17
Soil Physics with HYDRUS: Chapter 1 Equations, Tables, and Figures

Soil Physics with HYDRUS: Chapter 1 Equations, Tables, and Figures

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Soil Physics with HYDRUS: Chapter 1 Equations, Tables, and Figures

Soil Physics with HYDRUS: Chapter 1

Equations, Tables, and Figures

Page 2: Soil Physics with HYDRUS: Chapter 1 Equations, Tables, and Figures

1.1 – 1.5

v v v vg l s

1 av

vs

av

vg

v

vl

a

Page 3: Soil Physics with HYDRUS: Chapter 1 Equations, Tables, and Figures

1.6 – 1.10

m m m mg l s

ss

s

m

v

bsm

v

1 b

s

2( )

18s w d gV

Page 4: Soil Physics with HYDRUS: Chapter 1 Equations, Tables, and Figures

1.11 – 1.13

gd

ht

ws2)(

18

s

s

m

as

sCEC

Page 5: Soil Physics with HYDRUS: Chapter 1 Equations, Tables, and Figures

TABLE 1.1Approximate charge characteristics of soil colloids (Brady and Weil, 2008)

Colloid Type CEC AECcmolc kg-1 cmolc kg-1

Organic matter 200 0Smectite 100 0Vermiculite 150 0Fine-grained micas 30 0Chlorite 30 0Kaolinite 8 2Aluminum oxide 4 5Iron oxide 4 5Allophane 30 15

Page 6: Soil Physics with HYDRUS: Chapter 1 Equations, Tables, and Figures

TABLE 1.2Specific surface area range for selected colloids (Skopp, 2000)

Colloid sm2 g-1

Kaolinite 15-20Illite 80-100Bentonite 115-260Montmorillonite 280-500Crystalline iron oxides 116-184Amorphous iron oxides 305-412Organic matter 560-800

TABLE 1.3Specific surface area for bulk soils (Skopp, 2000)

Soil Textural Class sm2 g-1

Sands <10loams and silt loams 5-20Clay loams 15-40Clays >25

Page 7: Soil Physics with HYDRUS: Chapter 1 Equations, Tables, and Figures

TABLE 1.4Size classes of soil structure (Soil Survey Manual, 2008)

Size Class Platy† Prismatic or Columnar

Blocky Granular

Mm Mm Mm mmVery fine <1 <10 <5 <1Fine 1-2 10-20 5-10 1-2Medium 2-5 20-50 10-20 2-5Coarse 5-10 50-100 20-50 5-10Very Coarse >10 >100 >50 >10

Page 8: Soil Physics with HYDRUS: Chapter 1 Equations, Tables, and Figures

TABLE 1.5

Cecil soil series description (plot 4 from Bruce et al., 1983)

Horizon Depth Textural Class Structure Colorcm

Ap 0-21 Loamy sand Weak, medium granular

Brown

BA 21-26 Clay loam Weak, medium,

subangular blocky

Red

Bt1 26-102 Clay Strong, medium,

subangular blocky

Red with few strong brown mottles

Bt2 102-131 Clay Strong, medium,

subangular blocky

Red

BC 131-160 Clay loam Weak, medium,

subangular blocky

Red

C 251+ Sandy clay loam Massive Red with light red and weak red mottles

Page 9: Soil Physics with HYDRUS: Chapter 1 Equations, Tables, and Figures

Figure 1.1 The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and International Soil Science

Society (ISSS) classification systems for soil particle size fractions (Hillel, 2004).

Page 10: Soil Physics with HYDRUS: Chapter 1 Equations, Tables, and Figures

Figure1.2 Textural triangle, showing the percentages of clay (< 0.002 mm), silt (0.002-0.05 mm), and

sand (0.05-2.0 mm) in the conventional soil textural classes (Hillel, 2004)

Page 11: Soil Physics with HYDRUS: Chapter 1 Equations, Tables, and Figures

Figure 1.3 Particle size distribution of a clay, loam, well-graded sand, and poorly-graded sand (Hillel,

2004).

Page 12: Soil Physics with HYDRUS: Chapter 1 Equations, Tables, and Figures

Figure 1.4 A soil aggregate broken open along a failure zone.

Page 13: Soil Physics with HYDRUS: Chapter 1 Equations, Tables, and Figures

Figure 1.5 Strong, thin, platy structure (Soil Survey Division Staff, 1993).

Page 14: Soil Physics with HYDRUS: Chapter 1 Equations, Tables, and Figures

Figure 1.6 Strong, medium, prismatic structure (Soil Survey Division Staff, 1993).

Page 15: Soil Physics with HYDRUS: Chapter 1 Equations, Tables, and Figures

Figure 1.7 Strong, medium, coarse angular blocky structure (Soil Survey Division Staff, 1993).

Page 16: Soil Physics with HYDRUS: Chapter 1 Equations, Tables, and Figures

Figure 1.8 Strong, fine, medium granular structure (Soil Survey Division Staff, 1993).

Page 17: Soil Physics with HYDRUS: Chapter 1 Equations, Tables, and Figures

Figure 1.9 Nashville silt loam soil profile (Soil Survey Division Staff, 1993).