SM Course Handout 2014-15

KL UniversityVaddeswaram, 522502

B.Tech III semester – 2014 - 15Course Handout

Date: 02-07-2014

1. Course Name : STRENGTH OF MATERIALS 2. Course Code : 13ME2053. Course Coordinator : G.DURGA PRASAD4. Course Structure : 3-0-25. Credits : 46. Team Members : Sri DVA Rama Sastry,

Sri MBS Sreekara Reddy, Smt P Bharathi, Sri K Someswara Rao. 7. Course Context and Overview

This course is offered in the third semester of B.Tech. Mechanical Engineering Program. This course constitutes of a transition from fundamental mathematical and science topics to specific applications within the context of structural mechanics and engineering. It provides the foundation for advanced design and structural analysis courses.This course develops the concepts of Various Stresses and Strains, shearing forces and bending moments for design analysis. Material behavior is accounted for in the constitutive modeling of solids by generalized Hooke's law. Linear elasticity is developed and applied to beams. The course further covers Simple stresses and strain, torsion and their analysis, Deflection of beams, Columns with various support conditions and thin pressure vessels.When a bar carries axial forces, normal stresses and strains will develop. The first chapter of this course introduces about normal stresses and strains, Hooke’s law, temperature stresses and strains.When a bar carries twisting load, torsion will develop. The Second chapter of this course covers about torsional stresses and strains and their analysis

When a bar carries lateral forces, two important types of loading action are set up at any section: these are a shearing force and a bending moment. The next chapter of this course covers the process of estimating the distribution of shear force and bending moments along the length for various types of beams that are statically determinate.

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The next chapter discusses the ways of estimating the stresses and strains due to these shearing forces and bending moments.In most practical cases, it is necessary that a beam should be not only strong enough for its purpose, but also that it should have the requisite stiffness that is; it should not deflect from its original position by more than a certain amount. In the third chapter of this course, various methods of finding the deflected form of a beam under a given system of external loads and having known conditions of support will be discussed.In certain types of problems, and especially those involving compressive stresses, a structural member may develop relatively large distortions under certain critical loading conditions. Such structural members are said to buckle, or become unstable, at these critical loads. In the fourth chapter of this course, the buckling of a slender column under an axial compressive load will be discussed.The internal pressure acting on the long sides of the cylinder gives rise to a circumferential stress in the wall of the cylinder; if the ends of the cylinder are closed, the pressure acting on these ends is transmitted to the walls of the cylinder, thus producing a longitudinal stress in the walls. In the fifth chapter, analysis of cylinders and shells for estimation of hoop and longitudinal stresses will be dealt.In the last chapter, Further this course is dealt as project based course. A laboratory (project based laboratory) component was included to give hands on practice.By the end of the course each group of students need to submit a report on the project carried out on their topic of interest.

8. Course Objective: “To provide basic knowledge in mechanics of materials so that the students

can solve real engineering problems and the student will be able to pre-design different types of elements, for mechanical components, structures and

machines”

9. Program Outcomes

Program Outcome1. Graduates will demonstrate basic knowledge in mathematics, science and

engineering.Selected (3)2. Graduates will demonstrate the ability to design and conduct experiments,

interpret and analyze data, and report results.

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Selected (2)3. Graduates will demonstrate the ability to design mechanical systems or a process

that meets desired specifications and requirements.Selected(1)4. Graduates will demonstrate the ability to function on engineering and science

laboratory teams, as well as on multidisciplinary design teams.Selected (2) 5. Graduates will demonstrate the ability to identify, formulate and solve mechanical

engineering problems.Selected (2)6. Graduates will demonstrate an understanding of their professional and ethical

responsibilities.Not Selected7. Graduates will be able to communicate effectively in both verbal and written

forms.Selected (1)8. Graduates will have the confidence to apply engineering solutions in global and

societal contexts.Not Selected

9. Graduates should be capable of self-education and clearly understand the value of lifelong learning

Selected (1)10. Graduates will be broadly educated and will have an understanding of the impact

of engineering on society and demonstrate awareness of contemporary issues.Not Selected11. Graduates will be familiar with modern engineering software tools and equipment

to analyze mechanical engineering problems.Selected (1)12. Recognize the need for, and have the ability to engage in independent and life-

long learning.Selected (1)

10. Cognitive Levels associated with the course

SNo Cognitive Level

Selected/ Not-

Selected

Explanation for selection and non-selection based on the nature of the course and instructor’s

preferences1. Remember Selected Remembering knowledge is essential for meaningful

learning and for solving problems.2. Understand Selected Understanding knowledge is essential.

3 Apply Selected It is essential to solve various problems.

4. Analyze Selected It is essential to analyze various types of stresses and strains in various types of mechanical elements viz; Beams, Columns and Pressure vessels.

5. Evaluate Selected Evaluation of various stresses and strains in various elements.

6. Create Selected Design of Beams, pressure vessels

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11. Categories of Knowledge associated with Engineering courses

SNo Knowledge Category

Selected/ Not-Selected

Explanation for selection and non-selection based on the nature of the course and instructor’s preferences

1. Factual Selected It is essential to know the principles of solids.

2. Conceptual Selected It is essential to know the behavior of solids.

3 Procedural Selected For solving different problems and to derive certain fundamental equations.

4. Fundamental Design Concepts

selected Specific design principles are applied

5. Criteria and Specifications

Selected As analysis and design of mechanical involves a fixing of criteria and specification

6.Practical Constraints

Selected Analysis and design of mechanical components are considered as practical constraints.

7. Design Instrumentalities

Selected Involves design of mechanical components

8. Metacognitive Not selected

Not applicable

12. Course Outcomes / Competencies:

At the end of the course the student should be able to

Course Outcome / Competency POs - levels Cognitive Level

C 1

Understand the concepts of stress and strain at a point as well as the stress-strain relationships for homogenous, isotropic materials.

PO1-3 Understand

C 2Apply the concepts of stresses and strains for axially-loaded members, circular torsion members, and members subject to flexural loadings.

PO1-3,5-1 Apply

C 3Determine and illustrate principal stresses, maximum shearing stress of two dimensional loaded structural members

PO1-3,5-1 Apply

C 4 Analysis of columns PO4-1, PO5-1 Analyze

C 5 Evaluate shear force and bending moments using diagrams.

PO1-3, PO5-1, PO7-1 Evaluate

C 6 Evaluate the deflection of beams using PO2-2, PO5-1 Evaluate

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various methods

C 7 Design of Beam with different Cross Sections

PO3-1, PO4-1, PO5-1, PO7-1, P11-1, P12-1

Create

C 8 Design of thin-wall spherical and cylindrical pressure vessels.

PO3-1, PO4-1, PO5-1, PO7-1, P12-1

Create

13. Taxonomy Table: Selected Cognitive Level – Knowledge Matrix. Knowledge Categories Cognitive Levels

Remember Understand Apply Analyze Evaluate Create

Factual

Conceptual

Procedural

Articulated and rigid vehicles

Criteria and Specifications

Practical Constraints

Design Instrumentalities X

Metacognitive X X X X X X

14. Competencies in Taxonomy Table: Selected Cognitive Level – Knowledge Matrix

Knowledge Categories

Cognitive Levels

Remember

Understand

Apply Analyze Evaluate Create

Factual x x x x x x

Conceptual x C1 x x x x

Procedural x x C2,C3 x C5 x

Fundamental Design Concepts

x x X C4 C6 x

Criteria and Specifications

x x x x x x

Practical Constraints

x x x x x x

Design Instrumentalities

x x x x x C7, C8

Metacognitive x x x x x x

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15. Sub-Competencies

Competency POs-Levels

C1 Understand the concepts of stress and strain at a point as well as the stress-strain relationships for homogenous, isotropic materials.

PO 1-3

Sub-competencies Cognitive Level

Knowledge Category

C1.1 Understand stress and strain at a point Understand Conceptual

C1.2 Understand stress- strain relationship Understand Conceptual

Taxonomy Table for Sub-competencies


Cognitive Levels


Factual x x x x x x

Conceptual x C1, C1.1, C1.2

x x x x

Procedural x x x x x x

Competency POs-LevelsC2 Apply the concepts of stresses and strains for

axially-loaded members, circular torsion members, and members subject to flexural loadings.

PO 1-2,5-1


Knowledge Category

C2.1 Determine strains and stresses for axially-loaded members

Apply Procedural

C2.2 Determine strains and stresses for circular torsion members

Apply Procedural

C2.3 Determine strains and stresses for members subject to flexural loadings

Apply Procedural



Cognitive LevelsRemember Understand Apply Analyze Evaluate Create

Factual x x x x x x

Conceptual x x x x x x

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Proceduralx x C2, C2.1,

C2.2,C2.3x x x


C3 Determine and illustrate principal stresses, maximum shearing stress of two dimensional loaded structural members

PO1-3,5-1


Knowledge Category

C3.1 Understand the concepts of plane stress and strains

Understand Conceptual

C3.2 Understand the concepts of principal stress and maximum shear stress


C3.3 Apply Mohr’s circle for Transformation of stress and strain at a point

Apply Procedural

C3.4 Apply Mohr’s circle for calculating principal stress and maximum shear stress

Apply Procedural



Cognitive Levels


Factual x x x

Conceptual C3.1, C3.2 x x x

Procedural C3, C3.3, C3.4

x X


C4 Analysis of columns PO4-1, PO5-1Sub-competencies Cognitive

LevelKnowledge Category

C4.1 Understand the concepts of Buckling and Stability Understand Conceptual

C4.2 Analyze axially loaded columns with various boundary conditions

Analyze Fundamental Design Concepts

C4.3 Analyze eccentrically loaded columns Analyze Fundamental Design Concepts


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Cognitive Levels


Factual x x x x x X

Conceptual x C4.1 x x x X

Procedural x x x x x X


x x xC4, C4.2,

C4.3 x x


C5 Evaluate shear force and bending moments using diagrams. PO1-3, PO5-1, PO7-1


Knowledge Category

C5.1 Understand the concepts of shear force and bending moments


C5.2 Calculate the values of shear force and bending moments at different points along the axis of beam

Analyze Procedural

C5.3 Evaluate shear force and bending moments using diagrams

Analyze Procedural



Cognitive Levels


Factual x x x x x x

Conceptual x C5.1 x x x x

Procedural x x x C5, C5.2, C5.3

x X


C6 Evaluate the deflection of beams using various methods PO2-2, PO5-1

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Knowledge Category

C6.1 Understand the different methods which are used to find deflections of beams

Understand Fundamental Design Concepts

C6.2 Apply different methods to find deflection and slopes of beams

Apply Procedural

C6.3 Evaluate the various deflections calculated from the different beams with different loading conditions

Evaluate Fundamental Design Concepts



Cognitive Levels


Factual x x x

Conceptual C6.1 x x x

Procedural C6.2 x x X


C6 ,C6.3


C7 Design of Beam with different Cross Sections PO3-1, PO4-1, PO5-1, PO7-1, PO11-1, PO12-1


Knowledge Category

C7.1 Understand the concept of stress and strains in beams


C7.2 Apply the Concept to Calculate Bending Stress Apply Conceptual

C7.3 Apply the Concept to Calculate Shear Stress Apply Conceptual

C7.4 Evaluate Bending & Shear Stresses for different types of Cross Sections

Evaluate Procedural

C7.5 Evaluate stresses and strains in beams Evaluate Fundamental Design Concepts

C7.6 Design of Beam with different Cross Sections Create Design Instrumental


Knowledge Cognitive Levels


9

CategoriesFactual x x x x x xConceptual C7.1 x x xProcedural C7.2,

C7.3x X


C7.4, C7.5


C7, C7.6


C8 Design of thin-wall spherical and cylindrical pressure vessels.

PO3-1, PO4-1, PO5-1, PO7-1, P12-1


Knowledge Category

C8.1 Understand the concept of pressure vessels Understand Conceptual

C8.2 Design the Pressure Vessels Create Design Instrumentalities



Cognitive Levels


Factual x x x x x x

Conceptual x C8.1 x x x x

Procedural x x x x x X


x x x x x C8,C8.1

16. Course Outcome / Competency – Program Outcome Matrix

Course Outcome /Competencies

Program Outcomes1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Understand the concepts of stress and strain at a point as well as the stress-strain relationships for homogenous, isotropic materials.

3

Apply the concepts of stresses and strains for axially-loaded members,

3 1

10

circular torsion members, and members subject to flexural loadings.Determine and illustrate principal stresses, maximum shearing stress of two dimensional loaded structural members

3 1

Analysis of columns 1 1Evaluate shear force and bending moments using diagrams.

3 1 1

Evaluate the deflection of beams using various methods

2 1

Design of Beam with different Cross Sections 1 1 1 1 1 1

Design of thin-wall spherical and cylindrical pressure vessels.

1 1 1 1 1

17. Syllabus: STRENGTH OF MATERIALS

COURSE CODE: 13ME205 L – T – P 3 – 0 – 2

Simple Stresses and Strains: Introduction, Types of stress, stress strain diagram, Hooke’s law, types of strains. Axially loaded members: Deflection of an axially loaded member, statically indeterminate structures (Stiffness method), Temperature effects. Analysis of Stress and Strain: Introduction, plane stress and strains, principle stress and maximum shear stress, Mohr’s circle for plane stress. Torsion: Introduction, Torsion of a circular bar, Non uniform torsion, Transmission of power by circular shafts, Strain energy in pure shear and torsion. Shearing Forces and Bending Moments: Types of Beams, shear force and bending moment, relationship between load, shear force and bending moment, Shear force and bending moment diagrams.Stresses in Beams: Introduction, Normal strains in beams, normal stresses in beams, cross section shapes of beams, shear stresses in rectangular beams, shear stresses in the webs of beams with flanges. Deflection of beams: Introduction, Deferential equations of the deflection curve, deflections by integration of the bending moment equation, Moment area method, Macaulay’s Method. Columns : Buckling and Stability, Columns with Pinned ends, Columns with other support conditions, Limitations of Euler’s Formula, Rankine’s Formula, Columns with eccentric Axial Loads, Secant formula. Thin pressure vessels: Concepts of hoop and longitudinal stresses, Simple problems for cylinders and shells.

Text Books:1. “Mechanics of Materials” by Gere & Timoshenko, CBS publishers

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2. “Mechanics of Materials”, SI Version by Beer P F and Johnson (Jr) E R, McGraw Hill, NY.

Reference books:1. “Strength of Materials” by Pytel A H and Singer F L, Harper Collins, New

Delhi.2. “Engineering Mechanics of Solids” SI Version, by Popov E P, Prentice Hall,

New Delhi.3. “Elements of Strength of Materials” by Timoshenko S P and Young D H,

East West Press,New Delhi.4. “Introduction to Solid Mechanics” by Shames, I. H., Pitarresi, J. M.,

Prentice-Hall, NJ. 5. “Strength of Materials” by S.S.Rattan. Tata McGraw Hill,

18.Lecture Plan

Lecture No

Topic of the course to be covered

Faculty Approach

Student Pre-

Requisite

Cognitive Level

expected

Active-Learning Module / Problem

1 Introduction to the course Explanation

Overview of Engineering mechanics

Understand and

AnalyzeQuestionaire

2 Introduction to Simple stresses and strains, Explanation

Overview of Engineering mechanics

Understand Questionaire

3 Types of stress ExplanationOverview of Engineering mechanics


4Stress- strain diagram, Hooke’s law, types of strains

Facilitating

Simple stresses

and strains, Mechanical properties

of materials

Understand and

AnalyzeProblem solving

5 Deflection of an axially loaded member Facilitating

Simple stresses

and strains

Apply Problem solving

6statically indeterminate structures (Stiffness method)

FacilitatingSimple

stresses and

strainsApply Problem

solving

7statically indeterminate structures (Stiffness method)

FacilitatingSimple

stresses and


solving

8 Temperature effects FacilitatingSimple

stresses and


solving

9 Temperature effects FacilitatingSimple

stresses and


solving

10Analysis of Stress and Strain: Introduction

ExplanationStress- strain

relationsUnderstand Questionaire

12

11 plane stress and strains ExplanationStress- strain

relationsUnderstand Questionaire

12 Principal stress and maximum shear stress Facilitating

Stress- strain

relationsApply Problem

solving

13 Principal stress and maximum shear stress Facilitating

Stress- strain


solving

14 Mohr’s circle for plane stress. Facilitating

Stress- strain


solving

15 Mohr’s circle for plane stress. Facilitating

Stress- strain


solving

16 Torsion: Introduction ExplanationSimple

stresses and

strainsUnderstand Questionaire

17 Torsion of a circular bar ExplanationSimple

stresses and

strainsUnderstand Questionaire

18 Non uniform torsion FacilitatingSimple

stresses and


solving

19 Transmission of power by circular shafts Facilitating

Simple stresses

and strains


20 Strain energy in pure shear and torsion Facilitating

Simple stresses

and strains


21 Types of Beams ExplanationTypes of supports, reactions


22 shear force and bending moment Facilitating Types of

supports Apply Problem solving

23 shear force and bending moment Facilitating Types of

supports Apply Problem solving

24Shear force and bending moment diagrams

Facilitatingshear

force and bending moment



Facilitatingshear




Facilitatingshear



27 Stresses in Beams: Introduction Explanation

Shear force and bending moment diagrams


28 Normal strains in beams Explanation Shear force and


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bending moment diagrams

29normal stresses in beams, cross section shapes of beams

Explanation



30 shear stresses in rectangular beams Facilitating



31shear stresses in the webs of beams with flanges

Facilitating



32 Deflection of beams: Introduction Explanation

shear force and bending moment


33 Deferential equations of the deflection curve, Explanation

shear force and bending moment


34deflections by integration of the bending moment equation

Facilitatingshear



35deflections by integration of the bending moment equation

Facilitatingshear



36 Moment area method Facilitatingshear



37 Macaulay’s Method Facilitatingshear



38 Macaulay’s Method Facilitatingshear



39Buckling and Stability, Columns with Pinned ends

ExplanationTypes of supports, reactions


40 Columns with other support conditions Facilitating

Basics of column analysis


41 Limitations of Euler’s Formula, Explanation

Basics of column analysis


42 Rankine’s Formula FacilitatingBasics of column analysis


43Columns with eccentric Axial Loads, Secant formula

FacilitatingBasics of column analysis


44 Thin pressure Explanation Simple Understand Questionaire

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vessels: Concepts of hoop and longitudinal stresses

stresses and strains

45 Simple problems for cylinders and shells Facilitating

Simple stresses

and strainsApply Problem

solving

19. Evaluation scheme:

Comprehensive Theory Examination: 60MarksInternal Theory Examination: 40Marks

Nature of Examination

Marks %

Type of examination and mode of assessment

Scheme of examination

Theory

60Semester End examination

(external evaluation)

This examination question paper in theory subjects will be for a maximum of 60 marks

40

30Test – 1

Best three out of four will be considered

Test – 2Test – 3Test – 4

5Quiz (if any)

Home assignments

Technical (or) GeneralIndividual centric (or) Group Centric

5 Attendance/ Class notes

5 marks are allotted for attendance and class notes

LAB Evaluation Scheme:EC No Evaluation Component Duration Weightage Date

1 Test – 1 & 2 1 ½ hours each 20%2 Daily Viva Voce 15%3 Attendance 5%4 Comprehensive

test3 hours 60%

Attendance Weightage -5 Marks:Attendance will be considered for 5 marks. The demarcation is as follows:

95% and above: 5 marks90% and above: 4 marks85% and above: 3 marks80% and above: 2 marks

75% and above: 1 mark.

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20. Chamber consultation hours: Will be informed by concerned faculty in class.

21. Notices: All notices will be displayed on e-learning website or Departmental notice board.

22. Signature of the Course Coordinator :

23. Signature of the Group Head :

24. Academic Coordinator :

25. Head of the Department :

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Documents

SM Course Handout 2014-15