Athena Giustiniani

Statens Museum for Kunst

CC0

Introduction to 3D technologies and

open digitised collections

Jonathan BeckFounder and manager, Scan the World

Largest online platform for 3D printable objects of cultural significance.

Contributed by either a community of enthusiasts or an internal team working on an official capacity with institutions.

Everything is uploaded with appropriate metadata and backlinks to institution’s online databases.

Free to download with licensing varying on the institution.

Non-profit, community built initiative archiving cultural artefacts

Scan the World

3D Imaging

Virgin and Child

Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge

CC-BY-NC 2.5

How do you scan?

Cheap

Accessible

Open-Source technology

Exports photographic texture

Calculating dimension not intrinsic to process

Slow processing

Learning curve

Photogrammetry

Series of overlapping photographs to produce a 3D representation of an object or environment

Experimented with as early as 1860 by artist François Willème

Can use a single digital camera (or smartphone) to produce a nice quality scan

Photogrammetry

Software:

- Agisoft Photoscan

- RealityCapture

- Autodesk ReCap

- Meshlab (free)

Structured Light

Comprised of two cameras and a projector, either handheld or placed on a tripod

Familiar pattern projected onto surface, distortion to the pattern is recorded by the camera’s sensors

100 micron point accuracy with more guaranteed quality

Less learning curve

Immediacy of data capture

Discrepancies in texture capture

Expensive

Size limitations

Structured Light

Hardware:

- Artec Eva (30cm+) - $$

- Artec Spider (-30cm) - $$

- Artec Leo - $$$

- HP DAVID 3D - $$

- Shining3D Einscan Pro - $

- Creaform Go - $$$

Lidar

Infrared laser scanning

Tripod fires points out from the rangefinder, differences in laser return times and wavelengths produce a ‘point cloud’ of three dimensional data

Can scan most materials, ranging from translucent materials to chemical compounds and singular molecules

Additive Manufacturing

Kneeling Angel

Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge

CC-BY-NC 2.5

3D Printing

FDM - Fused Deposition Modelling

Rapid prototyping, modelling, maquettes

Cost-effective means of production

Filament is generally a plastic composite

SLA - Stereolithography

Resin based additive manufacturing

High precision, small, intricate shapes

Used in jewellery and modelmaking as is easy to cast post production

SLS - Selective laser sintering

Powder based printer, fused layer by layer with lasers

Doesn’t produce support material (as seen in FDM and SLA printing)

Prints polymers such as nylon and polystyrene, steel, titanium and alloy mixtures.

OpenGLAM +

Open Digitised Collections

Antinous as Dionysus

Statens Museum for Kunst

CC0

Releasing digitised museum collections with an open license (CC0)

Inspiring new knowledge, creativity, access and interpretations

Breaking the collection beyond the museum’s walls to bring a global audience back to them

Just 1% of many museum collections are on display, the digital is the only place to present this

If a museum’s collection isn’t online, it doesn’t exist

What does a museum’s collection mean to those who are partially sighted or blind?

Traditionally enforced museum rule of ‘do not touch’ makes accessing culture close to impossible for people who have visual impairments.

3D printing allows for the cheap production of high quality facsimiles which in tern, provides someone with the incredible experience of engaging with artefacts.

Use cases - Accessibility

Torso of a soldier

Musée de Mougins, France

CC-BY-NC 2.5

Use cases - Education

Uses for students, drawing classes can use 3D reference rather than 2D images

Object based learning

Scanathons - learn about the art and the technology!

Use cases - Reinterpretation

Niv Shafran

2017

Open data means a continued conversation outside of the museum’s walls

Remixing and reinterpretations of collections allows for a new voice to be added to the museum’s ecosystem

“Our understanding of research, education, artistic creativity, and the progress of knowledge is built upon the axiom that no idea stands alone, and that all innovation is built on the ideas and innovation of others.” 

Smithsonian Web and New Media Strategy

Version 1.0, 2009

Keep in touch

jon@myminifactory.com

@Scan_The_World

Jonathan BeckScan the World founder and manager

Pieta

Statens Museum for Kunst

CC0