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Steps to a BillSteps to a Bill Becoming a LawBecoming a Law
Steps to a Bill Becoming a LawSteps to a Bill Becoming a Law
1). Introduction1). Introduction
a)a) House Of RepresentativesHouse Of Representatives (Revenue Only)(Revenue Only)a)a) SenateSenate
2). Parts of a Bill2). Parts of a Billa)a) Assigned a number (HR of S)Assigned a number (HR of S)b)b) Labeled with a sponsor’s name: chairman Labeled with a sponsor’s name: chairman of comm.of comm.c) Sent to Committee: group which also c) Sent to Committee: group which also reviews the billreviews the bill
Committees
• Standing• a) House:Appropriations, Rules, Ways • and Means• b) Senate: Appropriations, Finance, • Judiciary, Foreign Relations• Select• Joint• Conference
Steps to a Bill Becoming a LawSteps to a Bill Becoming a Law
3). Committee Action3). Committee Action
A)A) Bill can be assigned to subcommittee by Bill can be assigned to subcommittee by chairperson (or pigeonholed-bill ignored by chairperson (or pigeonholed-bill ignored by
committee and is left to die)committee and is left to die)• [Discharge Petititon][Discharge Petititon]
B) Hearings may be heldB) Hearings may be heldC) Subcommittees report findings to full committeeC) Subcommittees report findings to full committeeD) Vote by full committeeD) Vote by full committeeE) Revisions and additions (markup session, [pork])E) Revisions and additions (markup session, [pork])F) Riders and AmendmentsF) Riders and AmendmentsG) Send To FloorG) Send To Floor
Steps to a Bill Becoming a LawSteps to a Bill Becoming a Law
4). Rules Committee (House only)4). Rules Committee (House only)
A)A)Adopts rules that will govern the procedures Adopts rules that will govern the procedures under which the bill will be considered under which the bill will be considered by the Houseby the House
i) Open Rule/Closed Rulei) Open Rule/Closed Rule ii) Debate Timeii) Debate Time
5). Floor Action 5). Floor Action
House: Speaker of the House andHouse: Speaker of the House and Majority Leader decide what will reach Majority Leader decide what will reach the floor and whenthe floor and when
Steps to a Bill Becoming a LawSteps to a Bill Becoming a Law
5). Floor Action5). Floor Action (cont.) (cont.)
House Debate:House Debate: A) Limited by Rules CommitteeA) Limited by Rules Committee B) Guided by sponsoring committeeB) Guided by sponsoring committee C) Bill is reported back to the House and voted onC) Bill is reported back to the House and voted on
Senate:Senate: Scheduling of Legislation is up to the MajorityScheduling of Legislation is up to the Majority Leader. Bills that are chosen by a majority of the Leader. Bills that are chosen by a majority of the Senate can also go to the floorSenate can also go to the floor
Steps to a Bill Becoming a LawSteps to a Bill Becoming a Law
5). Floor Action 5). Floor Action (cont.)(cont.)
Senate Debate: Senate Debate: A) Debate unlimitedA) Debate unlimited B)B) FilibusterFilibuster: Attempt to : Attempt to defeat a bill by defeat a bill by talking indefinitelytalking indefinitely C)C) Hold: Request for infoHold: Request for info
D)D) ClotureCloture: Motion to limit debate. 60 votes for : Motion to limit debate. 60 votes for this. Ends filibuster.this. Ends filibuster.
Steps to a Bill Becoming a LawSteps to a Bill Becoming a Law
5). Floor Action 5). Floor Action (cont.)(cont.)
Continued stepssteps of floor action:
A)A) Bill voted onBill voted onB)B) Must pass both chambers (House and Senate) Must pass both chambers (House and Senate) or it diesor it diesC) If House & Senate pass same bill, it is then C) If House & Senate pass same bill, it is then sent to the Presidentsent to the PresidentD) If House & Senate pass different bills, it is D) If House & Senate pass different bills, it is sent to the Conference Committeesent to the Conference Committee
Steps to a Bill Becoming a LawSteps to a Bill Becoming a Law
6). Conference Committee6). Conference Committee
A)A) Formed by members from both chambers (2/3)Formed by members from both chambers (2/3)B)B) Prepares written conference report when Prepares written conference report when compromise is reached and submitted tocompromise is reached and submitted to each chambereach chamberC) Conference report must be approved by C) Conference report must be approved by House & SenateHouse & Senate
7). Presidential Action7). Presidential Action
A)A) Signs: or becomes law in 10 days if congress is in sessionSigns: or becomes law in 10 days if congress is in sessionB)B) Veto: or becomes law if 2/3 chamber override or Veto: or becomes law if 2/3 chamber override or is overridden by both chambersis overridden by both chambersC) Pocket Veto: President does not sign bill and Congress’ C) Pocket Veto: President does not sign bill and Congress’ Term expires within 10 days of the bills’ passageTerm expires within 10 days of the bills’ passage
