8/12/2019 Techniques for Productivity Improvement

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Techniques for productivity improvement:

1)Technology-based productivity improvement techniques: 

Technology-based  productivity improvement technique brings about improvement in  productivity  by application of new scientific techniques for

handling specific technical problems. The focus of the technological productivity improvement techniques are  bringing in innovation in the technology

of production and processing. The various techniques in this area are elaborated  below: 

CAD: The Computer Aided Design of  products,  processes or systems with speedy evaluation  of best alternatives, resources optimization,error reduction, etc. 

CAM: The Computer Aided Manufacturing involving CNC machine and Program Logical Controller (PLC), etc. 

CIM: The Computer Integrated design and Manufacturing system with CAD and CAM integrated together. CIM reduces the set-up time as well

as increases the accuracy and productivity of the machined components substantially.  

Robotics: Robotics is that  branch of technology which involves the design of reprogrammable multifunctional manipulators for materialhandling, welding, assembly, etc. 

Laser Technology: Laser technology is used for welding, cutting, for highly accurate measurement, etc. The use of laser technology is fast,

accurate but costly. 

Group Technology: Group technology involves the organization, planning and  production of parts and components in groups having similarity  in

size, shape, nature of operation, tolerance, etc. for better efficiency a.nd optimization of resources. It is a form of modem day plant layout. 

2)Material-based productivity techniques 

The material-based productivity improvement technique focuses on reduction in material wastages as well as inventory. At the same time, the

material-based productivity improvement technique has to ensu.re that there is no material shortage or material  pile up at all stages of material

conversion from r.aw material to work·in·process to the finished goods store. The following are the material-based productivity improvement techniques.

transportation management,warehousing management and material handling management during the entire supply chain management. 

Quality assurance and control: The quality of the material is to be assured in terms of right quality and no field rejections. Quality control helps to

reduce or eliminate material wastage, rejection or rework. 

Material handling: Material handling is a non-value added activity. Hence it should  be minimized by continuous improvement and, as far as possible,

material handling should  be automated and optimized. The material handling cost should be the least. Material handling should  be automated,fast and minimum to increase the material handling productivity to the maximum level. 

Material recycling: Material recycling productivity can be improved by fast and economical scrap and waste disposal after affluent treatment of the harmful

ingredients of the wastages Material rejection should be minimized by rectification regarding and above all future minimization of the rejection by

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ingredients of the wastages Material rejection should be minimized by rectification regarding and above all future minimization of the rejection by

taking corrective and  preventive actions. The reverse logistics of reusing the packing material of the products again can be looked into to

reduce cost and increase material  productivity.  

 just-In-Time manufacturing and  purchasing: The Just-In-Time manufacturing and the Just- in-Time purchasing system are part of the Toyota

manufacturing system or the 'TPS' founded by Taiichi Ohno where idle inventory in the system is practically zero. The Just- in-Time manufacturing

and the Just-in-Time purchasing system have minimum inventory, a customer pull-based system of manufacturing and  purchasing, small lot sizes,

and frequent deliveries to the market as per customer's demand make material  productivity of the highest order and forms a world-class

manufacturing system. 

3) People/Employee-based producfivity improvement  technique: 

Total Quality Management or the world-class management system is  basically a  pr ocess driven by the  people. The basic difference between an

ordinary organization and an extra ordinary world-class organization is the difference in the quality of the people and their involvement in the

organization. Some of the popular methods of improving the employee's involvement and  productivity improvement are detailed  below. 

Financial incentives (Individual): Individual financial incentives help to reward the performing workers as compared to the non- performer s or the

average performers. This is purely a  performance-based rewarding system which has a direct impact on pro uctivity improvement. The  popularincentive schemes i.n this regard are Piecework, Hasley  plan, Bendeux plan, Rowan plan or a combination of the various  plans. 

Financial incentives (Group): Group financial incentive helps to reward the  performing workers' group as compared to the non-performing

department or the average  performing teams.Thisis purely a  performance-based rewarding system for groups of people working together with a highlevel of team-spirit or team-orientation in their work which has a direct impact on  productiyity improvement.The  popular incentive schemes in this

regard are the Kaiser Ian, refit sharin , the Scanlon Plan, etc.