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8/2/2019 Stargazing Live Activity Cards
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1 Open the cereal box at thetop and stick the white card
to the inside at the bottom.This will be the viewing area.
2 Remove the two small tabsat the top of the box and cut4cm from each end of thetwo larger flaps.
3 Fold the remaining flapstogether and stick with tape,leaving two rectangularholes A and B.
4 Place the foil over hole Aand secure with tape.
5 Carefully pierce the middleof the foil with a pin be sureto make only a small hole!
6 Stand with your back to theSun, allowing the light to
enter though the pin hole.7 Look in through hole B and
see an image of the Sun onthe bottom of the box!
SOLAR VIEWERYou should NEVER lookdirectly at the Sun, butusing this viewer youllbe able to see our closeststar safely.Youll need:
Cereal box, white card orpaper (same size as baseof box), foil, tape and pin.
FACTS ABOUT THE SUN
Gravity: 28 (Earth = 1)
Planets: 8 in orbit
Mass: 333,000 (Earth = 1)Size: 110 times widerthan Earth
B. Lookin here
A. Foil
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See the BigPicture, visitbbc.co.uk/stargazing
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Youll need:A shallow dishat least 30cm square, flour,
cocoa powder, pebbles ofvarious sizes. Warning:Thiscan get messy!
1 Fill the dish with 3-4cmof flour.
2 Sprinkle a little of thecocoa on the surface.(This will make the impactsmore visible.)
3 Pick out one of the smallestpebbles and drop it (notthrow) from eye level into
the flour to make a crater.
4 Next drop a medium-sizedpebble from the sameheight. What is differentabout the crater formed?
5 Now drop the largest pebblefrom the same height.
6 Compare the craters madeby each pebble.
METEOROID, METEOROR METEORITE?Meteoroids are piecesof dust or rock oatingthrough space. If theyenter the Earthsatmosphere and startto burn up, they becomea meteor (or shootingstar). If they hit the groundwithout burning up,craters are formed and
they become meteorites.Heres how to make yourown crater!
FACTS ABOUT MERCURY
Gravity: 0.38 (Earth = 1)
Moons: 0
Mass: 0.055 (Earth = 1)Distance from Sun: 0.4 AU(Astronomical Unit)
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See the BigPicture, visitbbc.co.uk/stargazing
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LOO ROLL SOLARSYSTEMMake a scale model ofthe Solar System usingone sheet of loo roll as10,000,000 miles!
1 The first sheet is the Sun.
2 Unroll 3.6 sheets, here isMercury! Use a picture ofthe planet or suggestedobject to mark the place.
3 Roll out 3.1 more sheets(6.7 in total) this is Venus.Mark the spot!
4 Keep going until you get allthe way to Neptune.
FACTS ABOUT VENUS
Gravity: 0.9 (Earth = 1)
Moons: 0Mass: 0.815 (Earth = 1)
Distance from Sun: 0.7 AU
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See the BigPicture, visitbbc.co.uk/stargazing
Planet /Sheets from Sun/Sheets from previous object/
Object
Mercury /3.6 /3.6 /Peppercorn
Venus /6.7 /3.1 /Cherry tomato
Earth/9.3 /2.6 /Cherry tomato
Mars /14.1 /4.8 /Blueberry
Jupiter /48.4 /34.3 /Watermelon
Saturn /88.7 /40.3 /Large grapefruit
Uranus /178.7 /90 /Apple
Neptune /279.7 /101 /Lime
V
V
V
V
V
VV
V
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1 Can you see the eight mainstars in Orion (Fig 1)?
If you can see Orion, trycounting the stars youcan see around the eightmain stars.
2 Can you see our galaxy theMilky Way (Fig 2)?
This means your skies arevery dark!
3 Try this again when visitinganother location andcompare the results.
4 Visit bbc.co.uk/stargazingand follow the link toDark Sky Discovery to findyour nearest dark sky site.You can even nominateyour area!
HOW DARK IS YOUR SKY?Light pollution can be aproblem because it makesit difficult to see the stars.You can work out how darkyour sky is by looking fortwo features in the nightsky. Use the charts inthe Star Guide on theStargazing website to helpfind them. Youll need aclear night to try this.
FACTS ABOUT EARTH
Gravity: 1
Moons: 1Mass: 1
Distance from Sun: 1 AU
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See the BigPicture, visitbbc.co.uk/stargazing
1 2
FIG 1: ORION FIG 2: MILKY WAY
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4 Pace out the distance tothe next star in Orion and
place another bag here,with another lit tealight.
5 When you have completedall eight stars, stand backand admire Orion!
6 Try using the StargazingLIVEStar Guide from thewebsite to create moreconstellations.
WALK AMONGTHE STARSUsing tealights, brownpaper bags and somesand or soil, you canrecreate a constellationon the ground.
! Adult supervision isrecommended.
1 Go outside and choose adark spot a slight slope is
good too.2 Fill your bags with enough
sand to weigh them down.
3 Place a tealight in onebag on top of the sandand light it.
FACTS ABOUT MARS
Gravity: 0.38 (Earth = 1)
Moons: 2 Deimos and
PhobosMass: 0.107 (Earth = 1)
Distance from Sun: 1.5 AU
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See the BigPicture, visitbbc.co.uk/stargazing
3 steps
3 steps
2.5 steps
2 steps2 steps
3.5 steps
3 steps
ORION
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4 Adjust the aperture: Ifyou can, set the cameras
f-number to the smallestpossible (this lets inmore light).
5 Set the zoom: Make sureyou are zoomed out to thefullest extent.
6 Adjust the sensitivity:Higher ISO number = moresensitivity and easier tocapture faint objects. (If theISO is set too high you mayget digital noise, which can
ruin your picture.)For more advice, download ourguide to photographing thenight sky from bbc.co.uk/stargazing
PHOTOGRAPH THENIGHT SKYMost digital cameras arecapable of capturing basicshots of the stars.
1 Use a tripod or rest yourcamera on something solidto stop camera shake.
2 Set the focus: Turn offautofocus as it wont workwell in the dark, and set the
focus to infinity. (
)3 Refine the focus: Point
your camera at a bright starand adjust the focus until itlooks sharp.
FACTS ABOUT JUPITER
Gravity: 2.64 (Earth = 1)
Moons: 64 known thelargest are Ganymede,
Callisto, Io and EuropaMass: 318 (Earth = 1)
Distance from Sun: 5.2 AU
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See the BigPicture, visitbbc.co.uk/stargazing
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1 Remove the lid from theempty tube and pour in two
teaspoons (10ml) of water.
2 Drop half a tablet into thecanister and close thelid sharpish!
3 Quickly place the rocket ona flat surface CAP SIDEDOWN and STAND BACKat least 2 metres.
4 After 10 seconds, your rocketshould launch into the sky!
5 If not, leave it for at least 30
seconds before retrieving it.
MAKE YOUR OWNROCKET!Rockets need fuel to powerthem through the Earthsatmosphere. Heres howto make a simple rocketpowered by carbondioxide. Youll need:A tube of fizzy vitamintablets (or film canister),water, eye protection.
! Children should besupervised for this activity.Wear eye protectionand go outside it canget sticky!
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See the BigPicture, visitbbc.co.uk/stargazing
Fizzy vitamin
Cap down
FACTS ABOUT SATURN
Gravity: 1.16 (Earth = 1)
Moons: 62 conrmed,including Titan and
EnceladusMass: 95 (Earth = 1)
Distance from Sun: 9.6 AU
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around Polaris and never setbelow the horizon.
3 Use yellow dots to createseasonal constellations(whose visibility vary withthe time of year) and jointhe stars with the long thinstickers and label.
4 Once complete, you canuse your mini planetariumto help you stargaze!
MINI PLANETARIUMMake your own guide tothe night sky and staydry! Youll need a dark sixpanel umbrella, stickywhite and yellow dots,long thin stickers.
1 Open your umbrella.The centre representsthe North Star (Polaris).
2 Use the diagram to help
mark out constellationswith white dots to createUrsa Minor, The Ploughand Cassiopeia. These arecircumpolarconstellations,which appear to rotate
FACTS ABOUT URANUS
Gravity: 0.89 (Earth = 1)
Moons: 27 known,including Titania, Oberon,
Umbriel, Ariel and MirandaMass: 14.5 (Earth = 1)
Distance from Sun: 19.2 AU
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See the BigPicture, visitbbc.co.uk/stargazing
Cassiopeia
Pisces
Gemini
The Plough
Virgo
Ursa Minor
Sagittarius
Polaris
UMBRELLA MINI PLANETARIUM
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1 Cut the card into threepieces that each measure
2.5cm x 13cm.
2 Tape two of the piecestogether into a hoop.Make sure you overlapthe ends to help make agood hoop shape.
3 Use the last strip to makea smaller hoop.
4 Tape the hoops to the endsof the straw, as shown.
5 Launch your glider into the
planetary atmosphere andwatch it glide!
HOOP ATMOSPHEREGLIDERScientists are looking atnew ways to explore otherplanets, and some probeshave been designed toglide through the planetaryatmosphere. Try makingyour own gliding probe!You will need:A drinkingstraw (non-bendable), anindex card or sheet of stiff
paper and a ruler.
FACTS ABOUT NEPTUNE
Gravity: 1.14 (Earth = 1)
Moons: 13 known,
including TritonMass: 17 (Earth = 1)
Distance from Sun: 30 AU
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See the BigPicture, visitbbc.co.uk/stargazing