STRATEGI MENJAWAB SOALANSCIENCE SPM (1511)

MUHAMAD KHAIRUL BIN JAMALUDINPANITIA SAINS

SMK TAMAN TUN AMINAH

SCIENCE SPM FORMATSCIENCE SPM FORMAT

NO ITEM PAPER 1 (1511/1) PAPER 2 (1511/2)1 Type of instrument Objective Subjective2 Number of questions 50 questions (50

MARKS)Section A:-4 questions(20 marks)Section B:-5 questions(30 marks)Section A:-3 questions(20 marks)(answer question 10 and either question 11 or 12)

5 Level of difficulty L : M : H5 : 3 : 2

25 : 15 : 10

L : M : H5 : 3 : 2

Target SPMNO ITEM PAPER 1 (1511/1) PAPER 2 (1511/2)1 Type of instrument Objective Subjective2 Number of questions 50 questions (50

MARKS)Section A:-4 questions(20 marks)Section B:-5 questions(30 marks)Section C:-3 questions(20 marks)(answer question 10 and either question 11 or 12)

5 Level of difficulty L : M : H5 : 3 : 2

25 : 15 : 10

L : M : H5 : 3 : 2

UNTUK MENDAPAT

AUNTUK MENDAPAT

A

Paper 1 40/50 Section A: 18/20

Section B: 23/30

Section C: 16/20

Total: 97/120 x 100 = 81%

(A)Total: 97/120 x 100 = 81%

(A)

How to get A

Section ASection A

1.Diagram 1.1 and 1.2 shows the result of an experiment to study the electrical conductivity of lead(II) bromide.Rajah1.1 dan 1.2 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen untuk mengkaji kekonduksian elektrik plumbum (II) bromida.

Solid Lead (II) bromide

Molten Lead (II) bromide

(b) (i) manipulated variable, -state of plumbum (II) bromida / solid plumbum (II) bromida. liquid plumbum (II) bromida

(ii)responding variable, - ammeter reading /electrical coductivity

• Based on Diagram 1.2, what is your observation on the needle of the ammeter? Berdasarkan Rajah 1.2 , apakah pemerhatian anda pada jarum ammeter?

(a) (i) needle of ammeter deflected / give reading / moved

(a) (ii) 0.4 A

(c) State one inference for this experiment.- Ammeter needle deflected (observation)

because liquid plumbum (II) bromide can conduct electric (reason)

- Ammeter needle does not deflected (observation) because solid plumbum (II) bromide cannot conduct electric (reason)

(d) Lead (II) bromide is an ionic compound. State the operational definition for an ionic compound.

- Ionic compound is substances that ammeter give reading when molten/liquid state

(d) Lead (II) bromide is an ionic compound. State the operational definition for an ionic compound.

?________ is a substances/process that ___(observation)

- Ionic compound is substances that ammeter give reading when molten/liquid state

Another example:

Operational definition of electric conductor

Electric conductor is a process that ammeter give a reading.

2 (a) SubstancesBahan

Boiling point/oCTakat didih/oC

Distilled waterAir suling 100

Distilled water + common saltAir suling + garam biasa .......................102

(b) Write down one inference based on the results of this experiment. - Boiling point increases (observation) because present of common salt (reason)

(d) What is the operational definition of distilled water?

- Distilled water substances that increase the boiling point when common salt is added.

- Distilled water substances that boiling point 100 0c.

3

Figure 2 Figure 3

Pair of metals as electrodesPasangan logam sebagai elektrod

Voltmeter reading (V) Bacaan voltmeter (V)

Copper and zincKuprum dan zink

Copper and magnesiumKuprum dan magnesium

1

2.5

3Pair of metals as electrodes

Pasangan logam sebagai elektrodVoltmeter reading (V) Bacaan voltmeter (V)

Copper and zincKuprum dan zink

Copper and magnesiumKuprum dan magnesium

(b) What is the responding variable in this experiment?Voltmeter reading

Measure the length of Section 2 of the ticker tape and record it in Table 1 Ukur panjang Keratan 2 pita detik itu dan catatkan dalam Jadual 1.

Used ruler

2. (a)

x

x

x

x

x x

(b) Answer : The longer the time taken, the higher the temperature is.

Section BSection B

44 + XY 44+XX

22+X 22+X 22+X

44+XX 44+XY 44+XY

Process I ……………………………………………………………………….....

Gamete

………………………………………..……………………………………..Process II

Zygote

R S T U

Diagram 2

Father Mother

(b) (i) Meiosis

22+Y

44+XX

(ii) Fertilization

(c) The zygote T produced will undergo mitosis and split into two(i) What type of twins will be produced

- Identical twin(ii) State one characteristics of the type of twins in

(c) (i)

- Same characteristics / share one placenta / involved one sperm one ovum

Twins Twins

4. Diagram 5 shows stages in a cell division

Mitosis and meiosisMitosis and meiosis

(a) (i) Name the cell division shown in Diagram 5.- Mitosis

(ii) Explain your answer in (a)(i)- the process produced 2 daughter cells / no crossing over

(b) Arrange the stages of cell division according to the correct sequence.

M N L K

(c) Name structure P.

- chromosome

(d) State where this type of cell division occur.

- somatic cells(e)State one importance of this type of cell division.

- increase the number of cells / repair damage cells

P

Diagram 6 shows radioactive radiation passing through an electric field.

Negative Plate

Positive plate

Radioactive source Q

R

P

Alpha (positive charge) Gamma

(neutral)

Beta (negative charge)

(b) (ii) Explain your answer in (b) (i)P deflected to negative plate, while R deflected to positive plate.

(d) Which type of radiation consist: (i) electron - beta (ii) helium nucleus - alpha(e) Which radiation that has the same speed as light ?

- gamma ray (f) State the best method to prevent ray Q from

exposed to environment.- store in the lead container

Nuclear power station

Generate nuclear energy

Kinetic energy

Electrical energy

SECTION C (QUESTION 10)1. Study the following statement;When white light is shone on a primary coloured filter, a

certain light passes through(a)Suggest a hypothesis to investigate the above statement.

[1 mark]IMPORTANT!! In the statement..Must have (mv), (rv) and a

result.ANSWERWhen white light is shone on a __________ coloured filter, a

__________ light passes through. red red

MV( )

( )RV

(b) Using a red filter, a blue filter, a green filter and other apparatus, describe an experiment to test your hypothesis in (a) based on the following criteria;

i) Aim of the experiment [1 mark]To study the (relationship between) _______________mv and

______________________________rvii) Identification of variables [2 marks]• Manipulated variable: ________________________• Responding variable: ________________________• Constant variable: ________________________

primary colour filter

colour light passes through

primary colour filter

colour light passes through

Amount of light

(max 2

marks)

iii) List of apparatus [1 mark]red filter, a blue filter, a green filter and _________________

Torch light, white screen

iii) Tabulation of data [1 mark]

Mv_________________________ Rv____________________________primary colour filter colour light passes through

blue filterred filter

Green filter

iv) Procedure [4 marks]

Red filter

White screen

1) Set up the apparatus above (by using red filter)

2) Observe the (rv) colour light passes through3) Repeat the step 1 to 2 by using blue and

green filter.

1The melting point of an ionic substance is higher than a

molecular substance.You are given lead bromide, naphthalene, thermometer,

crucible and other apparatus.Carry out an experiment to prove the statement. Your answer

should include the following:

(a) Hypothesis of experiment.The melting point of an ionic substance is higher than a

molecular substance.

• (b)(i) Aim of experiment.To show that the melting point of lead bromide is higher than

the melting point of naphthalene.

(ii) List all variables. • Manipulated variable : Lead bromide and naphthalene.• Responding variable : Melting point• Constant variable : Mass of substance heated. (iii)Apparatus and materialslead bromide, naphthalene, thermometer, crucible and Bunsen

Burner

(iv)Procedure.

1. Setup the apparatus as above.2. Observe the melting point of lead bromide.3. Repeat the step 1 until 2 by using napthalene.

(iv) Data tabulation.

Substance Melting point (oC)

Lead bromide

Naphthalene

Question 11 and 12 (Understanding and application of Thinking Strategies i.e making decisions,

conceptualizing and problem solving.)

(a) State four differences between voluntary actions and involuntary action.

Voluntary actions Involuntary actionsConscious UnconsciousThe response involves …………...……………………

The response without ...................................

Controlled by the …………................... Controlled by the ..................................................

The response can be ………..……………….. The response cannot

be ......................……………..

thinking thinkingcerebrum

Medulla oblongata

control

control

(b) Figure 1 below shows several activities conducted by a student.

Action

Writing

Reading

Conducting an experiment

Discussing

Voluntary action

• Identify two common characteristics1. All the actions are controlled by______________________2. All the actions are under ___________________________

• Develop initial conceptActions controlled by ________________ and under ___________is voluntary action. (Notes :’voluntary action’ must be at the end of the sentence)

cerebrum

Conscious

cerebrumConscious

• Give another example and one non-example in relation to the concept. Give a reason for each example.- Example : __________________________________________________- Reason (common characteristic):________________________________________________

- Non-example:________________________________________________- Reason (common characteristic):________________________________________________

• Explain the actual conceptVoluntary actions are controlled by ______________ and under _____________ .

talking

Control by cerebrum

breathing

Control by medulla oblongata

cerebrumConscious

2 (a) Describe how the side-effects of excessive alcohol consumption affect the driving skill of a human. [4 marks]

Answer:1. Alcohol causes a poor judgment of distance2. Alcohol causes a double vision3. Alcohol slows down the nervous system as it affects body

coordination and movement4. Alcohol causes a person to lose self-control

(b) The figure below shows several effects on human health of the habit of excessive consumption of alcohol. Study the above effects. Describe how excessive consumption of alcohol may cause the above effects on human health. Your answer should be based on the following:

• Identify the informationAnswers:- Alcohol abuse may cause the brain size to shrink, lead to heart

diseases, leading to dehydration

• Identify the common characteristics about excessive alcohol consumption

Answers:1. can causes great damage to the human body.2. can slow down the nervous system

• Give an example of another effect on human health and a non-health example on humans.

Answer:Example of excessive alcohol consumption to human health is

cirrhosis / gastritis / ulcers Non-example of excessive alcohol consumption to human health

is social problem / accident

• State the concept related to the excessive alcohol consumption

Answer :The concept related to the concept• Excessive consumption of alcohol can causes

great damage to the human body and can slow down the nervous system.

(a) A farmer finds the produce from his fruit farm increases. The fruit is sent to a factory to be processed. State two methods that can be used to process the fruit. Explain the methods.

Answer:Two fruit processing methods:• Canning

The fruits are heated until _______________High temperature will killed _______________ and its ______________.Fruits will _____________________________

• Drying The water in the fruit is _______________________Most microorganisms cannot live without _________

121 oo C

microorganism

sporelast longer

removed

water

(b) The fruit farm is situated on hillsides. After several years soil erosion takes place on his farm. Explain how the farmer overcomes the soil problem on his farm. Your answer should include the following.

• Identify the problemFruit farm on hillsides will suffer from ___________________.

• Clarification of the problemThe soil erosion occur in his farm because his farm is

located at the_______________.

Soil erosion

on hillside

• Solving methods- Planting _________________trees to prevent the land from collapsing .

- Planting _________________ crops to prevent soil erosion.- Building ____________________ at the side of the terrace to prevent the land from collapsing

• Choose the best method and explain your choice

__________________________________ because can overcome _____________________

more tree

cover

wall

build wall

soil erosion

3 (a)The figures (a) and (b) show the formation of twins. Name the types of twins and state three differences about the types of twins [4 marks]

Figure (a) Figure (b)

Identical twins Non-identical twins

One single ovum is fertilized by one sperm to form one zygote, then divides into two zygotes

Two ova are fertilized by two sperms, forming two zygotes

Two foetuses sharing one placenta

Two separate placentas, one for each foetus

Both have similar genetic content

Both have different genetic content

(b) A normal married couple wishes to have a baby boy. Explain the mechanism of sex determination of a baby.

Your answer should includes the following• Identify which chromosome could determine the sex of a babyAnswer:Sex chromosomes

• Clarify the chromosomes which determine baby boyA baby which inherits a Y chromosome from its father, will be a boy.

If it inherits a X chromosome from its father, it will be a girl.

• Draw the genetic chart for the sex determination in the baby

• The percentage of getting a baby boy for the couple.The percentage of getting a boy is 50%.

4 (a) Define mutation and state the type of mutation .State two factors that cause mutation.[4 marks]

(b)The figure below shows mutation which happens in the body cell of human.

Study the abnormalities caused by mutation above. Explain how you can built a concept based on the information in the figure above. Your explanation of the concept should include the following:

• Identify two common characteristicsAnswer:1. Additional or deletion of one chromosomes in the human

body cell.2. The difference in the number of chromosomes occur during

meiosis to produce gametes

• Develop initial conceptAdditional or deletion of one chromosomes in the human body

cell and the difference in the number of chromosomes occur during meiosis to produce gametes is chromosomes mutation

• Give another example and a non-example in relation to the conceptOther example - Klinefelter's syndrome Non-example- Albinism / colour blindness / sickle cell anaemia

• Explain the actual conceptChromosomes mutation Additional or deletion of one chromosomes in

the human body cell and the difference in the number of chromosomes occur during meiosis to produce gametes