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Stalin
Soviet UnionCHY4U
Joseph Stalin
PBS, World War II Behind Closed Doors, Joseph Stalin, N.d., http://www.pbs.org/behindcloseddoors/biographies/stalin.html (May 27, 2013).
Collectivization
• Agricultural Policy– Peasants– Kulaks (‘rich’ peasants)– Kolkhoz
Russiapedia, Kolkhoz, 2005-2011, http://russiapedia.rt.com/of-russian-origin/kolkhoz/ (May 27, 2013).
Happy collective farmers, according to Soviet art, 1930
Collective farmers picking tomatoes outside Moscow.
Yale University, Annals of Communism, Stalinism as a Way of Life: A Narrative in Documents, N.d., http://www.yale.edu/annals/siegelbaum/images/siegelbaum_photos.htm (May 27, 2013).
Ibid.
Soviet Poster: Off to Collective Work.
Banners say: "We will liquidate the kulaks as a class" and "All to the struggle against the wreckers of agriculture."
Ibid.
Holodomor
• Ukrainian famine• Stalin raised the amount ofgrain the Ukraine was supposed to supply to the state by 44%
5-10 million dead
Ukrainian Genocide poster.
Ukrainian Genocide Famine Foundation, 75th Anniversary of the Ukrainian Genocide Online Exhibition, 2008, http://www.ukrainiangenocide.org/75th_Exhibit_Page_0.html (May 27, 2013).
Industrialization
• 5-Year Plans– Heavy industry– Central planning = commandeconomy
Soviet poster against the old life of laziness.
Ibid.
Stakhanovites in Moscow, winners of industrial competition with their motor cycle prize.Ibid.
Woman industrial worker.
Gulag
• Main Directorate for Corrective Labour Camps• NKVD (People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs)
• Manual labour• Prisoners:
– Criminals– Public and religious dissenters
Remnants of buildings at Salekhard Igarka Railway in Siberia.
“Russian Prison Officials Under Fire for Gulag Celebration,” The Telegraph, Feb. 5, 2013, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/russia/9850949/Russian-prison-officials-under-fire-for-gulag-celebration.html (May 27, 2013).
Gulag: Soviet Forced Labour Camps and the Struggle for Freedom, 2006-2013, http://gulaghistory.org/nps/onlineexhibit/stalin/work.php (May 27, 2013).
Gold miners at Kolyma in Siberia, 1934.
Ibid.
Building the White Sea-Baltic Canal by hand, 1932.
Great Purges
Stalin supposedly signing a death warrant at the 1936 trial
Douglas O. Linder, The Moscow Purge Trials (1936-38): Selected Links and Bibliography, N.d., http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/moscowpurge/moscowlinks.html (May 27, 2013).