SINOPSIS

TUGAS AKHIR

PERIODE 139

Landasan Program Perencanaan dan Perancangan Arsitektur (LP3A)

TUGAS AKHIR

PERIODE 139

RIVERFRONT KALI SEMARANG

Dosen Pembimbing Utama:

Resza Riskiyanto, ST, MT

Dosen Pembimbing Kedua:

Ir. Wijayanti, MEng

Dosen Penguji:

Ir. Indriastjario, MEng

Dikerjakan Oleh:

Abyan Adam (21020113130083)

PROGRAM STUDI S1

DEPARTEMEN ARSITEKTUR FAKULTAS TEKNIK

UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO

2017

RIVERFRONT KALI SEMARANG Abyan Adam, Resza Riskiyanto, Wijayanti

ABSTRAK

Kali Semarang, merupakan sungai yang melewati berbagai kawasan serta area-area penting di Kota Semarang, pada jaman kolonialisme Belanda kali ini memiliki peranan penting sebagai media transportasi, pengangkut kebutuhan sehari-hari masyarakat Kota Semarang, dan jalur perdagangan keluar Kota Semarang.

Sepeninggal bangsa Belanda di Indonesia khususnya Semarang, serta dengan kemajuan teknologi dan transportasi, menjadikan hilangnya fungsi awal Kali Semarang sebagai media transportasi dan niaga. Kali Semarang yang merupakan saksi bisu sejarah perkembangan Kota Semarang, dimana Kali Semarang melewati Kawasan Pecinan, Kota Lama, Jembatan Berok, Sleko, Kampung Melayu, Boom Lama, dan kawasan lainya yang memiliki sejarah perkembangan Kota Semarang baik dari segi sosial, ekonomi, dan budaya. Kali Semarang memiliki sejarah sebagai sungai yang dapat dilayari, namun saat ini hanya menjadi bagian dari drainase kota.

Uraian di atas menjadi latar belakang munculnya gagasan bahwa Kali Semarang memiliki potensi untuk dijadikan sebagai tujuan wisata bersejarah yang mampu meningkatkan perkembangan ekonomi penduduk, dengan mengembalikan fungsi awal dari Kali Semarang sebagai sebuah kawasan riverfront diharapkan dapat bermanfaat sebagai bagian dari menghidupkan kembali Kali Semarang.

Kata kunci : Kali Semarang, riverfront, transportasi, wisata

ABSTRACT

Kali Semarang, is a river that passes through various areas and important areas in Semarang City, in the

era of Dutch colonialism, it has an important role as a medium of transportation, distribution route for daily

needs of Semarang city's residents, and the trade route of Semarang City.

After the Dutch leave Indonesia, especially in Semarang, and with advances in technology and

transportation, the loss of the initial function of Kali Semarang as a medium of transportation and commerce.

Kali Semarang is a silent witness to the development history of Semarang, where Kali Semarang passes

through Chinatown, Old Town, Berok Bridge, Sleko, Kampung Melayu, Boom Lama, and other areas that have

a history of Semarang City development in terms of social, economic and cultural. Kali Semarang has a history

as a navigable river, but is currently only part of the city's drainage.

The above description becomes the background of the idea that Kali Semarang has the potential to serve

as a historic tourist destination that can improve the economic development of the population, by restoring

the initial function of Kali Semarang as a riverfront area is expected to be useful as part of reviving Kali

Semarang.

Keyword: Kali Semarang, riverfront, transportation, tourism

KATA PENGANTAR

Puji dan syukur Saya ucapkan kepada Allah SWT karena karunia-Nya Laporan Perencanaan dan

Perancangan Arsitektur (LP3A) dengan judul Riverfront Kali Semarang untuk memenuhi tugas akhir ini

bisa terselesaikan. Tujuan penyusunan LP3A ini adalah untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat untuk

memperoleh gelar sarjana teknik di Departemen Arsitektur Fakultas Teknik Universitas Diponegoro.

Selama penyusunan LP3A ini banyak pihak yang memberikan dukungan. Dalam kesempatan

kali ini, penyusun ingin mengucapkan terimakasih kepada:

1. Allah SWT dengan nikmat dan izin-Nya penyusunan LP3A bisa

terselesaikan.

2. Orang tua yang selalu memberikan dukungan dan doanya.

3. Resza Riskiyanto, ST, MT selaku dosen pembimbing utama tugas akhir.

4. Ir. Wijayanti, MEng selaku dosen pembimbing kedua.

5. Ir. Indriastjario, MEng selaku dosen penguji.

6. Ir. B. Adji Murtomo, MSA, sebagai dosen pembimbing mata kuliah tugas akhir.

7. Ketua dan Sekretaris Departemen Arsitektur Undip serta Ketua dan

Sekretaris Prodi S1 Departemen Arsitektur Undip.

8. Teman-teman angkatan 2013 yang sama-sama berjuang selama kuliah di

DAFT.

9. Semua pihak yang telah banyak membantu selama pengerjaan LP3A ini.

Penyusun mengharapkan adanya saran yang membangun untuk memperbaiki dan

menyempurnakan LP3A ini. Semoga laporan ini bermanfaat bagi penyusun dan pihak-pihak yang

membaca laporan ini.

Semarang, 22 September 2017

Penyusun

DAFTAR ISI

KATA PENGANTAR.................................................................................................................................. vi

DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................................................................. vii

DAFTAR GAMBAR .................................................................................................................................... x

DAFTAR TABEL ...................................................................................................................................... xii

DAFTAR DIGRAM .................................................................................................................................. xiii

BAB I PENDAHULUAN .............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.1. Latar Belakang ............................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.2. Tujuan dan Sasaran ........................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.2.1. Tujuan .................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.2.2. Sasaran ................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.3. Manfaat ......................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.3.1. Manfaat Subyektif .................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.3.2. Manfaat Obyektif ................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.4. Ruang Lingkup ................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.4.1. Substansial ............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.4.2. Spasial .................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.5. Metode Pembahasan ..................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.5.1. Metode Deskriptif .................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.5.2. Metode Dokumentatif ........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.5.3. Metode Komparatif ................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.6. Sistematika pembahasan ............................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.7. Alur Pikir ........................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

BAB II TINJAUAN RIVERFRONT ................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.1. Pengertian Riverfront .................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2. Pengembangan Kawasan Tepi Air ................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2.1. Tipe Pengembangan Kawasan Tepi air .................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2.2. Fungsi Kawasan Tepi air ......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2.3. Indikator Elemen Pembentuk Riverfront ............................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.3. Kawasan Wisata Tepi Air ............................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.3.1. Pengertian Wisata .................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.3.2. Pengertian Wisata Air ............................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.4. Perancangan Kawasan Tepi Air Sungai .......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.5. Standar Pelayanan Penumpang Angkatan Laut ............................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

BAB III DATA ............................................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.1. Tinjauan Kali Semarang ................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.1.1. Tinjauan Fisik .......................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.1.2. Citra Kota pada Kali Semarang ............................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.1.3. Kawasan Strategis Kota Semarang ......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.2. Tinjauan Segmentasi Kali Semarang ............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.2.1. Kampung Layur ...................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.2.2. Kota Lama............................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.2.3. Pasar Johar ............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.2.4. Kampung Pecinan................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.3. Kebijakan Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah Semarang ...................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.4. Peraturan Daerah .......................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.5. Studi Banding ................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.5.1. Melacca Riverfront ................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.5.2. Chao Phraya Riverfront .......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.5.3. Rekapitulasi Hasil Studi Banding ............................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

BAB IV KESIMPULAN, BATASAN, DAN ANGGAPAN .................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.1. Kesimpulan .................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.2. Batasan .......................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.3. Anggapan ....................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

BAB V PENDEKATAN PERENCANAAN DAN PERANCANGAN .................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.1. Dasar Pendekatan .......................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.2. Pendekatan Aspek Fungsional ....................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.2.1. Pendekatan Pelaku Aktivitas .................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.2.2. Pendekatan Kelompok Kegiatan dan Kebutuhan Ruang ....... Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.2.3. Pendekatan Hubungan Kelompok Ruang .............................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.2.4. Pendekatan Sirkulasi .............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.2.5. Pendekatan Persyaratan Ruang ............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.2.6. Pendekatan Kapasitas Ruang ................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.2.7. Pendekatan Kapasitas Perahu Wisata .................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.2.8. Pendekatan Besaran Ruang ................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.3. Pendekatan Aspek Kontekstual ..................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.4. Pendekatan Aspek Kinerja ............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.4.1. Sistem Jaringan Air ................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.4.2. Sistem Penanggulangan Bahaya Kebakaran .......................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.4.3. Sistem Penghawaan ............................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.4.4. Sistem Pencahayaan .............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.4.5. Sistem Pendistribusian Listrik ................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.4.6. Sistem Penangkal Petir........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.5. Pendekatan Aspek Teknis .............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.5.1. Pola Landscape ....................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.5.2. Sistem Struktur....................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

BAB VI PROGRAM DASAR PERENCANAAN DAN PERANCANGAN ............ Error! Bookmark not defined.

6.1. Dasar Pendekatan .......................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

6.2. Program Dasar Perencanaan ......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

6.2.1. Program ruang ....................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

6.2.2. Aspek Kontekstual .................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

6.3. Program Dasar Perancangan ......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

6.3.1. Pendekatan Aspek Kinerja ..................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

6.3.2. Pendekatan Aspek Arsitektural .............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

6.3.3. Pendekatan Aspek Teknis ...................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 1 Venice Waterfront, Italia ......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 2 Memphis-Tennessee Riverfront Redevelopment ................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 3 Portland Waterfront Development ......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 4 Venesia Italia ........................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 5 Port Grimoud – Prancis ........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 6 Illustrasi ketentuan perancangan KTAS .................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 7 Foto satelit kawasan Kali Semarang dengan segmentasi terpilih .......... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

Gambar 8 Peta Kawasan Layur (1) ........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 9 Peta BWK III Kota Semarang ................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 10 Peta Kawasan Layur (2) ......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 11 Masjid Menara Kampung Layur ............................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 12 Peta Kawasan Kota Lama (1) ................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 13 Peta Kawasan Kota Lama (2) ................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 14 Bangunan PT. Perkebunan XV ............................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 15 Bantaran sungai pada Kawasan Kota Lama Semarang ......... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 16 . Peta Kawasan Pasar Johar (1) ............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 17 Peta Kawasan Pasar Johar (2) ............................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 18 Kios sementara pedagang Pasar Johar .................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 19 Jembatan Kali Semarang pada area Pasar Johar ................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 20 Peta Kawasan Kampung Pecinan (1) ..................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 21 Peta BWK I Kota Semarang ................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 22 Peta Kawasan Kampung Pecinan (2) ..................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 23 Klenteng Tay Kak Sie, yang terletak pada bantaran Kali Semarang ..... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

Gambar 24 Unsur budaya Tionghoa yang tergambar pada pembatas sungai Kali Semarang ........ Error!

Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 25 Pembagian BWK Kota Semarang .......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 26 Peta Kawasan Melacca Riverfront ........................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 27 Layout Plan Kawasan Melacca Riverfront ............................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 28 Fasilitas taman ...................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 29 Pusat jajanan dan toko souvenir ........................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 30 Area bantaran sungai ............................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 31 Fasilitas perahu sungai .......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 32 Area dermaga ........................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 33 Fasilitas masjid ...................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 34 Fasilitas pusat jajanan ........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 35 Area bantaran sungai ............................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 36 Peta Kawasan Chao Phraya Riverfront .................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 37 Fasilitas yang berada pada Asiatique Riverfront, Chao Phraya River .. Error! Bookmark not

defined.

Gambar 38 Fasilitas perahu wisata .......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 39 Fasilitas dermaga yang menjadi satu dengan pusat oleh-oleh ............ Error! Bookmark not

defined.

Gambar 40 Fasilitas dermaga................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 41 Fasilitas perahu wisata .......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 42 Rute dan Jadwal Perjalanan Chao Phraya Express Boat ....... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 43 Rencana rute perahu wisata pada Kawasan Riverfront Kali Semarang .... Error! Bookmark

not defined.

Gambar 44 Rencana titik dermaga pada Kawasan Riverfront Kali Semarang ........ Error! Bookmark not

defined.

Gambar 45 Rencana perahu wisata pada fasilitas Riverfront Kali Semarang ......... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

Gambar 46 Foto satelit kawasan Kali Semarang ...................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 47 Tapak Rencana ...................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 48 Masteplan Riverfront Kali Semarang .................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 1. Indikator Elemen pada Konteks Sungai ...................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 2. Indikator Elemen pada Konteks Perkotaan ................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 3 Orientasi perancangan kota ........................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 4 Standar pelayanan penumpang angkatan laut ........................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 5 Elemen-elemen pembentuk citra kota pada Kali Semarang ....... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 6 Rekapitulasi hasil studi banding .................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 7 Data Kunjungan Wisatawan Kota Semarang ............................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 8 Perhitungan jumlah wisatawan Kota Semarang ......................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 9 Data Objek Wisata Kota Semarang ............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 10 Tabel rencana jadwal fasilitas perahu wisata ........................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 11. Klasifikasi ruang ........................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 12. Kebutuhan ruang Bangunan penerima .................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 13. Kebutuhan ruang Galeri ........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 14 Kebutuhan Dermaga ................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 15 Kebutuhan taman ...................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 16 Kebutuhan open theater ........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 17 Toilet Pengunjung ..................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 18 Kebutuhan ruang Pengelola ...................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 19 Kebutuhan Ruang ME ................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 20 Kebutuhan parkir ....................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 21 Kebutuhan plaza ........................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 22 Kebutuhan Dermaga ................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 23 Kebutuhan ruang Gardu Pandang ............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 24 Kebutuhan Seating Group ......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 25 Kebutuhan Dermaga ................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 26 Kebutuhan Area berjualan di bantaran sungai ......................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 27 Kebutuhan Dermaga ................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 28 Kebutuhan Area kuliner di bantaran sungai ............................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 29 Program Ruang .......................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 30 Aspek Kinerja ............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 31 Aspek Arsitektural ..................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 32 Aspek Teknis .............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

DAFTAR DIGRAM

diagram 1 Alur pikir .................................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

diagram 2 Hubungan kelompok ruang .................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

diagram 3 Alur sirkulasi pengunjung........................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

diagram 4 Alur sirkulasi pengelola ........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.