Syllabus Vet Lic Exam

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    A PRIMER-SYLLABUS FOR VETERINARY MEDICINELICENSURE EXAMINATION

    BOARD OF VETERINARY MEDICINE

    TEODULO M. TOPACIO JR., DVM, MSc., Ph.D.Chairman

    TEOFILO F. TULIAO, DVM - Mm!rAN"EL ANTONIO B. MATEO, DVM, MSc. - Mm!r

    Rationale and Overview

    Veterinarians who are graduates of accredited veterinary colleges will have to take and passlicensure examinations in order to practice veterinary medicine in the country. Graduates must becompetent in the practice of general veterinary medicine such as food animal practice (ruminants, swine,poultry and auatic animals!, companion animal practice (euine, feline, canine, etc.!, "oo wildlife and

    laboratory animal practice and veterinary public health. #he examinees are expected to be euippedwith the knowledge and skills in the treatment, prevention, and control diseases of economicimportance, diseases of animals transmissible to man ("oonoses!, animal production, research andextension. #he examinees must also be conscious of his social and civic responsibilities, must know theobligations in ethical practice, including their contributions towards national goals and development ofthe government. $fter all, the veterinary schools, government and private owe their existence to thenational government.

    Ob%ectives of the &rimer'

    . #o provide answers to ueries freuently asked regarding &R) activities before and after theexamination.*. #o guide the examinees on the reuirements and implementation of the licensure examinations.+. #o enable the examinees to know the type of uestions being asked, the purpose and the coverage

    of the sub%ect matter they are expected to answer.. #o guide the examiners on how to improve their testing abilities that will gauge the competence and

    readiness of the examinees to practice veterinary medicine.-. #o coordinate and disseminate the activities of the &R), oard of Veterinary /edicine and the

    examinees, on the pre0examination and post examination reuirements.1. #o serve as reference for the examiners, examinees and the accredited veterinary colleges.

    2cope and )overage

    #he primer will discuss briefly the different activities of the &hilippine Regulation )ommissionrelated to the licensure examinations conducted by the oard of Veterinary /edicine. 2ome are strictlyconfidential and some are available to all concerned, the examinees, examiners and other interestedparties. 2pecifically the examination system of the &R) will be thoroughly discussed. #he contents ofthe primer0syllabus which are to be carefully studied to serve as a guide for the prospective examinees.#he examination uestions will come from the sub%ects and topics including the euivalent weights inpercentage. 2ample uestions that measure the levels of abilities are given. #he answers are likewiseprovided. $t the end of each sub%ect will be found the list of text books recommended for the use bythe veterinary schools. $dditional references are also listed for further readings.

    2ince the veterinary licensure examinations are given only once a year, it has been regularlyscheduled in the month of $ugust. #he exact date and venue will vary. #he schedule of the sub%ects forexaminations are permanent and are listed accordingly.

    3inally, the list and schedule of the post examination information, e.g. the release of the results,activities and relevant oath0taking ceremonies and the procedures for the renewal of licenses can befound in the primer.

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    4egal asis of the oard 5xamination

    $s provided for in Republic $ct 6o. +7* entitled' 8$n $ct to Regulate the &ractice ofVeterinary /edicine and 2urgery in the &hilippines9, 2ection 1, 8$ person who desires to obtain alicense shall apply therefore to the Veterinary 5xamining board (now oard of Veterinary /edicine!.5ach application shall contain and be accompanied by proof of particular ualifications reuired underoath and shall be accompanied by the examination fee.9

    :t is provided further in 2ection ; 8#he Veterinary 5xamining oard shall consist of threereputable veterinarians appointed by the &resident of the Republic upon recommendation of the2ecretary of $griculture and 6ational Resources (now the )hairman of the &rofessional Regulation)ommission upon recommendation of five (-! nominees by the &hilippines Veterinary /edical$ssociation.!9

    2ection 7, provides that 8:t shall be the duty of the Veterinary 5xamining oard to examine theapplication, diplomas, affidavits and proof of all applicants, and when satisfied of the genuineness of thesame, it shall examine all applicants for examination and shall issue a license to each person successfullypassing the examination.9

    2ection states' 8#he Veterinary 5xamination oard shall meet and hold examinations at leastonce a year, should there be any applicant for the examination. #he sub%ects for this examination shallbe the following' anatomy, physiology, pathology, parasitology, materia medica and therapeutics,bacteriology (now microbiology!, medicine and surgery and "ootechnics.9

    Republic $ct 6o. +7* was approved and took effect on

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    REPUBLIC ACT NO. #$%

    $6 $)# #O R5G>4$#5 #?5 &R$)#:)5 O3 V5#5R:6$R@ /5A:):65 $6A 2>RG5R@ :6#?5 &?:4:&&:652

    e it enacted by the 2enate and ?ouse of Representative of the &hilippines in )ongressassembled'

    2ection . #hat is shall be unlawful for any person to practice veterinary medicine and surgery inany of its branches, including veterinary dentistry, and excepting the castrating and spaying of animalsand dehorning of cattle, in the &hilippines who shall not have complied with the provisions of this $ct.

    2ection *. 6o person shall practice veterinary medicine and surgery, in any of its brancheswithout a valid and existing license to do so.

    2ection +. $ person shall be regarded as practicing veterinary medicine and surgery within themeaning of this $ct who shall append or cause to be appended to his name the letters V.2., A.V./.,V./.A., /.A.)., A.V.2., or the words 8Veterinary,9 8 Veterinarian,9 8Veterinary surgeon,9

    8Veterinary dentist,9 or any other initials or title implying ualifications to so practice, or who shalltreat, operate on, or prescribe for any physical ailment in, or any physical in%ury to, or deformity of, anydomestic animals, for which he shall receive any monetary compensation. #he terms of this act shall notapply to commissioned veterinarians in the >nited 2tates or the &hilippine $rmy.

    2ection . $n accredited school of veterinary medicine and surgery within the meaning of this $ctshall be (! one approved by the Aepartment of 5ducationB (*! one reuiring, among other things, that,as a prereuisite for admission, its students must have a four0year course in any public high school, orother secondary school accredited by the Aepartment of 5ducation*B (+! one that reuires for graduationa five0year course in veterinary medicine and surgery, teaching the sub%ects of anatomy and physiologyof domestic animals, general and special pathology, veterinary materia medica and therapeutics,

    veterinary medicine and surgery, bacteriology, parasitology, chemistry, and such other sub%ects as areordinarily included in the curricula of veterinary colleges and topics, knowledge of which is commonlyand generally reuired of candidates for the degree of Aoctor of Veterinary /edicine by reputableveterinary colleges or universities.

    2ection -. $ person is ualified to receive a license (! who is over twenty0one years of ageB (*!who is of good moral character and temperate habitsB (+! who has graduated from a four0year highschool or secondary school approved by the Aepartment of 5ducation +B (! who has graduated from anaccredited veterinary collegeB (-! who has passed an examination conducted by the Veterinary5xamining oardto determine his fitness to receive a licenseB and (1! who is a citi"en of the &hilippinesor who has made a declaration of intention to become a citi"en and has filed a petition for naturali"ationwithin thirty days after becoming eligible to do so.

    2ection 1. $ person who desires to obtain a license shall apply therefore to the Veterinary5xamining oard.- 5ach application shall contain and be accompanied by proof of particularualifications reuired under oath and shall be accompanied by the examination fee.

    2ection ;. #he Veterinary 5xamining oard1 shall consist of three reputable veterinariansappointed by the &resident of the Republic upon recommendation of the 2ecretary of $griculture and6atural Resources.;

    2ection 7. :t shall be the duty of the Veterinary 5xamining oard7to examine the applications,diplomas, affidavits and proof of all applicants, and when satisfied of the genuineness of the same, it

    shall examine all applicants for examination and shall issue a license to each person successfully passingthe examination.

    6ow )ommission on ?igher 5ducation.*6ow Aepartment of 5ducation, )ulture and 2ports+6ow Aepartment of 5ducation, )ulture and 2ports6ow oard of Veterinary /edicine-6ow oard of Veterinary /edicine16ow oard of Veterinary /edicine;6ow &rofessional Regulation )ommission.76ow oard of Veterinary /edicine

    +

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    #he Veterinary 5xamining oard=may refuse to issue or may suspend, or revoke any license forany one or any combination of the following causes'. #he employment of fraud, misrepresentation or deception in obtaining such licenseB*. )onviction of a crime involving moral turpitude or conviction of a felony, in which case the record

    of such conviction shall be conclusive evidenceB+. )hronic inebriety or habitual use of drugsB. 3or having professional connection with or lending oneCs name to any illegal practitioner of

    veterinary medicine and the various branches thereofB-. Violation or attempting to violate, directly or indirectly, any of the provisions of this $ctB1. 3raud or dishonesty in applying, treating or reporting on tuberculin or other biological testsB;. 3alse or misleading advertising having for its purpose or intent deception or fraudB7. 3or failing to report, as reuired by law, or making false report of any contagious or infectious

    diseases.

    2ection =. #he members of the Veterinary 5xamining oardD shall serve for a period of threeyears beginning from the date of their appointment. #he members shall be appointed such that the termof office of one member shall terminate every year. $ny vacancy shall be covered by an ad interim

    appointment for the rest of the term only.

    2ection D. #he &resident of the Republic will have the power to dismiss any member of theoard because of unprofessional conduct, inefficiency, dereliction of duty or any sufficient and%ustifiable reasons.

    2ection . #he officers of the Veterinary 5xamining oard shall consist of a &resident and asecretary who shall be elected every year from among the members of the said oard.

    2ection *. 5ach member of the Veterinary 5xamining oard* shall receive a compensation often pesos per candidate taking the examination for practice as a veterinarian.

    2ection +. #he secretary shall keep the minutes of the oard and a book or registration of allveterinarians to whom a license has been issued, indication their names, age, place of practice, theveterinary institution from which they graduated, the number of years of study, the degree or certificatesthey obtained, and shall furnish a duplicate copy of the minutes and the book of registration to theureau of )ivil 2ervice+.

    2ection . #he Veterinary 5xamining oardshall meet and hold examinations at least once ayear, should there be any applicant for the examination. #he sub%ects for this examination shall be thefollowing' anatomy, physiology, pathology, parasitology, materia medica and therapeutics, bacteriology,medicine and surgery, and "ootechnics.

    #he date, place and hours of examinations shall be published in one or more newspapers at leastone week previously.

    2ection -. #here shall be paid to the :nsular #reasurer-the following fees' (a! 3or examination,thirty pesosB (b! 3or a license, ten pesosB (c! 3or certified statement that a licensee is licensed, ten pesosB(d! 3or issuance of duplicate license in case the original has been lost or destroyed, ten pesos. 6o feeshall be reuired for a second examination if taken within twelve months after failure in the firstexamination. #he examination fee may be returned to the candidate if he withdraws before theexaminations have started.

    2ection 1. #he Veterinary 5xamining oard1 may reciprocate with other countries in therecognition of exchange of licenses upon a basis of euality of educational standard and mutual

    recognition, which standard shall not be lower than the reuirements of this $ct.

    =6ow oard of Veterinary /edicineD6ow oard of Veterinary /edicine6ow oard of Veterinary /edicine*6ow oard of Veterinary /edicine+2ee &.A. **+, section - (c!, promulgated

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    2ection ;. $ny person practicing veterinary medicine and surgery or dentistry in the &hilippineswithout a license, or who shall fail to comply with any of the terms of this $ct, shall be deemed guilty ofa misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall be punished by a fine of not less than one hundred pesos normore than two hundred pesos or by imprisonment for not less than thirty days nor more than sixmonths, or by both such fine and imprisonment for each and every offenseB and it shall be the duty of the&rovincial or )ity 3iscal where such offense is committed to prosecute all persons violating theprovisions of this $ct, upon proper complaint being made. $ll fines collected under this $ct shall bepaid into the treasury of the province or city where the prosecution is held.

    2ection 7. $ny person filing, or attempting to file, as his own, the diploma of another, or aforged or fictitious or a fraudulently obtained diploma or certificate, upon conviction shall be sub%ect tosuch fine and imprisonment as are made and provided by the statutes for the crime of forgery.

    2ection =. #his act shall take precedence above all existing rules and regulations regarding thepractice of Veterinary /edicine and surgery in the &hilippines.

    2ection *D. #his $ct shall take effect upon its approval.

    $pproved, #@ #O #?5 )O//>6:#@

    -

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    2ection ;. Primary Duty.00 #he veterinarianCs primary duty of servicing the public is accomplishedby giving the best professional service and to act himself in such a manner as to hold the profession inhigh esteem.

    2ection 7. Emergency Serice. 00 $ veterinarian when consulted in an emergency by the client ofanother, shall attend only to the conditions leading to the emergency. >pon completion of thetreatment, the patient must be referred back to the attending veterinarian. ?owever, if the client refusesto go back and decided to stay, the veterinarian who attended the emergency case may accept the case.#he following conditions should be present' (a! 3indings and discussions with the client shall be handledin such a confidential manner as to avoid criticism of the attending veterinarian andB (b! :n makingemergency calls upon a patient already under treatment, it is unethical to institute radical changes in thetreatment previously prescribed in such a way as to attract unusual attention.

    2ection =. !uthori"ed #isit of a Consultant as re$uested %y the attending eterinarian. 00 Ehen inthe course of authori"ed visit it will be unethical to offer services whether free or compensated or togive advice other than that service which comes strictly within the scope of the official call.

    2ection D. Reisit of Patient.00 )onsultants shall not revisit the patient or client or communicate

    directly with the client without the knowledge or consent of the attending veterinarian.

    2ection . #eterinary !u&iliaries.00 :t is the primary responsibility of the practicing veterinarianthat laboratory workers, clinic assistants, veterinary aides, /edical #echnologists, Radiologic#echnologists and other auxiliaries shall act in such a manner that will not contradict any provision ofthese code.

    2ection *. 'illing Clients %y the Consultant.00 :n no instance, under no circumstances, shall aconsultant take charge of a case or problem without the consent of all concerned, particularly when theclientCs financial obligation to the attending veterinarian have not yet been settledFad%ustedFcleared.

    2ection +. Delegation of Serices. 00 $ veterinarian shall not delegate to any person such as butnot limited to veterinary auxiliaries (unlicensed veterinarian, veterinary aides, x0ray technicians, medicaltechnologist, animal caretakers, agricultural extension technicians! the performance of any service oroperation which reuires competence as a professional, unless expressly authori"ed by law.

    2ection . Superision of (or). 0 #he veterinarian shall supervise associates or auxiliariespersonally in the performance of their duties.

    2ection -. Professional *ees. 00 #he veterinarian shall charge fees taking into consideration thenature of the case (span of time used in the operation and improvement of facilities for the veterinarianto work with ease, grace and comfort thereby constituting to the highest professional level of service!,efforts, skills and materials involved and the capacity of the client to pay. #he veterinarian is obliged toreveal to client when reuested, the itemi"ed details of the professional fees charged. 6o demandrebates and commissions shall be demanded nor split fees other than the legitimate professional fees.

    2ection 1. Discoeries of (or)s.00 :n the interest of the veterinary profession and public health,the veterinarian must make available discoveries, inventions or research works useful in safeguarding orpromoting health sub%ect to patent or copyright laws. ?e shall not claim discoveries not his own.

    2ection ;. #olunteer Program. 00 #he veterinarian may be encouraged to participate in programsdesigned for veterinary public health education and animal health care. /embers can participate onvolunteer programs for the delivery of veterinary services in underserved or unserved areas. :n case ofdisasters or national emergencies, the veterinarian may assist in alleviating the sufferings of stricken

    animals and human population of affected areas.

    2ection 7. !nimal (elfare. 00 )ogni"ant of $nimal Eelfare 4aw, the veterinarian shall ensure thepatients are taken good care of properly, handled and managed as humanely as possible.

    $nimals used for experimentsFinstructional purposes should be managed properly and humanely.

    2ection =. Professional Commitment to Serice.00 :n all efforts to improve professional service inthe health of the public, the veterinarian shall make available to the community his skills, knowledge andexperience.

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    $rticle :::A>#@ O3 #?5 &RO3522:O6

    2ection *D. +eeping Professionally Competent. 00 #he veterinarian shall endeavor to beprofessionally competent by updating knowledge, skill and efficiency thus better serving the clients,community and country.

    a. )ontinuing &rofessional 5ducation5very veterinarian shall pursue continuing professional education programs offered by the&V/$, its )hapter and $ffiliates, 2pecial groups, schools, alumni associations, study clubs andveterinary associations abroad duly accredited by the )ontinuing &rofessional 5ducation ()&5!)ouncil of Veterinary /edicine of the &rofessional Regulation )ommission.

    b. )&5 )redit >nits5very veterinarian shall complete minimum )&5 credits every + years in accordance with theaccreditation guidelines set by the &V/$ and the )&5 )ouncil of Veterinary /edicine.

    c. 5ach specialty group shall evolve its own system of accreditation, establish its council, police itsown ranks and shall at all times safeguard the public against those who do not meet theualifications prescribed by this code.

    2ection *. Display of Certificates. 00 6o certificates, plaues, or testimonials except recognitionand awards by peers other than the veterinarianCs school diploma, certificates issued by the specialtycouncil, the &V/$ oard, &R) 4icense, R and such others reuired by law shall be displayed in the)linics or reception room at all times.

    2ection **. Duty to Report. 00 #he veterinarian either in government or private service shall reportall violations of the Veterinary /edicine and 2urgery $ct, the rules and regulations governing the

    practice of veterinary medicine and this code, which comes to his knowledge, to the appropriate chapteror affiliate society, the &V/$ oard or the &rofessional Regulation )ommission.

    2ection *+. Professional Consultation and Referral. 00 #he veterinarian may seek consultation ormake a referral whenever the welfare of the patient reuires recourse to those who possess specialskills, knowledge and experience.

    a! #he consultant shall hold the details of the consultation in confidence and shall not undertake anoperative procedure without the consent of the referring veterinarian.

    b! #he consultant shall observe post0operative conditions and immediately thereafter return thepatient to the referring veterinarian. :n making emergency calls upon a patient already undertreatment by another veterinarian it is unethical to institute radical treatment previouslyprescribed in such a way as to attract unusual attention.

    2ection *. Criticism and E&pert Testimony. 00a.

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    2ection *;. Testimonials. 00 $ veterinarian or any association of veterinarians shall not givetestimonials, directly or indirectly to any therapeuticFprophylactic agents or their preparations such asremedies, vaccines and other articles for prevention of disease.

    2ection *7. Soliciting Patients.00 $ veterinarian shall not solicit patient personally or employ hisclients, agents or agencies to solicit patients or clients including such practice as 8door to door9solicitation.

    2ection *=. Coer up for /llegal !cts.00 6o veterinarian shall willfully engage in such services thatshall cover up or facilitate pre%udicial practices by certain commercial or industrial establishments(public or private!.

    2ection +D. Performance of 0%ligations. 00 #he veterinarian shall perform in good faith and withdue diligence all his obligations arising from agreements with clients or other persons, and financinginstitutions or other instrumentalityCs, in order not to undermine the prestige of the profession.

    $rticle :V

    $AV5R#:2:6G

    2ection +. !dertising in ,eneral. 00 $dvertising as a means of obtaining patronage isob%ectionable, unethical and unprofessional. 2ome ob%ectionable advertising consists of'

    a! &ersonal superiority over oneCs colleagueb! 2ecret remedies or exclusive methodc! 3ixed fees for given servicesd! $s a corporation or partnership beyond that which would be ethical of either partye! Reports allegedly unintentionalf! ?ospital or clinic euipment and other special services rendered therewithg! 2olicited and repeated publicity of the building or occupation of a new hospital.

    2ection +*. !uthori"ed adertising. 00 #he best and honorable means by which the veterinarianmay make known and advance his reputation for skill and competence in the practice of veterinarymedicine is through his professional services to his patients and the public.

    a! #he veterinarian or veterinary clinic or hospital shall have not more than one window or buildingsign per exposure.

    b! 4etters for windows or building signs of the first floor shall not be larger than F- of the facadeand shall show only the name of the veterinarian and the term 8veterinarian.9

    c! #he term 8gas anesthesia or air0conditioned9 or any technical description must not appear in thecard, stationaries, office doors and signboards of the veterinarian.

    d! $ veterinarian may identify himself as veterinary practitioner only in the following mannerB. )ards, letterheads, announcements. $ veterinarian may properly utili"e professional cards, recall notices to

    clients of records and letterheads when the style and text are consistent with the dignity of the profession.*. $nnouncement cards may be sent when there is change in location or an alteration in the

    character or practice, but only to other veterinary members and to clients of records.+. &rofessional cards must be of traditional si"e and type and shall not include more than the veterinarianCs

    name, title, address, telephone number and office hours. :f he confines himself to the specific field ofpractice, he may include the following' 8practice limited to, or if oard certified, specialist in... (8specialty9!.

    e! Office Aoor 4ettering and 2igns. #he use of door lettering should be limited to F- of the si"e of the door andshall show only the name of the veterinarian. Eindow or building signs above the first floor shall show thename of veterinarian and term veterinarian only and the letter shall be no bigger than 1cms in si"e.

    f! uilding Airectory. Ehen placing his name upon the directory of an office building, aveterinarian must adopt only the si"e of lettering regularly used by the tenants in said building.

    g! #he veterinarian shall not use neon signs andFor mobile sign board flashing lights in any

    form.h! Airectional signboards may be used by veterinarians but shall not be more than two alongthe street where the veterinarian is practicing and shall be limited to the name of theveterinarian, the address and an arrow.

    i! $ veterinarian shall not allow his name to be listed in the directories in bold face type oradvertise his hospital or clinic in any way differing from the established standard style.

    %! $ veterinarian shall not allow his name to be printed in public directories as a specialist inthe treatment of any disease or in the performance of any service within the scope ofveterinary practice.

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    2ection ++. !dertising in Local 1ewspaper.00a! $dvertisement in local newspaper should be reasonable in si"e and display. :t should be limited

    to name, title, address, office hours, and telephone number. 2uch advertisement should be placeunder 2ection on 8&rofessional9 and not under 8&er 2ection9.

    b! /embers are encouraged to write articles for the local press announcing the presence of acontagious disease and their control or treatment, provided the motive is a bona fide attempt toinform the clients rather than personal gain.

    c! $ veterinarian shall use newspaper announcement only when opening a new clinicFhospital,practice, provided that the newspaper announcement shall not be within +D days from the dateof opening, change or limitation of practice.. #he veterinarian shall use only the usual titles and academic degrees such as 8Aoctor,

    Veterinarian, AV/, or V/A9 in connection with the name or signature, such as butnot limited to /2, &hA, 44B recogni"ed specialty titles, any be if legitimate holders.

    *. #he veterinarian is authori"ed to the listing of his name in a telephone or other directory,provided that the listing shall not be in bold type nor in a box or in different colors.

    2ection +. !dertising in Mail. 00 #he distribution in cards, circulars by mail or other wisereminding clients that the time is at hand for rendering certain services other than vaccination, is a

    uestionable practice.

    2ection +-. !dertising %y Personal Cards and Letterheads. 00 #he letterhead of a professionalshould be modest, announcing his name, title, address, telephone number, and office hours.

    2ection +1. !dertising %y Display Signs.00 Aisplay signs of reasonable si"e and dimensions inveterinary hospitals or clinics are not ob%ectionable provided they do not announce special services suchas bathing, plucking, clipping, and x0ray works which characteri"es the ways of the charlatan.2treamers announcing such practices as free consultation, vaccination, bathing, etc. 2hould be avoided.>se of outside displays like mounted dogs, cats or large pictures of animals depicting various practices,etc. $re considered ob%ectionable.

    2ection +;. Testimonials2 ,uarantees2 *rauds. 00 :t is considered unprofessional or unethical to'a! Erite testimonials as to the proprietary remedies or food except to report the results of properly

    controlled experiments or studies, such report to be given publicity through a veterinary %ournalor at convention or meeting of the association.

    b! Guarantee a cure.c! 5mploy uestionable method to attract public attention or boast of possessing superior skill in

    the treatment or prevention of a disease.d! :ssuing of false certificates of health or official documents.e! $ccept a fee from the seller if employed by the buyer to inspect an animal for soundness.f! )ritici"e unfairly an animal about to be sold.g! $ct or serve as %udge in accredited animal shows.

    2ection +7. /llegal Practices.00a! :t is unprofessional to aid in illegal practices of others, practicing without license, teaching

    others to do so in violation of the laws governing the practice of veterinary medicine.b! :t is the duty of members of the association to report illegal practices to the proper authorities

    and to report such practices by members of the associations to the &V/$.

    2ection +=. Use of !ssociation3s Endorsement.00 6o member or employee of the &V/$ shall usethe name of the association in connection with the promotion or advertising or endorsement of anycommercial product or commercial services, or any service without written permission from the oardof Airectors.

    2ection D. Loyalty. 00 #he veterinarian should first of all be a good citi"en and a leader inmovements to advance community welfare. ?e should commit no act that will reflect unfavorable uponthe worthiness of the profession

    2ection . Mem%ership and *inancial Support. 00 :t is the duty and responsibility of theveterinarian to be an active member of the &V/$ and bona fide chapters and affiliates of theassociation within the area of his practice. ?is membership reuires financial support in reasonableamount fixed by his association or chapter.

    =

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    2ection *. Enforcement.00 Violation of this code and the interpretation of any provision hereofshall be determined by the )ouncil of 5thics.

    2ection +. Sanctions. 00 Reprimand, suspension or expulsion from the &hilippine Veterinary/edical $ssociation for violation of this code.

    2ection . Council of Ethics.00 #he findings of an $d?oc 5thics )ommittee would be submittedto the )ouncil of 5thics for $d%udication.

    2ection -. Confidentiality.00 &roceedings conducted by the $d?oc )ommittee on 5thics shallremain confidential. $ll proceedings of the investigations being conducted by the $d?oc )ommitteeand the )ouncil of 5thics involving any member of the &hilippine Veterinary /edical $ssociation shallbe conducted with utmost decorum.

    $rticle V5335)#:V:#@

    2ection 1. #his )ode shall be published din the &V/$

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    . :dentification of bacteria, fungi and rickettsiae

    '. Pathogenic

    $n important aspect of bacteriology that a practicing veterinarian is expected to know. :t is animportant pre0reuisite in making an accurate diagnosis of infectious diseases. #he examinee mustreview the following topics'

    . Aescriptions, recognition and diagnosis of bacterial diseases of animals (terrestrial and auatic!.*. &athogenesis of bacterial, fungal, chlamydial, rickettsial and other diseases caused by organisms of

    unknown classification.+. Aiagnosis using bacteriological techniues. &revention (vaccination!, and control of pathogenic organisms.-. Aiagnosis, prevention and control of "oonotic diseases.

    II. Vir)*)+ %

    #he study of microorganisms smaller than bacteria that can cause harmful animal diseases arecalled viruses. #hey cannot be seen by the ordinary microscope but can be seen only by the electronmicroscope. /any of the new emerging animal disease are caused by viruses. 2everal can betransmitted to man which are called "oonoses. ?ence the veterinarian is expected to have a thoroughknowledge of the following of the topics'

    . 6ature, classification and nomenclature of viruses*. 4aboratory techniues

    *. 5lectron /icroscopy

    *.* >ltra filtration and ultra centrifugation*.+ )ultivation of viruses+. &hysical and chemical properties. Replication-. )hemotherapy1. ?ost response and resistance;. Aiagnosis and control of important harmful viral disease of economic and public

    health ("oonoses! significance in animals with emphasis in the &hilippine setting.

    III. Imm/n)*)+ %0

    #he study of natural resistance of animals and man to pathogens. #he resistance maybe natural(acuired! or artificial. #his is an important aspect of veterinary medicine the knowledge of which apracticing veterinarian must have. #he following topics are recommended for review and study'

    . :mmune responses and resistance*. $ntigens and antibodies+. :mmunoglobulins 0 physical, chemical and biological properties. ?ypersensitivity and immune response-. )ellular and humoral basis of immune response1. :mmune prophylaxis 0 vaccination and vaccines;. 5rythrocyte antigens 0 blood groups7. Aefects in the immune system

    IV. F))1 &+in 2

    $n important aspect in veterinary medicine with public health significance is food hygiene. :t isan obligation of the veterinarian to see to it that the food of animal origin meat and their by products(milk, dairy products and eggs! are safe for human consumption. $nother important public health

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    concern that is the professional responsibility of the veterinarian is meat inspection. :ncluded in thistopics are the following'

    . /icroorganisms in food and microbial growth.*. 5lements of meat hygiene+. /eat inspection 0 2laughtering procedures

    +. $nte0mortem 0 %udgment+.* &ost0mortem 0 %udgment

    . /eat processing, meat storage and distribution-. 2anitation facilities in plants1. ?$))& (?a"ard $nalysis )ritical )ontrol &oints!;. /icrobial spoilage in canned foods.7. &hysical and chemical factors affecting milk products uality including laboratory

    tests.=. )ontrol and supervision of milk production with emphasis on sanitation and hygiene.D. 3ood borne diseases 0 diagnosis and control.

    V. E3i1mi)*)+ 2

    :t is defined as the study of diseases (occurrence and distribution! in populations. 5pidemiologyhas two principal uses. :t serves as the investigative of diagnostic discipline or tool for herd medicineand its supports different forms of action against diseases. $ modern veterinary practitioner must havean up to date knowledge of epidemiology that includes'

    . Aevelopment of epidemiology*. 2cope+. >ses and functions. /ethods-. )oncepts of multifactorial causation of disease

    1. 2trategies in the study of diseases causation specially in population1. &atterns of disease occurrence1.* 2pectrum of infection1.+ &rocedures of outbreak investigation and reporting

    REFERENCES

    . 'ernard Tome2 4ean5Pierre #aillancourt2 et.al. 5d. Aictionary of Veterinary 5pidemiology.===. :owa 2tate >niversity &ress. ** 2. 2tate $ve., $mes, :owa -DD07+DD >2$.

    *. Department !dministratie 0rder (A$O! =10+;. &rocedural /anual. &hilippine 5nvironmental:mpact 2tatement (5:2!. Aepartment of 5nvironment and 6atural Resources (A56R!. ==1

    +. Di"on. =71. 5pidemiology and Aisease )ontrol ()ommunicable Aiseases!

    . Epidemiology in #eterinary Practice. ).E. 2chwabe. ?.&. Rieman, ).5. 3ranti. =;;. 4ea3ebiger. &hiladelphia, >2$.

    -. agan and 'runer3sMmicro%iology and /nfectious Diseases of Domestic !nimals. 7th ed. =77.2$.

    *

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    D.;insser3s Micro%iology. 2mith and )onant. 4atest ed. A.#. 2mith. 6.3. )onant, et al.$ppletox )entury )rofts, :nc. 6.@.

    .;oonoses and Communica%le Diseases Common to Man and !nimals. *nd 5d. &edro 6. $cha andoris 2"yfries. 2cientific &ublication 6o. -D+. &en $merican ?ealth Organi"ation. Eorld ?ealthOrgani"ation (E?O! Eashington A.). *DD+;, >2$

    &R5V:O>2 #52# 2$/&45 H>52#:O62 $6A $62E5R2

    MICROBIOLO"Y 4BACTERIOLO"Y5

    I. Bac(ri)*)+

    . Ehat is the basis for the classification ofPasteurella multocidausing )arterCs methodI a. ?emagglutination c. iochemical tests b. Aifferential media reaction 1. A++*/(ina(i)n

    *. Ehat is the causative agent of bacillary white diarrhea of chicksI a. 2almonella dublin c. 2. gallinarum

    !. S. 3/**)r/m d. 2. anatum

    +

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    +. #he following microorganisms have been implicated in the cause of bloody scours in pigs usuallyin combinations. ?owever one of them has 6O# been implicated in this disease. Ehich is thisorganismI

    a. Tr3)nma c/nic/*i c. 3usobacterum necrophorusb. acteroides vulgatus d. #reponema hyodysenteriae

    . 4eptospira icterohemorraghiae is the causative agent of one of the following diseases. Ehat is thisdiseaseI

    a. RubarthCs b. GlasserCs c. S(/((+ar(67 d. EoolsorterCs

    -. Ehich of the following 2almonella sp. is transmitted verticallyIa. Sa*m)n**a 3/**)r/m c. 2 choleraesuisb. 2 newport d. 2 anatum

    II. Vir)*)+. /easles virus of humans and rinderpest virus of cattle have shown some similar antigenicrelationship with a canine disease virus. Ehat is this virusI

    a. &arvovirus !. Di7(m3r c. ?epatitis d. Reovirus*. Ehat animal species will you encounter #eschen diseaseI

    a. Pi+7 b. Goats c. )attle d. Aogs

    +. :n the pathogenic classification of 6)A virus the velogenic strain is considered as the'a. 4east b. /oderate c. 6on0pathogenic 1. M)7(

    . Ehen is the best stage of the disease to collect specimens for viral isolationIa. ?yperacute !. Ac/( c. )hronic d. 2ubchronic

    -. Ehat disease of canines do you observe 8blue eyes9I

    a. In8c(i)/7 h3a(i(i7 c. Aistemperb. &ara0influen"a d. #racheo0bronchitis

    III. Imm/n)*)+

    . Ehat is the immunoglobulin associated with allergy and is also responsible for hypersensitiveresponseI

    a. I+E b. :gA c. :g$ d. :g/

    *. Ehat material will you use to make a vaccine to give more effective immune responseIa. 2upplementor b. $ntibiotic c. A19/:an( d. &robiotic

    +. Ehat is the most sensitive binding test to use in measuring the uantity of antibodyIa. #ertiary b. 2econdary c. Primar d. Huaternary

    . Ehich classification of hypersensitivity types does anaphylaxis belongIa. ::: b. :: c. :V 1. I

    -. #here are several kinds of ad%uvants being used to increase the immunogenecity of a vaccine. #hefollowing are examples of ad%uvants. One of them is 6O# recommended for use. Ehich is itI

    a. $luminum phosphate c. $luminum hydroxide!. Sa3)nin d. /ineral oil

    IV. F))1 &+in. Ehat is the smell of a product that is spoiled by the 4actobacillusI

    a. $crid b. &utrid c. S)/r d. Rancid

    *. Ehich of the following tests is used to measure the amount of fat in milkIa. ?ehner !. Ba!c)c; c. Eode d. ?otis

    +. Ehat condition in man will be produced when there is a continuous use of the preservatives,nitrites or nitratesI

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    a. $nomalies b. Gastroenteritis c. /utagenecity 1. Carcin)ma

    . Ehat is the black mold responsible for the spoilage of breadIa. $ltenaria tenuis c. $manita phalloideb. otytis cineriea 1. A73r+i**/7 ni+r

    -. Ehen amidol test is used in detecting unauthori"ed food preservatives, what preservative is beingtestedI

    a. )hloroform b. 6itrate c. 6itrite 1. F)rma*in

    V. E3i1mi)*)+

    . Ehat is the "oonotic classification of arbovirus infectionsIa. 2appro"oonoses c. )yclo"oonosesb. Airect "oonoses 1. M(a

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    2>rinary7. Genital (male and female!=. 5ndocrineD. 6ervous. Organ of special sense*. 6utritional deficiencies

    III. C*inica* Pa(h)*)+ #0:n disease processes chemical alterations are produced in a sick animal. $ good clinician should

    always resort to laboratory methods to arrive at an accurate diagnosis. #he following laboratoryexaminations are going to be helpful to the veterinarian and therefore must be studied and reviewed.

    . &reparations, collection, preservations and transport of specimens from bacterial, viral and parasiticdiseases.

    *. #oxicology+. ?ematology 0 techniues for examinations. )linical chemistry-. )linical en"ymology1. Eater, electrolytes and acid base balance;. 2ynovial fluids and miscellaneous fluids7. 3unction tests for organs

    1

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    =. )erebrospinal fluidsD. /icrobiological diagnosis. $vian clinical pathology

    REFERENCES. *ood !nimal Pathology and Meat ygiene. ==. Eith 2ection on ?a"ad $nalysis )ritical

    )ontrol &oints (?$))&! Arago )arl ?erenda and Aon $. 3ranco. /osby @ear ook 2t. 4ouise,altimore. oston, )hicago, 4ondo, &hiladelphia.

    *. ,eneral Pathology. R.G. #homson =;7, E.. 2aunders )O. &hiladelphia. 4ocally available.

    +. istopathology. #homas, ). =7=. .). Aecker, :nc. #oronto and &hiladelphia.

    . Pathology of Domestic !nimals. 5dited by A.). 2$

    -. Principles of #eterinary Pathology. R.$. Runnells, E.2. /onlux and $.E. /onlux. 4atest ed.:owa >niversity &ress. $mes :owa, >2$.

    1. Te&t%oo) of Comparatie ,eneral Pathology. ==D. *nd 5d. 5d. y Aavid O. 2lauson and arry2$.

    7. #eterinary Clinical Pathology. 5.?. )oles. =71. E.. 2aunders )o. &hiladelphia, >2$ (4ocally$vailable!.

    =. #eterinary La%oratory Medicine. =7. Auncan,

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    &R5V:O>2 #52# 2$/&45 H>52#:O62 $6A $62E5R2

    PAT&OLO"Y

    I. "nra*

    . Ehat structure in the cell is the metabolic center for forming new or breaking down newcompoundsI

    a. /itochondria!. Sm))(h n1)3*a7mic r(ic/*/mc. Rough endoplasmic reticulumd. Golgi apparatus

    *. Ehat do you call these inflammatory cells that resemble the prickle cells of the suamousepitheliumI

    a. E3i(h*)i17 c. &lasma cellsb. 6eutrophils d. /acrophages

    +. Ehich of the following anomalies does 6O# belong to the groupIa. $plasia c. $tresiab. ?ypoplasia 1. &3r3*a7ia

    . Ehat will be the result if the proteins (colloids! are depleted in the capillary systemIa. Aecrease of tissue fluid c. Aehydration!. Incra7 )8 (i77/ 8*/i1 d. )apillary hemorrhage

    -. Ehat is the pathological term when the normal body opening is absentIa. ?ypoplasia c. $genesisb. $plasia 1. A(r7ia

    II. S7(mic

    . :mproper disposal of fecal material in a poultry or piggery farm will produce poisonous gases andwill cause the following pathological lesions'

    0 pulmonary edema0 hyperemia0 catarrhal inflammation of the air passagesEhat gas will produce these lesionsIa. &%S c. )Ob. )O* d. )l

    *. $ young pig died within a few hours. >pon necropsy you found the following cardiac andpulmonary lesions'

    0 edema with spotted hemorrhages0 round shape heart0 pulmonary edemaEhat will be your pathologic diagnosisIa. M/*!rr har( 1i7a7 c. 2haggy heart diseaseb. /yocarditis d. #iger heart disease

    +. :n what species of animals is gastric ulcers often encounteredIa. 2heep !. Pi+7 c. Aogs d. )attle

    . :n what species of animals is perosis commonly seenIa. )anine !. A:ian c. &orcine d. ovine

    -. Ehat will be the result of Jn deficiency in pigsIa. Ayskeratosis b. 3luorosis c. ?yperkeratosis 1. Para;ra()7i7

    III. C*inica*

    . &rolonged clotting time is an indication of a severe disease in which of the following organsI

    7

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    a. one marrow b. ?eart c. Li:r d. 2pleen

    *. Ehich of the following blood picture in 6O# correct when describing an unfavorable prognosisIa. Tm3)rar incra7 )8 m)n)c(7b. &ersistent lymphopeniac. $bsence of eosinophilsd. &resence of toxic neutrophils

    +. Ehich of the following elements will trigger the action of calcitoninIa. :ron !. Ca*ci/m c. &hosphorus d. /anganese

    . Ehich is the most expensive among the following anticoagulantsIa. 6a oxalate b. 6a fluoride c. &3arin d. 5A#$

    -. Ehat species of animal will 52R be useful in a preliminary diagnosis of diseaseIa. )attle b. 2heep c. &ig 1. D)+

    =

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    2>

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    *. $ DL solution of sodium chloride contains'a. 20 +m in 200 m* c. D mg in DD mlb. D gm in D ml d. D gm in DDD ml

    +. On which muscle tissues will acetylcholine evoke excitatory responseIa. Sm))(h m/7c*7 )8 (h "I (rac(b. /yocardiumc. Vascular smooth musclesd. $trioventricular node

    . ?ow does atropine acts on the parasympathetic nervous systemIa. C)m3(i(i: an(a+)ni7m )8 ac(*ch)*inb. Aepresses formation of acetylcholinec. 5nhances formation of cholinesterased. 2timulates adrenergic activity

    -. $lpha0adrenergic receptors in the medullary part of the brain when stimulated will produce'a. A 1cra7 in !*))1 3r77/r an1 !ra1car1iab. $n elevation of blood pressure and tachycardiac. Vasoconstriction and bradycardiad. $ vasodilatation and tachycardia

    II. C*inica* Pharmac)*)+

    . #he following infections are correctly paired with effective antimicrobial therapy, except'a. T(an/7 - )?((rac*in

    b. 2almonellosis 0 chloramphenicolc. 5hrlichiosis 0 doxycyclined. /ycoplasmosis 0 tylosin

    *. :f an animal patient has a history of penicillin allergy, which of the following anit0 infectives isan appropriate replacementI

    a. Er(hr)mcin c. Aoxycyclineb. Gentamicin d. )iprofloxacin

    +. Arug of choice for congestive heart failure'a. Di+i(a*i7 c. $tropineb. Huinidine sulfate d. &rocainamide hydrochloride

    . )hronic use of this therapeutic agent may cause vitamins $, A, 5 and deficiency'a. Minra* )i* c. )hloramphenicolb. #etracycline d. 4incomycin

    -. #he following conditions or drugs have been correctly paired with their appropriate antidotes orspecific remedies, except'

    a. &a*)(han - 3in3hrinb. /orphine overdose 0 naloxonec. Myla"ine overdose 0 yohimbined. Respiratory arrest during anesthesia 0 doxopram

    *

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    2>

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    +. Ehich group of substance will cause skeletal muscle relaxationIa. Nic)(inic an(a+)ni7( c. $drenergic antagonistb. /uscarinic antagonist d. Aopanergic antagonist

    . :f the vagus nerve is severed, which of the following conditions will occurIa. M):mn( )8 8))1 (hr)/+h "I (rac( i** 7*) 1)nb. Aifficulty breathingc. heart rate will decreased. 2keletal muscle weakness

    -. Ehat is the p? range of blood compatible with normal lifeIa. .0 - .$ c. 7.D 0 7.-b. 1.* 0 1.7 d. =.D 0 *.D

    II. S7(mic Ph7i)*)+

    . Ehich of these respiratory functions prevents over0distention of the lungsIa. &rrin+-Br/r in8*a(i)n r8*?b. )heyne02tokes respirationc. )arbon dioxide blood level maintenanced. ?erring0reuer deflation reflex

    *. #he ma%or stimulus in the si"e and muscular development of the rumeno0reticulum in ruminants is'a. B/*; 88c( )8 r)/+ha+b. Generous amount of milk ingested after colostral absorptionc. &rofuse salivary secretions at the start of solid food ingestiond. Volatile fatty acids at the start of microbial fermentation

    +. #he absence of this in the muscular stomach of the bird will cause the digestion of hard foodslower.

    a. "ri( c. ?ydrochloric acidb. 5n"yme d. 2aliva

    . #he principal organ responsible for gluconeogenesis is the'a. Li:r c. idneyb. 2pleen d. :ntestines

    -. Ehich of the following statement is correct concerning the baroreflex mechanismsIa. Ac/( incra7 in ar(ria* 3r77/r i** ca/7 a 1cra7 in har( ra(b. $cute changes in arterial pressure do not alter heart ratec. $cute decrease in arterial pressure cause arterial vasodilationd. $cute decrease in arterial pressure cause a decrease in heart rate

    III. En1)crin)*)+ An1 R3r)1/c(i: Ph7i)*)+

    . #he most significant physiologic change following the removal of adrenal glands in mammals is'a. Ri7 in !*))1 3)(a77i/m c)ncn(ra(i)n an1 mar;1 7)1i/m ?cr(i)nb. :ncreased in blood bicarbonate level

    c. ?ypertensiond. :ncreased body hydration

    *. Ehich group of agents are collectively known as catecholaminesIa. E3in3hrin, 1)3amin, n)r3in3hrinb. 6orephinephrine, dopamine, acetylcholinec. 5pinephrine, dopamine, serotonind. Aopamine, adrenocorticotrophin, norepinephrine

    *+

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    +. Ehich of the following hormones stimulates the 4eydig cells of the testis to produce testosteroneIa. L/(ini

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    2>niversity.Diseases of Swine. 1th ed. ==D. 4eman, $.A., et al. :owa 2tate >niversity &ress, $mes, :owa,

    >2$.

    *-

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    *.Diseases Transmitted from !nimals to Man. =;-. ?uber, E.#., et al. )harles ). #homas,2pringfield, :llinois, >2$.

    +.Large !nimal Surgery. th ed. =7D. Oehme K &rier. Eilliams K Eilkings, altimore..Manual of E$uine Practice. ==+. Rose K ?odgson. E.. 2aunder )o., &hiladelphia.-. The Merc) #eterinary Manual. 7th ed. ==;. $iello, 2.5., et.al. /erk K )o., :nc., Ehitehouse

    2tation, 6ew 2$.1. &hilippine )ode of Veterinary 5thics. &hilippine Veterinary $ssociation.;. #eterinary 0%stetrics and ,enital Diseases, *nd ed. ==. Roberts. :thaca, 6ew @ork, >2$.7.;oo and (ild !nimal Medicine. =;7. 3owler. E.. 2aunders )o., &hiladelphia.

    &R5V:O>2 #52# 2$/&45 H>52#:O62 $6A $62E5R2

    MEDICINE AND SUR"ERY

    I. Pr:n(i)n O8 Di7a77 O8 D)m7(ic Anima*7

    . Osteoporosis in sows and gilts can be effectively prevented by'a. A1/a( n/(ri(i)n an1 1i(b. $deuate exposure to sunc. $deuate and comfortable farrowing cratesd. 2elective breeding

    *. 4ymphoid leukosis (avian leukosis! in a chicken breeder farm could be eradicated by'a. E*imina(i)n )8 ++ (ran7mi77i)n an1 i7)*a(i)n rarin+b. &roviding adeuate energy feeds

    c. $ntibiotic feed additivesd. Regular vaccination

    +. :t is not advisable to sub%ect a cow to general anesthesia because of the serious risk from'a. B*)a(b. 3oreign body pneumoniac. $tony of the urinary bladderd. &aralysis of the hind limbs

    *1

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    . Ehy is it necessary to infiltrate the bite wound inflicted by a rabid dog with hyperimmune serumat the start of post exposure vaccination in humanI

    a. Ra!i7 :ir/7 7(a7 a( (h 7i( )8 !i( )/n1 8)r a hi* an1 r3*ica(b. :t promotes the healing of woundc. :t reduces the paind. :t enhances the antigenicity of the vaccine simultaneously given.

    -. Ehich of the following measures is the safest thing to do on a carcass of an animal that diedfrom anthraxI

    a. B/r i( 13*b. urn itc. utcher it and sub%ect it to rendering machine for animal feedd. Open it and generously pour potent disinfectant

    II. Dia+n)7i7 O8 Di7a77 O8 D)m7(ic Anima*7

    . Ehat is the significance of the absence of urobilirogen from the intestinal content of an ictericanimalI

    a. Bi*iar )!7(r/c(i)n c. ?emolytic anemiab. 4iver cirrhosis d. ?epatic necrosis

    *. $n animal suffering from viral infection most likely show which significant blood cell changeIa. Lm3h)3nia c. 5osinophiliab. :ncreased target cell d. 6eutrophilia

    +. Ehich of the following conditions will you associate high serum lipase and serum amylaselevelI

    a. Pancra(ic 1i7a7 c. idney ailmentb. 4iver necrosis d. /usculoskeletal disease

    . :dentify which animal is suffering from some form of immuno0deficiencyIa. A 1)+ i(h 1m)1c(ic man+ an1 c)nc/rrn( can1i1ia7i7b. $ horse suffering from impacted colonc. $ cow down with grass tetanyd. $ piglet with atresia ani

    -. /ost accurate diagnosis of acute myocarditis can be obtained by'a. E*c(r)car1i)+ra3h c. Radiographyb. &ercussion d. $uscultation

    III. Tra(mn( O8 Di7a77 O8 D)m7(ic Anima*7

    . $ circumscribed suamous0cell carcinoma on the free margin of the nictitans in a cow is besttreated by'

    a. E?ci7i)n )8 (h a88c(1 3)r(i)n )8 nic(i(an7 inc*/1in+ a n)rma* mar+in )8 (hcar(i*a+b. Radiation therapyc. )omplete avulsion of the affected eyeballd. 2ubcon%unctival enucleation

    *. &ost parturient eclampsia in a bitch is most responsive to which medicationI

    a. Ca*ci/m +*/c)na( c. &hynytoinb. Aia"epam d. &otassium chloride

    +. Ehich of the following therapeutic regimen will you avoid when treating laminitis in horseIa. A1mini7(ra(i)n )8 1?am(ha7)nb. $dministration of phenylbuta"onec. )orrection of endotoxind. $dministration of dimethyl sulfoxide in saline solution :V

    *;

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    . Ehich of the following in%uries will you treat first on a cat involved in vehicular accidentIa. R/3(/r1 /rinar !*a11r c. 2evere muscle bruisingb. 3emoral bone fracture d. 2kin laceration

    -. :f you are not sure of the location of lesion in the abdominal cavity, the most appropriate incisionfor exploratory surgery is'

    a. Vn(ra* mi1*in c. &aralumbarb. 3lank d. &aramedian

    IV. O!7((ric7 An1 "nc)*)+. #he best contraceptive for a cot not intended for breeding is'

    a. O:ari)h7(rc()m c. $ndrogen in%ectionb. &rogesterone in%ection d. 5strogen in%ection

    *. #his drug of choice in inducing parturition in a mare is ineffective in a cow'a. O?()cin c. Relaxinb. Aexamethasone d. &rostaglandin 3*

    +. 3etotomy operation is primarily indicated to'a. R1/c (h 7i

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    *. Ehich of the following veterinary practice constitute an unlawful actIa. Ca7(ra(in+ a ca( i(h)/( (h /7 )8 an7(h(icb. >nderchargingc. $ssailing the reputation of a fellow practitionerd. elittling the competence of a fellow practitioner

    +. $ny race horse imported from foreign country will be placed under uarantine for how many daysIa. #0 1a7 c. DD daysb. 1D days d. + weeks

    . #he generic act of =77 banned this drug in food animals'a. Ch*)ram3hnic)* c. /alathionb. :midocarb dipropionate d. &henobarbital

    -. #he 5xecutive Order 1*1 or the carabao slaughter ban only permits the slaughter of carabaosbeyond'

    a. 22 ar7 8)r 8ma* an1 ar7 8)r ma*b. - years for female and years for malec. + years for female and D years for male

    d. - years for female and + years for male

    2>

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    +. Aigestive. Respiratory-. lood vessels, nervous and lymphatic systems1. 2ense organs and special organs;. $utonomic, peripheral and central nervous system classified based on

    functional components7. >ro0genital system

    . &arts :mportant in 2urgery, Obstetrics, )linical 5xamination and &hysical Aiagnosisof Aiseases of the Aog

    II. C)m3ara(i: Ana()m 4#5

    $. $natomical Aifferences. &arts for 5pidural and &aralumbar $nesthesia). $ge AeterminationA. reeds and )olor5. 2ites for &ulse0taking and various types of in%ections (subcutaneous, intramuscular

    and intravenous!3. 4ymph 6odes important for meat inspectionG. $cupuncture sites?. Radiographic anatomy

    III. Em!r)*)+ 425

    !. The early stages of deelopment of %irds and mammals according to:. Aerivatives*. )oncepts and mechanisms of development+. 5xtra0embryonic membranes and placentations

    . &rocesses of congenital malformations and terratogens

    Aevelopment of the following 2ystems'a. 6ervous 2ystems 0 )entral, &eripheral and $utonomicb. 2keletal and /uscularc. )ardiovasculard. Aigestivee. Respiratoryf. >ro0genital

    IV. &i7()*)+ 425

    $. /icroscopic $natomy of Aomestic $nimals. 2tructure*. 3unctions

    REFERENCES

    . !tlas of Topographical !natomy of the Domestic !nimalby &opesko*. Du)e3s Physiology of Domestic !nimals. 2wenson, /elvin niversity &ress, =;;, =th

    ed.+. Early Em%ryology of the Chic). &atten.

    . Em%ryology of Domestic !nimals. =7-. 6oden and dela ?unta.-. Em%ryology of the Pig.=;. &atten.1. ,uide to the Dissection of the Ruminantsby R.5. ?abel;. Millers ,uide to the Dissection of the Dogby 5vans and dela ?unta7. Pig anatomy and !tlasby E.O. 2ack=. Rooney3s ,uide to the Dissection of the orseby E.O. 2ack or R.5. ?abelD. Sisson and ,rossman3s The !natomy of the Domestic !nimalby Getty.. Te&t%oo) of #eterinary !natomyby Ayce, 2ack and Eensing.*. #eterinary 1euroanatomy and Clinical 1eurology by Ayce, 2ack and Eensing

    +D

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    &R5V:O>2 #52#, 2$/&45 H>52#:O62 $6A $62E5R2

    ANATOMY

    I. Ana()m O8 Th D)+

    . :f a dog is stabbed with a sharp ob%ect at the middle of the th intercostal space and penetratedthe lung, which of these tissue layers is sparedI

    a. &ulmonary pleura c. M1ia7(ina* 3ari(a* 3*/rab. )ostal parietal pleura d. :nternal intercostal muscle

    *. #his muscle in the dog in 6O# cut when the pelvic limb is amputated at the stifle %oint'a. 2uperficial digital flexor c. Ti!ia*i7 crania*i7b. 4ong digital extensor d. Gastrocnemius

    +. :t is not a feature of the dogCs scapulaa. $cromion c. Glenoid cavityb. )oracoid process 1. Anc)na* cra7(

    . $ deep wound involving the distal part of the lateral head of the triceps brachii damages the'a. >lnar nerve c. /edian nerveb. $xillary nerve 1. Ra1ia* nr:

    -. Ehich of these statements is anatomically :6)ORR5)# in the dogIa. #he right kidney is more cranial in location than the left kidney.b. #he right adrenal gland is between the caudal vena cava and the caudate lobe of

    the liver

    +

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    c. Th rna* m1/**a c)n(ain7 3rimari* rna* c)r3/7c*7 an1 c)n:)*/(13)r(i)n7 )8 (h rna* (/!/*7d. #he expanded proximal part of the ureter is the renal pelvis.

    II. C)m3ara(i: Ana()m

    . :n severe fungal infection of the guttural pouch in the horse, there is usually an epistaxis observed inthe affected animal. 5pistaxis could be due to ruptured'

    a. 4inguofacial trunk c. :nternal maxillary veinb. )ommon carotid artery 1. E?(rna* car)(i1 ar(r

    *. #his is avoided when administering drug below the external ear in the pig'a. 4ateral retropharyngeal lymph node!. Par)(i1 +*an1c. #hymusd. &arotid lymph node

    +. Ehich of these animals have renal calicesIa. Ox and horse c. Pi+ an1 )?b. Aog and pig d. )hicken and duck

    . $side from the pig, the papillary process of the liver is also missing in the'a. Aog c. &)r7b. )arabao d. Goat

    -. 4igating the internal pudendal artery will affect blood supply to the'a. 4arge intestine c. #ailb. ?ind limbs 1. Pni7

    III. Em!r)*)+

    . #his malformation is generally caused by viral infectionsa. )erebellar abiotrophy c. Cr!**ar h3)3*a7ia an1 a(r)3hb. ?ydranencepahly d. ?ydrocephalus

    *. #he number of tissue layers in the fetal part of the placenta isa. * c. #b. d.

    +. Ehich type of placenta is present in the cowIa. Jonary c. C)(*1)narb. Aiffuse d. Aiscoid

    . :n the early development of the brain, there are three brain vesicles. #hese are the following5M)5'

    a. &rosencephalon c. /esencepahlonb. Rhombencephalon 1. Dinc3ha*)n7

    -. #his tooth is mostly commonly involved with root abscesses'a. >pper st premolar tooth c. 4ower th premolar tooth

    !. U33r =(h 3rm)*ar d. 4ower st premolar tooth

    IV. &i7()*)+

    . Ehich of the 3ollowing structures does 6O# contain an erectile tissueIa. Respiratory mucosa c. &enile urethra!. Va7 18rn7 d. )litoris

    *. Ehich cells secrete renninI

    +*

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    a. )hief cells c. /acula densab. &arietal cells 1. J/?(a+*)mr/*ar c**7

    +. :n which layer of the retina do light stimuli set up a series of nerve impulses for transmission to thebrainI

    a. Lar )8 r)17 an1 c)n7 c. :nner nuclear layerb. Optic nerve fiber layer d. &igmented cell layer

    . Ehich neuron has one axon and many dendritesa. >nipolar c. M/*(i3)*arb. &seudonipolar d. ipolar

    -. :t is during this stage wherein each ell or cell line attains and expresses a stable phenotypea. &atterning c. /orphogenesis!. C()1i88rn(ia(i)n d. Growth

    ++

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    2>

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    &R5V:O>2 #52# H>52#:O62 $6A $62E5R2

    PARASITOLO"Y

    I. Im3)r(an( Ar(hr)3)17 O8 D)m7(ic Anima*7, Thir Bi)*)+, Pa(h)+nci(,Tran7mi77i)n An1 C)n(r)* Or1r Ma**)3ha+a, C/**ici1a, Ma7i7 F*i7, S/c;in+ An1

    Bi(in+ Lic O8 Mamma*7, Bi(in+ Lic O8 P)/*(r, Mi(7 An1 Tic;7.

    . :t is the transmitter of!egyptianella pulloruma. :xodes ricinus c. Ornithonyssus bursab. Aermanyssus gallinae 1. Ar+a7 3r7ic/7

    *. #ick infestation in dogs may be controlled by any of the following except'a. 4indane c. Aichlorvos!. Ami(ra< d. )arbaryl

    +. Ehat is known as the canine chewing louseIa. 4inognathus setosus c. Trich)1c(7 cani7b. Aemodex canis d. )tenocephalides canis

    . #he basal %oins of the pedipalps of arachnids are called'

    +-

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    a. &rosoma c. "na(h)!a77b. )helicerae d. Opisthosoma

    -. Ehere does the female Sarcoptes sca%ieilay its eggsIa. On the skin c. On the ground!. Un1rna(h (h 7;in d. ?air shaft

    II. Im3)r(an( Pr)()

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    . $ filariform worm which is usually found in nodules on the brisket and hindlimbs of cattle in$sia'

    a. Onchocerca reticulata c. Onch)crca +i!7)nib. Onchocerca raillieti d. Onchocerca cervicalis

    *. #he hookworm affecting foxes is'a. Uncinaria 7(n)c3ha*a c. $ncylostoma caninumb. >ncinaria caninum d. $ncylostoma intestinale

    +. #he following are signs of parasitic disease in reptiles 5M)5'a. Diarrha c. )ontinued weight lossb. 4ethargy d. :nappetence

    V. Para7i(7 O8 Fi7h7 An1 O(hr A/a(ic Anima*7. #he coccidian species causing enterities in goldfish is'

    a. 5imeria cyprini c. Eimria 7/!3i(h*ia7i7b. 5imeria carpi d. 5imeria ischii

    *. Ehich of the following fish proto"oa has been reported in the &hilippinesIa. $myuloodinium carpi c. )ryptobia cyprini!. Cr3()!ia !rachia*i7 d. )ryptobia borreli

    2>nder this sub%ect is included the scientific and professional production of terrestrial and auaticfood animals. #he production of companion and animals for sport and pleasure are included in thisdiscipline. Ehile uantity production is the ob%ective, uality in terms of good health and safety from

    the consumerCs standpoint should likewise be emphasi"ed. #hese considerations are what differs"ootechnics from animal science and animal husbandry.

    I. Princi3*7 )8 Anima* Br1in+, S*c(i)n an1 Im3r):mn( 4205$. #ype, reeds, reeding, Reproduction and :mprovement &rinciples of 3arm$nimals. &rinciples of Variations in 5conomic #raits in 3arm $nimals). &rinciples of 2election of 2uperior reeding 2tocks

    I. Princi3*7 )8 Anima* Br1in+, S*c(i)n an1 Im3r):mn( 4205$. Aigestion &hysiology and 3eed 5fficiency )onversion. )omposition, 3unction to $nalysis of 3eed 6utrients and 3eedstuffs). 3eed 3ormulation and 3eeding 2tandardsA. ?ealth &rograms, ?ousing and 3acilities

    III. Ca((*, Cara!a), Sma** R/minan( Pr)1/c(i)n 425$. reeds, reeding and 2election &rinciples. Reproduction, #rends and Aevelopment). 6utrition, )are and ?erd /anagement

    IV. Sin Pr)1/c(i)n an1 Mana+mn( 425$. reeds, reeding and 2election &rinciples. Reproduction, #rends and Aevelopment

    ). 6utrition, )are and ?erd /anagement

    V. P)/*(r Pr)1/c(i)n an1 Mana+mn( 425$. reeds, 2tock 2election and Reproduction &hysiology of the )hicken. 6utrition, &roduction and /anagement &rinciples at Aifferent 2tages). ?ealth &rograms

    VI. E/in Pr)1/c(i)n an1 Mana+mn( 425$. reeding and 2election &rinciples

    +;

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    . 6utrition, )are, /anagement, ehavior and #raining &rinciples). ?ealth &rograms

    VI. E/in Pr)1/c(i)n an1 Mana+mn( 425$. 6utrition and )are /anagement &rinciples. ?ealth &rograms

    VIII. R7(rain( )8 Anima*7 45

    REFERENCES

    . !nimal 1utritionby /aynard, 4.$., 4oosli, #.. ?it", ?.3. and Earner, R.G. ;th ed.*. !nimal Science and /ndustry. ==. $cher, A and )unningham, /.+. !pplied !nimal 1utritionby )heedks, R. ==. 'eef Cattle Production. 4esley,

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    &R5V:O>2 #52# 2$/&45 H>52#:O62 $6A $62E5R2OOTEC&NICS

    I. Princi3*7 )8 anima* Br1in+, S*c(i)n an1 Im3r):mn(

    . #he rate of improvement in a herd or breed in dependent on the following 5M)5'a. #he genetic association among traits upon which selection is basedb. #he difference between selected individuals and the average of the herd or groupfrom which they comec. #he average age of parents when the offspring are born1. Th 3rcn(a+ )8 )!7r:1 1i88rnc7 !(n anima*7 (ha( i7 1/n:ir)nmn(.

    *. :t refers to the 8amount9 by which the offspring exceeds the mean of both parents'a. ?etero"ygosity c. ?ybridb. 6one of these 1. &!ri1 :i+)r

    II. Princi3*7 )8 Anima* N/(ri(i)n, Anima* Pr)1/c(i)n an1 &a*(h Pr)+ram7

    . Ehat is the reuired crude protein percentage of a dairy cow in early lactationIa. **L c. 2b. *L d. -L

    *. Ehat is measured in a bomb calorimeterIa. ?eat energy c. Aigestible energy!. "r)77 nr+ d. /etaboli"ed energy

    +. :t is the most important vitamin reuired in cattle rationsa. Vitamin ) c. Vi(amin A

    b. Vitamin 5 d. Vitamin A

    . $ chromic dermatitis with scaly skin and a thinning of the hair coat with rough appearance inprimates is caused by a deficiency of'

    a. 6iacin c. Bi)(inb. 3olic acid d. &antothenic acid

    -. 2alivary amylase acts on starch to produce'a. Glucose c. Galactoseb. 2ucrose 1. Ma*()7

    III. Ca((*, Cara!a), Sma** R/minan( Pr)1/c(i)n

    . $ normal carrying capacity of an undeveloped pasture is'a. 2 c) 3r hc(ar c. D cows per hectareb. +D cows per hectare d. *D cows per hectare

    *. #he floor space reuirement for buck is'a. +.- s.m. c. .- s.m.!. %.$ 7.m. d. .= s.m.

    +. :f a ewe is bred on

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    *. $ *D0kg pig has to be fed 1L protein ration. )orn containing 7.=L protein and a +1L proteinsupplement are available. Ehat percent of the ration should consist of corn and the +1L proteinsupplementI

    a. *.7L corn and ;-.*L supplementb. ;+.7L corn and *1.*L supplementc. ;-.*L corn and *.7L supplement1. #.$ c)rn an1 %>.% 7/33*mn(

    +. Ehich of the following traits in swine has the lowest percentage of heritabilityIa. 4itter weight at weaning c. 4itter si"e at weaning!. Bir(h i+h( )8 3i+7 d. Aaily gain from weaning to marketing

    . ?andling and transport of animals in the &hilippines are now regulated by the passage of the NNNN.a. Veterinary &ractice $ct c. $griculture and 3isheries /oderni"ation $ctb. $ll of these 1. Anima* '*8ar Ac(

    -. $ pig consumed *7D kgs of feed to reach =D kgs from its starting weight of - kgs. Ehat is itsfeed conversion ratio (3)R!I

    a. .D b. +.1 c. #.# d. +.

    V. P)/*(r Pr)1/c(i)n an1 Mana+mn(

    . Ehen should culling of chickens take placeIa. efore the laying period c. Auring transfer to the laying houseb. $fter the laying period 1. Thr)/+h)/( (h ar

    *. )hange from a starter ration to a growing ration occurs when chicks are'a. weeks old c. D weeks oldb. 7 weeks old 1. > ;7 )*1

    +. Ehat is the average culling percentage of a laying flock under normal conditionsIa. % c. *DLb. DL d. +DL

    . >se of trapnests is a way of'a. Ma7/rin+ ++ 3r)1/c(i)n c. /atingb. /easuring feed intake d. )ulling

    -. $ bird whose ovaries have been removed is called a'a. 2lip c. P)/*ar1b. )apon d. &ullet

    VI. E/in Pr)1/c(i)n an1 Mana+mn(

    . ecause of the limited bacterial action in the horse, this is not used in horse rationsa. Ura c. 4ysineb. 2lat d. &hosphorus

    *. $ smooth mouthed horse is NNNN years of age.a. - c. 7b. D 1. 2%

    +. /ares usually stay in heat for'a. 0* days c. D0 days!. #- 1a7 d. ;0D days

    . #he freuency of mating of a +0year old stallion should be'a. + servicesFweek c. 2 7r:icG1ab. *0+ servicesFday d. * serviceFweek

    VII. )) an1 E?)(ic Anima*7 Mana+mn(

    D

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    . #he following are breed of rabbit 5M)5'a. ?arleuin c. A/7(ra*ian 'hi(b. 5nglish $ngora d. 6ew Jealand Ehite