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Study of interfacial properties to anticipate
foaming episodes in WWTPs
Manel LARACHICHE, PhD candidate
SFGP 2017, 11-13 July 2017, Nancy, France
Dr. Audrey DRELICH, Pr. André PAUSS, Pr. Isabelle PEZRON, Dr. Alla NESTERENKO,
Université de Technologie de Compiègne
Dr. Vincent ROCHER, Sabrina GUERIN
Syndicat Interdépartemental Assainissement Agglomération Parisienne
• ISSUE
Foaming Episodes in WWTPs (Waste Water Treatemet Plants)
Unforseeable, recurrent, problematic and expensive to eliminate
Biological treatement facilities = AERATION + ORGANIC & SUSPENDED MATTER
Picture of the Seine during a foaming episode
(France, 2000)
12/07/2017 – SFGP 2017 – Nancy, France
ContextLiterature
review
Materialsand
MethodsResults Future…
• CONTEXT
MOdeling, Control and Optimization of wastewater treatment ProcEssEs
SYNERGY between scientific and operational water communities
knowledge-based OPTIMIZATION of water treatment processes
ContextLiterature
review
Materialsand
MethodsResults Future…
Scientificand
Academicteams
Water actorsand operators
Industrialpartners
12/07/2017 – SFGP 2017 – Nancy, [email protected] 2
• OBJECTIVES
UNDERSTAND foam formation in aerated fermentation media
CONTROL and ANTICIPATE foaming problems in WWTP
Limit the use of antifoams
Optimize monitoring and management of processes
• SCIENTIFIC LOCKS
Complex and living media
Variable composition
Diversity of phenomena
Literaturereview
Physico-chemicalcharacterization
& Measures
Correlations
Analytical Tools
In-situ, online, fast
Processoptimization
ContextLiterature
review
Materialsand
MethodsResults Future…
12/07/2017 – SFGP 2017 – Nancy, [email protected] 3
• LITERATURE REVIEW
Phenomenon widely studied over the past 40 years …
BUT no conclusion to ANTICIPATE foaming episodes !
- DIVERSITY of industries
WWTP, dairy and sugar industries, fermentation process,…
- DIVERSITY of the phenomenon
bulking & foaming
- DIVERSITY of molecules and organisms promoting the foaming
bacteria, bacterial flocs, proteins, biosurfactants, EPS, TSS,…
- DIVERSITY of “process parameters” influencing the foaming
subtrates and oxygen amount, sludge’s age, T, …
ContextLiterature
review
Materialsand
MethodsResults Future…
[email protected] 12/07/2017 – SFGP 2017 – Nancy, France 4
development of laboratory protocols // representative conditions of the site
- Equilibrium surface tension by the Wilhelmy plate
- Dynamic surface tension by the Bubble Pressure
ContextLiterature
review
Materialsand
MethodsResults Future…
• FOAM GENERATION and CHARACTERIZATION
12/07/2017 – SFGP 2017 – Nancy, [email protected] 5
Wilhelmy plate method Maximum bubble pressure method
development of laboratory protocols // representative conditions of the site
- Equilibrium surface tension by the Wilhelmy plate
- Dynamic surface tension by the Bubble Pressure
- Effervescence foamability (Alka-Seltzer pastille)
- Foamability and stability of the foams by the Bikerman method
Ajouter une
photo de la
colonne de
verre
ContextLiterature
review
Materialsand
MethodsResults Future…
• FOAM GENERATION and CHARACTERIZATION
DFA100
KRüSS
12/07/2017 – SFGP 2017 – Nancy, [email protected] 5
DFA 100 KRUSS
Foam generation
Foam height over time
Liquid fraction over time
Foam generation
Air injection
Q= 0,3 L/min
t = 30s
Foam stability
(Drainage + Coalescence)
Foam volume over time
Foam half time,…
• FOAM GENERATION and CHARACTERIZATION
ContextLiterature
review
Materialsand
MethodsResults Future…
Foam capacity
(Expansion rate)
maximum foam volume / height
at the end of the air injection
12/07/2017 – SFGP 2017 – Nancy, [email protected] 6
• SOME RELEVANT RESULTS
Characterization of WWTP effluents
ContextLiterature
review
Materialsand
MethodsResults Future…
Water treatment part of Seine Centre (240 000 𝑚3/Day)
Decanted water
Nitrified water
Denitrified water
Water
discharge
12/07/2017 – SFGP 2017 – Nancy, [email protected] 7
• SOME RELEVANT RESULTS
Characterization of WWTP effluents
ContextLiterature
review
Materialsand
MethodsResults Future…
Sludge treatment part of Seine Aval (1 700 000 𝑚3/𝐷𝑎𝑦)
TDJ Feed Water
TDJ Mixed Liquor
12/07/2017 – SFGP 2017 – Nancy, [email protected] 8
• SOME RELEVANT RESULTS
Characterization of WWTP effluents
TDJ .water is the only one foaming effluent in lab
agreement with on-site observations
Correlation between
éq. & foamability ?
WWTP effluents éq (mN/m)
TDJ feed water 65,32
Decanted water 71,75
Nitrified water 73,86
Denitrified water 72,3
Water discharge 72,97
TDJ mixed liquor 72,33
Pure water 72,8
ContextLiterature
review
Materialsand
MethodsResults Future…
SURFACE TENSION
12/07/2017 – SFGP 2017 – Nancy, [email protected] 9
• SOME RELEVANT RESULTS
Characterization of WWTP effluents
the more the effluent is diluted, the less it foams
The composition of the effluent is responsible for the foaming
ContextLiterature
review
Materialsand
MethodsResults Future…
SURFACE TENSION
t = 30s t = 5 min12/07/2017 – SFGP 2017 – Nancy, [email protected] 10
• SOME RELEVANT RESULTS
Comparison with model solutions of amphiphilic molecules
CTAB (cationic surfactant)
BSA (protein 66.5 kDa)
ContextLiterature
review
Materialsand
MethodsResults Future…
TDJ feed water High foaming capacity surfactant CTAB model
solution
Low foam stability protein BSA model solution
FOAMABILITY
12/07/2017 – SFGP 2017 – Nancy, [email protected] 11
• SOME RELEVANT RESULTS
Comparison with model solutions of amphiphilic molecules
ContextLiterature
review
Materialsand
MethodsResults Future…
SURFACE
TENSION
CTAB (cationic surfactant)
BSA (protein 66.5 kDa)
TDJ feed water intermediate dynamic
surface tension decreases
Correlation between
dyn. & foamability ?
12/07/2017 – SFGP 2017 – Nancy, [email protected] 12
• CONCLUSION
→ Experimental procedure to discriminate foaming and non foaming effluents
→ Foaming effluents (TDJ feed water) are characterized by :
- high foaming capacity BUT low foaming stability
- slight BUT progressive decrease of surface tension
PERSPECTIVES
→ Study of dynamic surface tension
→ Investigate the viscoelastic properties of interfaces
→ Correlations with analytical characterization
Study of antifoams effectiveness (use of reasonable amount)
ContextLiterature
review
Materialsand
MethodsResults Future…
12/07/2017 – SFGP 2017 – Nancy, [email protected] 13
12/07/2017 – SFGP 2017 – Nancy, France
