No motor or sensory function is preserved in the sacral segments S4-S5.A= Complete:Sensory but not motor function is preserved below the neurological level andB=Incomplete:includes the sacral segments S4-S5.Motor function is preserved below the neurological level, and more than half ofC=Incomplete:the key muscles below the neurological level have a muscle grade less than 3.Motor function is preserved below the neurological level, and a least half of theD=Incomplete:key muscles below the neurological level have a muscle grade of 3 or more.Motor and sensory function is normal.E=Normal:

STANDARD NEUROLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF SPINAL CORD INJURY

CLINICAL SYNDROMES-Central Cord Brown-Sequard Anterior Cord Conus Medullaris Cauda Equina

ASIA IMPAIRMENT SCALE

By American Spinal Injury Association

EVALUATION(motor and sensory)

C2, C3, C4C5C6C7C8L2L3L4L5S1

S2, S3, S4

DiaphragmElbow flexorsWrist extensorsElbow extensorsFinger flexorsHip flexorsKnee FlexorsAnkle dorsiflexorsLong toe extensorsAnkle plantar flexorsAnal sphincter

S1 S1

S2

S1 S1

S3 S4-5

S2

T8

T3

L5

L4

L3

L2

C6

C8C8

C6

C7C7

C5 C5

L5

L5L4L3L2L1

T12T11T10

T9

T7T6

T5

T4

T2T1C8C7C6

C5

C4

C3

C2

S1 S1

S3

S2

S1

L5

L4 L4

L3L3

L2

L1 L1

T12

T11

T10

T9

T8

T7

T6

T5

T4

T3T2

C4C4 C3

C2

C6

C7C7

C8C8

C6

C5C5

T1 T1

T2

L2

L5

C2

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Head and NeckDiaphramDeltoids, BicepsWrist ExtendersTricepsHand

Chest Muscles

Abdominal Muscles

Leg Muscles

Bowel, Bladder

Sexual Function

CERVICAL NERVES C1 - C8

THORACIC NERVES T1 - T12

LUMBAR NERVES L1 - L5

SACRAL NERVES S1- S5

Important Considerations

in Early Medical Management of Spinal Cord Injury,

(suggestions include, but not limited to):

(Courtesy of PVA)

1. Keeping skin healthy in order to prevent breakdown

Evaluate for proper equipment, padding, positioning,

transfers and weight shifts.

2. Ensuring proper bowel management by initiating

scheduled bowel regimen.

3. Proper bladder assessment and care in order to

determine best method of bladder management.

4. Awareness of possible Autonomic Dysreflexia (AD)

for patients with injuries above T6. Symptoms include

but not limited to high blood pressure, low pulse,

headache, etc. (Medical Emergency-seek help

immediately)

5. Early referral to specialized rehabilitation.

For more information:

Craig Hospital Nurse Advice Line

1-800-247-0257