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Classification SchemeClassification Scheme
Kingdom
Phylum Phylum Phylum
Class Class Class Class Class
Order Order
Order
Family
Family
Family
Family
Genus Genus
species
Five Kingdom SystemFive Kingdom System
Moneran-Moneran-bacteria & bacteria & blue-green algaeblue-green algae
Prokaryote, cell wall, Prokaryote, cell wall, unicell, plasmid, asexual unicell, plasmid, asexual reproduction, reproduction,
E. Coli, Anabeana, E. Coli, Anabeana, bacillus, spirillus, cocci, bacillus, spirillus, cocci,
Protist-Protist-Algae,Algae, ProtozoansProtozoans
Eukaryote, unicell, “catch-Eukaryote, unicell, “catch-all,” lack tissues, asexual all,” lack tissues, asexual reproduction or notreproduction or not
Amoeba, Paramecium,Amoeba, Paramecium,
VolvoxVolvox
Fungus-Fungus-Mushrooms, Mushrooms, molds, smut, yeastmolds, smut, yeast
Cell wall of chitin, Cell wall of chitin, heterotrophheterotroph
Truffles, bread mold, corn Truffles, bread mold, corn smut, smut,
Plant-Plant-vascular & non-vascular & non-vascularvascular
Cellulose cell wall, Cellulose cell wall, chlorophyll, multicellular, chlorophyll, multicellular, sexual reproductionsexual reproduction
White pine, Trillium, water White pine, Trillium, water lily, lily,
Animal-Animal-vertebratesvertebrates & & invertebratesinvertebrates
Lack cell wall, motile, Lack cell wall, motile, heterotroph, sexual heterotroph, sexual reproduction, reproduction,
Earthworm, sponge, coral, Earthworm, sponge, coral, sea bass, humansea bass, human
Dichotomous Key for KingdomsDichotomous Key for Kingdoms
1. A. Cell wall present..............go to 21. A. Cell wall present..............go to 2
B. Cell wall absent...............go to 3B. Cell wall absent...............go to 3
2. A. Cell wall made of cellulose...go to 52. A. Cell wall made of cellulose...go to 5
B. Cell wall not made of cellulose...go to 4B. Cell wall not made of cellulose...go to 4
3. A. Tissues absent......Protista3. A. Tissues absent......Protista
B. Tissues present.....AnimaliaB. Tissues present.....Animalia
4. A. Prokaryote.............Moneran4. A. Prokaryote.............Moneran
B. Eukaryote.............FungusB. Eukaryote.............Fungus
5. A. Tissues present.......Plant5. A. Tissues present.......Plant
B. Tissues absent........ProtistaB. Tissues absent........Protista
Phyla of AnimaliaPhyla of AnimaliaPoriferaPorifera
(Sponges)(Sponges)
Radial symmetry, Radial symmetry, spongin, pores, spongin, pores, two cell layerstwo cell layers
CnidarianCnidarian
(coral, jellyfish)(coral, jellyfish)
Colonial, radial, Colonial, radial, nematocysts, polyp, nematocysts, polyp, medusa, 2 c.l. + jelly medusa, 2 c.l. + jelly
CtenophoraCtenophora
(comb jellies)(comb jellies)
Comb plates with Comb plates with ciliacilia
PlatyhelminthesPlatyhelminthes
(Flatworms)(Flatworms)
Three c.l., two-way Three c.l., two-way digestion,digestion,
Bilateral symmetryBilateral symmetry
Three classes of platyhelminthes:Three classes of platyhelminthes:Turbellaria, Trematoda, CestodaTurbellaria, Trematoda, Cestoda
Phyla of Animals, con’tPhyla of Animals, con’t
NematodaNematoda
roundwormroundworm
3 c.l., one-way digestion, 3 c.l., one-way digestion,
RotiferaRotifera Motile, cilia form a wheel Motile, cilia form a wheel around moutharound mouth
ArthropodsArthropods Chitin exoskeleton, Jointed appendages, advanced Chitin exoskeleton, Jointed appendages, advanced sensory system, antennae, eyes have many lenses, sensory system, antennae, eyes have many lenses, hearing, distinct body regions, open circulatoryhearing, distinct body regions, open circulatory
AnnelidaAnnelida
Classes of ArthropodsClasses of Arthropods
Diplopoda (millipedes)Diplopoda (millipedes) Two pair legs/segmentTwo pair legs/segment
Chilopoda (centipedes)Chilopoda (centipedes) One pair/segmentOne pair/segment POISONOUSPOISONOUS
ArachnidsArachnids Two body partsTwo body parts Eight legsEight legs spinneretsspinnerets
More Arthropod ClassesMore Arthropod Classes
CrustaceansCrustaceans Fused cephalothoraxFused cephalothorax SwimmeretsSwimmerets Marine & freshwaterMarine & freshwater GillsGills AntennaeAntennae Examples, lobster, shrimp, barnacles, crabsExamples, lobster, shrimp, barnacles, crabs Five pairs of legs (claws)Five pairs of legs (claws)
InsectInsect 3 body regions-head, thorax, abdomen3 body regions-head, thorax, abdomen Three pairs of legsThree pairs of legs Tympanum (ear in thorax)Tympanum (ear in thorax) trachea trachea
Phylum MolluscaPhylum Mollusca
MantleMantle One-way digestionOne-way digestion Exoskeleton of calcium Exoskeleton of calcium
carbonate (or not)carbonate (or not) Move by muscular footMove by muscular foot SiphonSiphon GillsGills Filter feedersFilter feeders RadulaRadula
Three Classes of MollusksThree Classes of Mollusks
GastropodaGastropoda
CephalopodaCephalopoda
BivalviaBivalvia
(yes, there are more)(yes, there are more)
Phylum AnnelidaPhylum Annelida
SegmentedSegmented NephridiaNephridia SetaeSetae Anterior ganglionAnterior ganglion Closed circulatory Closed circulatory
systemsystem
EchinodermataEchinodermata
Spiney skinnedSpiney skinned Vascular system-tubes and suctionVascular system-tubes and suction MolluscsMolluscs Sexual and asexual reproduceSexual and asexual reproduce