TEACHING APPROACH:LITERATURE

DR.HUSNIAH SAHAMIDUNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA

Teaching Approach

Moody (1983: 23) • to "provide a framework, or sequence of

operations to be used when we come to actualities”

• each approach has its own target or aim.Read more:

Differing Philosophies

Richards and Rodgers (1986) • different philosophies • at level of approach • reflected through different types of activities • in different uses for activity types.

Importance

• acquainted with variety of approaches, techniques, activities

• stimulate and develop students' interest • knowledge of literature

Approaches: variety

• Variety of approaches• Overlapping• Different names , almost similar approach• Selected approaches for discussion• Do own readings, references !

Teaching approaches : selected

• 1. skills based approach• 2. information-based approach• 3. language-based approach• 4. personal response approach, • 5. paraphrastic approach, • 6. moral-philosophical approach • 7. stylistics approach

Literature in the Classroom

• Regard inappropriate to the language classroom

• Separation: - study of language & study of literature, - integrated approach to teaching literature in

the language classroom

1. Skills Based ApproachPurpose(s) for reading• gain information• verify existing knowledge• critique a writer's ideas or writing style. • Enjoyment• enhance knowledge language being read.

Purpose of Reading• determines the approach to reading

comprehension• text :letters, words, sentences, paragraphs -

encode meaning. AND• Reader uses knowledge, skills, and strategies• to determine what that meaning is.

Reading Resilience

Develop skill of reading resilience: ability to read and interpret complex and demanding literary texts.

Decoding Skills

• automatic word recognition• dependent on phonic knowledge• allows reader to attend to meaning• SO• slow, belabored decoding overloads• short-term memory and impedes

comprehension.

Skills Based Approach

• Reading skills: decoding, understanding• Hierarchy of Reading tasks• (Later: Barrets Taxonomy)

Encoding Skills

• Writing tasks• Reading, writing • connections

Skills - based approach

• Peceptual skills• Recognise• Identify

Activities

• Keep a reading journal• use to map:• reflections, • improve reading practices and skills• understanding of reading text

2. information-based approach

• teaching knowledge about literature• source of information• examine history, historical background• characteristics of literary movements

3. Language based approach

• Incorporate language and literature syllabus• by studying the language.

4 Personal response approach (Thematic approach)

• Encourages learners’ active involvement• emotionally, intellectually, • draw own experiences, feelings, opinions

also known as Thematic approach• texts chosen according to same theme compare to learner

5. Paraphrastic approach

• surface meaning of text• paraphrase ,• re-word the story in simpler language• translating it into another language• beginners of target language

6. moral-philosophical approach

• read a particular literary text• search for moral values • awareness of values • assist students to understand themes in future

readings.

7. Stylistics Approach

• closer understanding ,appreciation of literary text

• combination of linguistic analysis • and literary critic (Lazar, 1993)

interpretation

• make meaningful interpretations • Beyond surface meaning

• An example of an activity?

Example: activity

• Look at a text closely• Mark certain linguistic features• students to look at language features• extracting possible clues • contribute to meaning, interpretation of the

text (Carter, 1996).

• End of notes