ °C) 1,079/582 1,052/567 1,072/578 1,092/589

Exhaust flow (lb/hr) 3,988,800 4,105,581 4,123,828 4,120,363

Exhaust flow (kg/hr) 1,809,308 1,862,279 1,870,556 1,868,984

Fuel flow (lb/hr) 82,542 91,205 87,579 90,272

Fuel flow (kg/hr) 37,441 41,370 39,726 40,947

Fuel Liquid Liquid Liquid Liquid**

Net power output (kW) 186,650 193,417 206,244

Net heat rate (Btu/kWh) (LHV) 9,451 9,674 8,879

Net heat rate (kJ/kWh) (LHV ) 9,972 10,206 9,368

Exhaust temperature (°F/ °C) 1,048/584 1,033/556 1,054/568

Exhaust flow (lb/hr) 4,030,920 4,100,167 4,143,902

Exhaust flow (kg/hr) 1,828,413 1,859,824 1,879,662

Fuel flow (lb/hr) 95,361 101,146 98,999

Fuel flow (kg/hr) 43,255 45,879 44,906

* Steam injected through the combustor section casing into the compressor discharge air to increase output.

** Steam augmentation with liquid fuel available on a case-by-case basis.

Correction curves

To estimate thermal performance of the SGT6-PAC 5000F plant at conditions other than those noted above, the following correction

curves are provided:

� Correction for compressor inlet temperature (Figure 8)

� Correction for excess exhaust pressure loss (Figure 9)

� Correction for excess inlet pressure loss (Figure 10)

� Correction for barometric pressure* (Figure 11)*Barometric pressure (BP) can be calculated from the site elevation (ELE) using: BP = 7.08601 E -09 x ELE2 -5.29221 E -04 x ELE +14.696

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SGT6-PAC 5000F simple cycle performance

21

Correction curves

To estimate thermal performance of the SGT6-PAC 5000F at conditions other than those noted, the following correction curves may be used:

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SGT6-PAC 5000F technical data

SGT6-PAC 5000FPlant weights and dimensions Shown below is a typical list of the major pieces of equipment along with their approximate shipping weights and nominal dimensions.

Item Weight Length Width Height RemarksGas turbine 462,000 lbs 33 ft 0 in 13 ft 0 in 15 ft 0 inElectric motor starting package 36,500 lbs 22 ft 6 in 11 ft 6 in 16 ft 9 inElectrical package 33,000 lbs 32 ft 0 in 12 ft 6 in 11 ft 3 inLube oil package 60,000 lbs 25 ft 0 in 12 ft 0 in 12 ft 0 inLube oil cooler (fin-fan) 29,000 lbs 25 ft 0 in 12 ft 0 in 13 ft 8 in with support structureLube oil cooler (duplex plate) 16,000 lbs 13 ft 6 in 11 ft 10 in 7 ft 1 in with support structureTurbine piping package 35,000 lbs 40 ft 0 in 10 ft 10 in 11 ft 11 inRotor air cooler (fin-fan) 27,000 lbs 22 ft 0 in 13 ft 6 in 12 ft 0 inGenerator Aeropac ll 530,000 lbs 41 ft 0 in 13 ft 0 in 14 ft 0 in acoustic / weather enclosure; ships separately

Heaviest piece lifted WeightDuring construction Air-cooled generator 550,000 lbsAfter construction Bladed gas turbine rotor 110,000 lbs

22

SGT6-5000F gas turbineCompressor

Type Axial flowNumber of stages 16Rotor speed 3600 rpmPressure ratio 17:1Inlet guide vanes Variable

Combustion system

Combustors:Type Dry Low NOxConfiguration Can-annularFuel Gas fuel only

Gas fuel & liquid fuel (option)Number 16

Fuels: Natural gas pressure range 475 to 500 psig -

Nominal @ gas turbine filter/separator inlet flange

Liquid fuel (option) 50 to 90 psig @ fuel oil skid interface flange (Demineralized water injection required)

Turbine

Number of stages 4Number of cooled stages 3

Bearings

Journal bearing:Type Tilting padQuantity 2

Thrust bearing: Drive endType Tilting padNumber 1

Drive Cold end, direct coupled

GeneratorStandard ANSI/IECType

- Base Open air-cooled (OAC)- Option Totally enclosed water-to-air-cooled- Option Hydrogen-cooled

Excitation- Base Brushless- Option Static

Nameplate ratingMVA 249 MVAPower factor 0.90Voltage 15 KVCurrent 8200 AFrequency 60 HzSpeed 3600 RPMField current 1544 AField voltage 270 VAmbient temperature 59°F / 15°CCold gas temperature 32°CInsulation class Class FOperation class Class FShort circuit ratio 0.45Direct axis impedance Saturated

Xd = 2.13 per unitX'd = 0.26 per unitX''d = 0.19 per unit

Starting systemElectric motor started AC MotorStarting time to base load* 30 min (base)Turning gear DC Drive

Recommended inspection intervalsInspection type - Gas fuel Hours StartsCombustor 8,333 450Hot gas path 25,000 900Major overhaul 50,000 1,800

*A fast-start option is available to provide 150 MW in 10 minutes.

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SCC6-5000F combined cycle plants

23

General description

Combined cycle plants can be made upof various combinations of gas turbines,HRSGs and steam turbines. The scope of supply can be a SGT6-PAC 5000Fpackage, SCC6-PAC 5000F power island or SCC6-5000F turnkey plant.

A typical 2x1 combined cycle powerplant consists of two SGT6-5000F gasturbines each with a dedicated HRSGthat supplies steam to a shared steamturbine. The gas turbines will primarilyburn natural gas with optional provisionsto burn liquid fuel as a backup. Each gasturbine will be coupled with a three-pressure reheat HRSG, which will gener-ate steam to operate the steam turbine.Generators attached to the two gas turbines and the steam turbine will supply electrical power to the grid.

Major equipment

A typical 2x1 turnkey combined cycleplant consists of the following majorequipment:

� Two SGT6-5000F gas turbines with air-cooled generators

� Two three-pressure level reheat HRSGswith stacks (fired as an option)

� One multi-cylinder reheat condensingsteam turbine with air-cooled generator

� One water-cooled condenser using aforced-draft cooling tower

� One integrated plant distribution control system

� Balance of plant (BOP) equipment consisting of pumps, transformers,power electrics, etc.

� HV switchyard.

Major equipment descriptions

Gas turbine

The SGT6-5000F gas turbine as outlined inthe general description can be applied in acombined cycle application.

Heat recovery steam generator

The three-pressure, reheat HRSGs produce steam, which drives the steamturbine. The exhaust gas flows horizon-tally through the HRSGs releasing heatthrough the finned tubes to thewater/steam cycle.

Depending on specific project require-ments, the HRSG can be either a drum-type or a once-through design.

The sections of the drum-type HRSG con-tain economizer tube bundles, evaporatortube bundles with associated steamdrums, and a superheater tube bundle.Feedwater is pumped through the econo-mizer sections for optimized performance.

The once-through, BENSON® technologyHRSG has an advanced superheater outletdesign to enhance fast start capability,making the plant better suited for oper-ating regimes between intermediate and continuous duty. The feedwater ispassed through a condensate polishingsystem and pumped through the sections of the boiler.

Either HRSG design can be supplied withprovisions for SCR and/or CO catalyst.

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Steam turbine

The steam generated in the HRSG is sup-plied to a two-cylinder, reheat, condensingsteam turbine with high efficiency blad-ing. Depending on the back pressure orthe amount of HRSG supplemental firing,the steam turbine is optimized as either asingle-flow axial exhaust condensing type,a dual-flow side or a down exhaust condensing type.

The single-flow turbine consists of a single-flow HP turbine element and acombined IP/LP element. The dual-flowturbine consists of a combined HP/IP turbine element and a double flow LPturbine element.

Main steam is supplied directly to the HPturbine inlet valves. Hot reheat and IPinduction steam enters through the IPturbine inlet valves. In the dual-flowsteam turbine, LP induction steam entersthe steam path through a port normallylocated in the crossover pipe. In the single-flow steam turbine, LP steam enters thesteam path through an induction portappropriately located in the turbineblade path. Upon exiting the LP turbine,steam exhausts into a water-cooled orair-cooled condenser.

100% steam turbine bypass system

The condenser is designed to accommo-date the exhaust from the steam turbineplus the miscellaneous drains from thesteam system. The condenser is alsodesigned to allow 100% steam bypass of the steam turbine.

Condensate pumps

Condensate is pumped from the con-denser hotwell by 2x50% condensatepumps (one full capacity pump for eachHRSG). The condensate then passesthrough the low temperature economiz-er section in the HRSG prior to enteringthe LP steam drum and boiler feedpumpsection. For redundancy, an optional3x50% arrangement is available.

Boiler feedwater pump island

A boiler feedwater pump island concept isemployed using 2x50% pumps (one fullcapacity pump for each HRSG) headeredtogether. These pumps supply feedwaterto the HP and LP boiler sections of theHRSGs. The pumps are electric motor-driven and are located adjacent to theHRSG nearest the steam turbine. Thepumps take suction from the condensatepump discharge after the low temperatureeconomizer raises the pressure to theappropriate level to supply the feedwaterto the boiler section(s).

Cooling system

A typical combined cycle plant incorpo-rates a water-cooled condenser using aforced-draft wet cooling tower. Additionalarrangements include a condenser withonce-through cooling, air-cooling or ahybrid cooling tower.

SCC6-5000F combined cycle plants

24

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SCC6-5000F combined cycle plants

25

Control, protection and monitoring

Control, protection and monitoring func-tions for the SGT6-5000F gas turbine-based power plant are performed by theSiemens Power Plant Automation (SPPATM)system known as the SPPA-3000. Thismicroprocessor-based distributed controlsystem located within the electrical pack-age has the flexibility to accommodate awide range of plant configurations andinterface options.

Although the SGT6-PAC 5000F powerplant control system is provided speci-fically for the gas turbine-generator unitand its direct auxiliaries, it is expandableto accommodate additional control systemautomation processors and cabinets of thesame manufacturer on the network, in thecentral control room or other locations.

Balance of Plant (BOP) functions mayinclude thermal equipment, circulatingwater loops, switchyard monitoring andSCADA interface for a complete combinedcycle plant.

Supplemental HRSG firing (option)

Supplemental HRSG firing (duct firing) is available as an option to increase theplant output by introducing additionalheat energy into the gas turbine exhauststream. By adding burners strategicallylocated in the HRSG, plant output can be increased by over 6% with moderateduct firing and over 20% with heavyduct firing.

Site layout and arrangement of equipment

Using a modular approach, the SiemensReference Power Plant (RPP) can readilybe configured to satisfy a number of siteor customer specific requirements.

Figure 12 - SCC6-5000F 2x1 combinedcycle plant general arrangement drawing(as shown on page 26) illustrates thebase design configuration for a singlefuel (natural gas only), outdoor arrange-ment with a cooling tower.

BOP equipment will be provided inaccordance with Siemens RPP designs asmodified to suit site-specific requirements.Pre-engineered options are available toaddress customer requirements.

The overall site and building arrange-ments were developed to optimize spacerequirements while maintaining ampleaccess for operation and maintenanceactivities.

The gas turbine-generators, steam turbine-generator, condenser and associatedauxiliaries are normally located outdoorsbut can also be placed in a building asan option. The HRSG and associated auxiliary equipment are located outdoors.

Figure 13 - SCC6-5000F 1x1 combinedcycle plant general arrangement drawing(as shown on page 27) illustrates the basedesign configuration for a single fuel(natural gas only), outdoor arrangementwith a cooling tower.

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Figure 12 - SCC6-5000F 2x1 combined cycle plant general arrangement drawing

SCC6-5000F plant arrangement diagrams

26

Key:

1. SGT6-5000F Gas Turbine (GT) enclosure2. GT generator (TEWAC – below inlet filter)3. GT air inlet filter4. Fuel gas filter/separator5. Rotor air cooler (kettle boiler type)6. Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG)7. Fuel gas preheater8. Power control center9. Generator breaker10. Auxiliary transformer11. GT generator transformer12. Boiler feedwater pumps

13. Steam turbine14. Surface condenser15. ST generator (TEWAC)16. Vacuum pumps17. Main condensate pumps18. Gland steam skid19. Lube oil skid20. Isolated phase bus duct21. ST generator transformer22. Cooling water pipe23. Cooling tower24. Cooling tower pump

25. Demineralized water storage tank26. Compressed air system27. Control room building28. Roads29. Generation building (option)30. Bridge crane (option with generation

building)Notes: The equipment shown is representativeinformation. This design is subject to change atthe discretion of Siemens. All dimensions shownare in feet and inches (metric). Cooling towerlocation to be determined by prevailing winds.

2230

26

24

23

26

16

1417 18

12

25

5

6

47

1301315

6

8

5

1

47

28

2

38

9

1020

27

28

11

11

20

82

3

1914

29

8821

208

28

2224

23

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SCC6-5000F plant arrangement diagrams

27

Figure 13 - SCC6-5000F 1x1 combined cycle plant general arrangement drawing

Key:

1. SGT6-5000F Gas Turbine (GT) enclosure2. GT generator (TEWAC)3. GT air inlet filter4. Fuel gas filter/separator5. Rotor air cooler (kettle boiler type)6. Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG)7. Fuel gas preheater8. Power control center9. Generator breaker10. Auxiliary transformer11. GT generator transformer12. Boiler feedwater pumps

13. Steam turbine14. Surface condenser15. ST generator (TEWAC)16. Vacuum pumps17. Main condensate pumps18. Gland steam skid19. Lube oil skid20. Isolated phase bus duct21. ST generator transformer22. Cooling water pipe23. Cooling tower24. Cooling tower pump

25. Demineralized water storage tank26. Compressed air system27. Control room building28. Roads29. Generation building (option)30. Bridge crane (option with generation

building)Notes: The equipment shown is representativeinformation. This design is subject to change atthe discretion of Siemens. All dimensions shownare in feet and inches (metric). Cooling towerlocation to be determined by prevailing winds.

25

26

28

7

6

12

4

5

22

24

17

148

23 29

8

8 27

1816

1315

19

20 21

30

1 2

8

20

38

9 10

28

11

28

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Combined cycle performance

The performance of combined cycle powerplants varies with the site conditions, theequipment selected, and the thermal cycledesign. For the SGT6-5000F gas turbinebased combined cycle turnkey plant, thecomponents and the cycle have beenselected to provide increased performance.

With a turnkey plant scope, we control thedesign and supply of critical components,thus providing the customer with a singlepoint of contact for performance relatedissues. Turnkey combined cycle perform-ance is shown in the table below.

Figures 14 through 19 provide factors to estimate the performance for differentcompressor inlet air temperatures and baro-metric pressures. Figure 20 (as shown onpage 30) is a typical cycle diagram for 2x1combined cycle configuration.

Options are available to increase the plantoutput on hot days. An inlet air evaporatorcooler and/or supplemental HRSG firingcan be added to increase the plant output.The combined cycle 2x1 base and outputperformance (as shown on page 30)shows the typical base plant and typicalperformance enhanced plant data (includ-ing evaporative cooler and supplementalfiring options).

SCC6-5000F plant performance

28

Typical SCC6-5000F turnkey combined cycle plant performance

Plant designation SCC6-5000F 2x1 turnkey SCC6-5000F 1x1 turnkey

Cooling configuration Cooling tower Once through Air-cooled Cooling tower Once through Air-cooled

Net power (MW) 593.0 594.8 587.6 294.9 295.9 292.2

Net heat rate Btu/kWh (kJ/kWh) 5983/(6312) 5965/(6293) 6039/(6371) 6013/(6344) 5995/(6325) 6069/(6403)

Steam turbine back pressure in. Hg 1.58 1.00 2.48 1.58 1.00 2.48

Conditions: Elevation: sea level; compressor inlet temp.: 59°F, inlet and exhaust losses and auxiliary loads includes for net power.

Correction curves

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25

SCC6-5000F plant performance

29

Correction curves

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Fuel gas heater

Two SGT6-5000F gas turbines

SST-5000steam turbine

CondenserRotor air heat exchanger(Kettle boiler)

Two Heat RecoverySteam Generators (HRSGs)

HP steam to steam turbine

HRH steam to steam turbine

CRH steam to HRSG

LP induction steam to steam turbine

HP IP LP LP

SCC6-5000F plant performance

30

Figure 20 - Cycle diagram with drum-type boiler

Combined cycle 2x1 base and output enhanced performance

Operating conditions Base plant Plant with performance options

Evaporator cooler No Yes

Supplemental firing No Yes

Ambient temperature (°F/°C) 59/15 105°F

Relative humidity (%) 60 35

Barometric pressure (psia/bars) 14.69/1.033 14.69/1.033

Fuel Natural gas Natural gas

Fuel heating value (LHV) 21511 Btu/lb 20980 Btu/lb

Fuel heating value (LHV) 50034 kJ/kg 48800 kJ/kg

Fuel HHV/LHV ratio 1.1 1.1

Generator power factor 0.9 0.9

ST backpressure (in.-HgA/mbar) 1.5/50 3.19/108

ST throttle pressure (psia/bars) 1817/125 2277/157

ST throttle temperature (°F/°C) 1050/565 1050/565

ST reheat pressure (psia/bars) 351/24 442/30

ST reheat temperature (°F/°C) 1050/565 1050/565

Gross plant output (MW) 598 (1) 592.9 (2)

Net plant output (MW) 590 (1) 580.1 (2)

Net plant heat rate (btu/kWh) 5960 (1) 6227 (2)

Net plant efficiency (%) 57.2 (1) 54.8 (2)

(1) based on once through cooling (2) based on cooling tower

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The reliable SGT6-5000F gas turbinetechnology can be used in low-Btu fuel(syngas) applications, such as IntegratedGasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) andBitumen upgrader projects where syngasfuel is available.

The SGT6-5000F gas turbine has beenanalyzed for operation in syngas applica-tions. Few changes are needed whencompared to a natural gas fueled gasturbine. The major change is to a dualfuel (syngas and natural gas) combus-tion system specifically designed forIGCC and other syngas applications.Other changes include the addition of a fuel mixing skid, local N2 storage forpurging the fuel system during start upand shut down, control system changes,and additional monitoring systems need-ed due to the high H2 and CO fuel.

The modified combustion system wasdesigned to operate on either syngas ornatural gas or both. The syngas capabledesign is a diffusion combustor derivedfrom the proven DF42 combustion systemutilized on natural gas and distillate oil fueled SGT6-5000F engines and onsyngas/natural gas in two W501D5 gasturbines at the LGTI IGCC project from1987 to 1995. The fuel nozzle is designedto accommodate multi-fuel operation,diluent injection, fuel transfers and co-firing. The gas turbine combustor coverplates are modified for syngas operation.

Syngas is the primary fuel for IGCC applications. Natural gas is used for startup and as a backup fuel. During the startup process at 30% load, the gas turbineis transitioned to syngas and taken tobase load. The principal components ofthe syngas system are located outsidethe turbine enclosure.

After the syngas flows through the syngassaturator and heater in the BOP piping, itis blended with N2 (as a diluent) at theblending station and supplied to the inletof the syngas strainer. Exiting the syngasstrainer, the syngas is routed throughsimilar components as the natural gassystem including the overspeed trip,throttle, and isolation valves and into the syngas manifold.

Based on the proven SCC6-5000F 2x1combined cycle plant, a nominal 600 MWIGCC power island design has beendeveloped (as shown in Figure 21). Thisincludes a steam bottoming cycle that isfully integrated with the gasificationisland and a larger steam turbine to maximize plant output.

In addition to the power island Siemensequipment scope of supply may includemost of the major compression solutionsfor today’s IGCC plants, including air separation units, main air compressorsand O2, N2 and CO2 compression solu-tions. Depending on the needs of theIGCC project, Siemens can participate in a broader role in the project up to and including supplying the total plantas a member of an EPC Consortium.

The SPPA-T3000 control system normallysupplied with a SCC6-5000F 2x1 com-bined cycle plant can be expanded tocontrol the entire IGCC plant, includingthe gasification island(s), gas clean-upsystems and the air separation unit(s).

Integrated gasification combined cycle plant application

31

Local N2 Storage

Figure 21 - SGT6-PAC 5000F for syngas applications

Syngas Mixing Skid

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siemens.com/energy

Published by and copyright © 2008:Siemens AGEnergy SectorFreyeslebenstrasse 191058 Erlangen, Germany

Siemens Power Generation, Inc.4400 Alafaya TrailOrlando, FL 32826-2399, USA

Order No. E50001-W210-A104-V2-4A00Printed in USA1360, 806 COLMAM WS 0708.5

All rights reserved.Trademarks mentioned in this document are the property of Siemens AG, its affi liates, or their respective owners.

Subject to change without prior notice.The information in this document contains general descriptions of the technical options available, which may not apply in all cases. The required technical options should therefore be specifi ed in the contract.

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