Signaling for the Internet of Things

Michael Senn – Principal Technologist

Internet of Things – Examples

• The Connected Car

• Infotainment

• Predictive maintenance for manufactures

• Regular and on-demand data communication between cars and central data centers

• Mobile Health Care

• Continuous, remote diagnostic service

• Regular and on-demand data communication between cars and central data centers

• Reduction in hospitalization costs

• Smart Power Meters

• Periodic monitoring of power consumption

• Regular and on-demand data communication between cars and central data centers

• Optimized power supply and price plans

2

Internet of Things – Big Picture

• Exponential growth of smart devices covering

• Stationary

• Highly mobile

• High demand of Device-to-Server and Device-to-Device communication

• Reporting centrally

• Information sharing to users

• Strong requirement for devices with low power consumption

• Emerging new business models for vendors and service providers

3

What does it mean for Telcos

• Significant increase of subscriber base

• New service demands

• Explosion of associated signaling traffic

• Massive demand for cost-effective capacity expansion

• Deployment of extremely robust overlay networks

• Requirement to offer new and enhanced interfaces to 3rd party OSS and BSS

• Data Management and Analysis providing new customer experiences

• Lower ARPU per device

• Adds to Opex and Capex pressures

4

Internet of Things – Network ImpactsFunctional Analysis

HSS/HLR4G radio

2G radioMSC/VLR

MME

IuPS

A/IuCS

S1-MME

MTC-IWF AAA

T4

S6,Cx, Sh

S6a

Tsp

SCS

Tsp,T4,S6m

T5c

T5a

T5b

S6n

C, D, Gr, Gc

Gr, Gd

D, E

CAP

S6d

Gb/IuPS

IuCS

S/GiS5/S8

S1-U S11

Gc

S-GW

Gn/Gp, S4

S6b

SMSCGMSC

IW-MSCC, E, Gd

SGs

3G radio

PDN-GWGGSN

SGSN

Cx, Sh, Rx, Rf, Ro

PDNe.g. IMS

Sy, Gy, GzRf, Ro

STP

PCRF

Gx, Gy, Gz

Gx, Rx, Sy

DSC

Charging

Strong growth of subscriber base

using device-specific profiles

High

device

mobility

&

seamless

roaming

High device mobility

& seamless roaming

Smart device triggering

Traffic prioritization,

adaptive congestion control

Traffic prioritization,

adaptive congestion control

Internet of Things – Network ImpactsHow can TITAN help ?

4G radio

2G radio

MME

IuPS

A/IuCS

S1-MME

Gb/IuPS

IuCS

S/GiS5/S8

S1-U S11

S-GW

SGs

3G radio

PDNe.g. IMS

Gn/Gp, S4 PCRF

T4

S6a

TspT5c

T5a

T5b

Gr, Gd

D, E

CAP

S6d

GcS6b

C, E, Gd

Cx, Sh, Rx, Rf, Ro

Sy, Gy, GzRf, Ro

Gx, Gy, Gz

Gx, Rx, Sy

PDN-GWGGSN

TITAN

SMSCGMSC

IW-MSC

SCS

Charging

SGSN

MSC/VLR

Highly scalable, software-only platform

combining HSS, HLR, DSC, STP, AAA & MTC-IWF

Perfect fit for overlay networks

Robust & flexible traffic prioritization

and congestion control functions

Ready for the traffic explosion

Multi-protocol engine

SS7, Diameter & SIP

Any access supported

WLANLPWN Pre-standard signaling support for

un-licenced spectrum radio access

Complementary core network solution

Planning for Signaling Storms

• Manage Centrally Process Locally

7

‘Core of the Core’

perfect for initial deployments

4G radio

2G radio

3G radio

MME

MSC/VLR

SGSN

SMSCGMSC

IW-MSC

SCS

Charging

TITAN

‘Edge Computing’

manage the traffic explosion

4G radioLPWN

2G radio

3G radio

MME

MSC/VLR

SGSN

SMSCGMSC

IW-MSC

SCS

Charging

TITAN

TITAN

TITAN

Securing the IoT Network

• Avalanche of new devices accessing the network

• Not possible to certify all devices, all will not be well behaved

• Enforcing device profiles

• Smart meters should not be changing location

• eSIM impacts to the Authorization and Authentication procedures

• Handling of registration storms

• Gracefully handle high load signaling

• Traffic shaping

• Overload protection

• Profile fix up activities

• Protection of traffic going to devices

8

Operational Principles

• Scanning both in and outbound directions

• Copies of all messages can be recorded and forwarded

• Data analytics over messages for threat analysis, revenue assurance, etc.

• Corrective actions returned to the respective NetNumber Signaling Firewall

9

Diameter SS7

STP

SS7 FWDia FW

DSC

Analysis

!

Record

• Comprehensive firewall functions

• Distributed execution, geo-dispersed

• Operational consistency across firewalls

• Seamless support: COTS, NFV

Signaling Firewall on TITANCentral Control, Distributed Logic, Multi-Protocol

EPC,Non-3GPP

IWF

HLR

PacketCore

SS7/C7for CS & PS

IN-SCP

STP

CS/PLMN

firewall

HSS

DSC

AAA

O(F)CS

PCRF

EIR

DiameterLTE & WiFi

firewall

TITANMaster

firewallfirewall

Conclusions

• Billions of IoT devices has potential to be a signaling burden

• Signaling and security are actually related

• Addressed with new signaling architecture

• Virtualizes applications

• New signaling firewall into single platform

• Central manage local process

• No need to wait for 5G to start supporting IoT

• Platform can support IoT in 3G and 4G networks today

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