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Taxonomy Taxonomy Understanding Understanding relationships relationships

Taxonomy Understanding relationships. Classification Scheme Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus species Class Order Family Genus Family Phylum Class

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TaxonomyTaxonomy

Understanding relationshipsUnderstanding relationships

Classification SchemeClassification Scheme

Kingdom

Phylum Phylum Phylum

Class Class Class Class Class

Order Order

Order

Family

Family

Family

Family

Genus Genus

species

Five Kingdom SystemFive Kingdom System

Moneran-Moneran-bacteria & bacteria & blue-green algaeblue-green algae

Prokaryote, cell wall, Prokaryote, cell wall, unicell, plasmid, asexual unicell, plasmid, asexual reproduction, reproduction,

E. Coli, Anabeana, E. Coli, Anabeana, bacillus, spirillus, cocci, bacillus, spirillus, cocci,

Protist-Protist-Algae,Algae, ProtozoansProtozoans

Eukaryote, unicell, “catch-Eukaryote, unicell, “catch-all,” lack tissues, asexual all,” lack tissues, asexual reproduction or notreproduction or not

Amoeba, Paramecium,Amoeba, Paramecium,

VolvoxVolvox

Fungus-Fungus-Mushrooms, Mushrooms, molds, smut, yeastmolds, smut, yeast

Cell wall of chitin, Cell wall of chitin, heterotrophheterotroph

Truffles, bread mold, corn Truffles, bread mold, corn smut, smut,

Plant-Plant-vascular & non-vascular & non-vascularvascular

Cellulose cell wall, Cellulose cell wall, chlorophyll, multicellular, chlorophyll, multicellular, sexual reproductionsexual reproduction

White pine, Trillium, water White pine, Trillium, water lily, lily,

Animal-Animal-vertebratesvertebrates & & invertebratesinvertebrates

Lack cell wall, motile, Lack cell wall, motile, heterotroph, sexual heterotroph, sexual reproduction, reproduction,

Earthworm, sponge, coral, Earthworm, sponge, coral, sea bass, humansea bass, human

Dichotomous Key for KingdomsDichotomous Key for Kingdoms

1. A. Cell wall present..............go to 21. A. Cell wall present..............go to 2

B. Cell wall absent...............go to 3B. Cell wall absent...............go to 3

2. A. Cell wall made of cellulose...go to 52. A. Cell wall made of cellulose...go to 5

B. Cell wall not made of cellulose...go to 4B. Cell wall not made of cellulose...go to 4

3. A. Tissues absent......Protista3. A. Tissues absent......Protista

B. Tissues present.....AnimaliaB. Tissues present.....Animalia

4. A. Prokaryote.............Moneran4. A. Prokaryote.............Moneran

B. Eukaryote.............FungusB. Eukaryote.............Fungus

5. A. Tissues present.......Plant5. A. Tissues present.......Plant

B. Tissues absent........ProtistaB. Tissues absent........Protista

Phyla of AnimaliaPhyla of AnimaliaPoriferaPorifera

(Sponges)(Sponges)

Radial symmetry, Radial symmetry, spongin, pores, spongin, pores, two cell layerstwo cell layers

CnidarianCnidarian

(coral, jellyfish)(coral, jellyfish)

Colonial, radial, Colonial, radial, nematocysts, polyp, nematocysts, polyp, medusa, 2 c.l. + jelly medusa, 2 c.l. + jelly

CtenophoraCtenophora

(comb jellies)(comb jellies)

Comb plates with Comb plates with ciliacilia

PlatyhelminthesPlatyhelminthes

(Flatworms)(Flatworms)

Three c.l., two-way Three c.l., two-way digestion,digestion,

Bilateral symmetryBilateral symmetry

Three classes of platyhelminthes:Three classes of platyhelminthes:Turbellaria, Trematoda, CestodaTurbellaria, Trematoda, Cestoda

Phyla of Animals, con’tPhyla of Animals, con’t

NematodaNematoda

roundwormroundworm

3 c.l., one-way digestion, 3 c.l., one-way digestion,

RotiferaRotifera Motile, cilia form a wheel Motile, cilia form a wheel around moutharound mouth

ArthropodsArthropods Chitin exoskeleton, Jointed appendages, advanced Chitin exoskeleton, Jointed appendages, advanced sensory system, antennae, eyes have many lenses, sensory system, antennae, eyes have many lenses, hearing, distinct body regions, open circulatoryhearing, distinct body regions, open circulatory

AnnelidaAnnelida

Classes of ArthropodsClasses of Arthropods

Diplopoda (millipedes)Diplopoda (millipedes) Two pair legs/segmentTwo pair legs/segment

Chilopoda (centipedes)Chilopoda (centipedes) One pair/segmentOne pair/segment POISONOUSPOISONOUS

ArachnidsArachnids Two body partsTwo body parts Eight legsEight legs spinneretsspinnerets

More Arthropod ClassesMore Arthropod Classes

CrustaceansCrustaceans Fused cephalothoraxFused cephalothorax SwimmeretsSwimmerets Marine & freshwaterMarine & freshwater GillsGills AntennaeAntennae Examples, lobster, shrimp, barnacles, crabsExamples, lobster, shrimp, barnacles, crabs Five pairs of legs (claws)Five pairs of legs (claws)

InsectInsect 3 body regions-head, thorax, abdomen3 body regions-head, thorax, abdomen Three pairs of legsThree pairs of legs Tympanum (ear in thorax)Tympanum (ear in thorax) trachea trachea

Phylum RotiferPhylum Rotifer

Hookworm Life CycleHookworm Life Cycle

Phylum MolluscaPhylum Mollusca

MantleMantle One-way digestionOne-way digestion Exoskeleton of calcium Exoskeleton of calcium

carbonate (or not)carbonate (or not) Move by muscular footMove by muscular foot SiphonSiphon GillsGills Filter feedersFilter feeders RadulaRadula

Three Classes of MollusksThree Classes of Mollusks

GastropodaGastropoda

CephalopodaCephalopoda

BivalviaBivalvia

(yes, there are more)(yes, there are more)

Phylum AnnelidaPhylum Annelida

SegmentedSegmented NephridiaNephridia SetaeSetae Anterior ganglionAnterior ganglion Closed circulatory Closed circulatory

systemsystem

EchinodermataEchinodermata

Spiney skinnedSpiney skinned Vascular system-tubes and suctionVascular system-tubes and suction MolluscsMolluscs Sexual and asexual reproduceSexual and asexual reproduce

ChordataChordata

Dorsal nerve chordDorsal nerve chord More advanced-Paired appendagesMore advanced-Paired appendages Sweet Nervous system-extremely advancedSweet Nervous system-extremely advanced

All five sensesAll five senses