Teodora M. CasianoTeodora M. CasianoYudelka LanfrancoYudelka Lanfranco

Michele LannMichele LannEducation 713.22Education 713.22

Professor O’Connor-PetrusoProfessor O’Connor-Petruso

• Objects in the SkyObjects in the Sky

• Changes in the Earth and SkyChanges in the Earth and Sky

• The Changes of Earth’s Surface The Changes of Earth’s Surface

Lesson number

Title of lessons Bloom’s Taxonomy

Gardner’sMultiple

Intelligence

Additives

1 Our Solar System Linguistic, InterpersonalKinesthetic

Knowledge &Comprehension

LaptopSmart Board

2 What’s with all the Phases?

LinguisticInterpersonalLogical

ApplicationComprehension

Hands-on ActivitiesModel of the Solar System

3 Journey To The Sun, What is the Sun?

LinguisticLogicalSpatialInterpersonal

KnowledgeApplicationApplicationComprehension

Graphic organizerKWL ChartVideoGames

4 The Importance Of The Sun & It’s Affect On Our Environment

LinguisticLogicalSpatialInterpersonalEvaluation

AnalysisApplicationComprehensionSynthesisEvaluation

FilamentalityKWL ChartVideoGames

5 LogicalEvaluation

ApplicationComprehension

Scavenger Hunt

6 Evaluation LinguisticSpatial Naturalist

Filamentality

• It takes about 28 days for the Moon to orbit the Earth. This is It takes about 28 days for the Moon to orbit the Earth. This is about one month.about one month.

• The Moon orbits the Earth about 12 or 12.3 times in one Earth-The Moon orbits the Earth about 12 or 12.3 times in one Earth-year.year.

• Though the Moon looks like a lesser light, it does not give off light. Though the Moon looks like a lesser light, it does not give off light. The light from the sun always lights one half of the Moon. The light from the sun always lights one half of the Moon.

• There are 8 Phases of the Moon:There are 8 Phases of the Moon:

– *1*1stst Quarter Quarter *Waxing Crescent*Waxing Crescent

– *New Moon*New Moon *Waning Crescent*Waning Crescent

– *3*3rdrd Quarter Quarter * Waning Gibbous* Waning Gibbous

– *Full Moon*Full Moon *Waxing Gibbous*Waxing Gibbous

• Complete the lunar cycle challenge. Visit Complete the lunar cycle challenge. Visit http://www.sciencenetlinks.com/interactives/moon/moon_challenge/moon_challenge.html

Earth,Earth, Sun, Sun, Moon,Moon, and Stars and Stars

9

Universe

Galaxy

Solar System

Northern HemisphereNorthern Hemisphere DateDate Southern HemisphereSouthern Hemisphere

Spring beginsSpring begins March 20March 20 Fall beginsFall begins

Summer beginsSummer begins June 21June 21 Winter beginsWinter begins

Fall beginsFall begins Sept. 21Sept. 21 Spring beginsSpring begins

Winter beginsWinter begins Dec. 21Dec. 21 Summer beginsSummer begins

Why does the Earth have seasons? Visit Why does the Earth have seasons? Visit http://www.videojug.com/film/why-does-the-earth-have-seasons

http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ioncmaste.ca/homepage/resources/web_resources/CSA_Astro9/files/http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ioncmaste.ca/homepage/resources/web_resources/CSA_Astro9/files/images/unit4/solar_system.jpg&imgrefurl=http://rodonellenglish.blogspot.com/2010/02/solar-images/unit4/solar_system.jpg&imgrefurl=http://rodonellenglish.blogspot.com/2010/02/solar-system.html&h=328&w=600&sz=71&tbnid=HUvEe5NB8gC5cM:&tbnh=74&tbnw=135&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dsolarsystem.html&h=328&w=600&sz=71&tbnid=HUvEe5NB8gC5cM:&tbnh=74&tbnw=135&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dsolar%2Bsystem&hl=en&usg=__VDTy1RNljl_3MR9HyHfdiVSmwFU=&ei=o0i1SKZLITGlQea2uhx&sa=X&oi=image_result&resnu%2Bsystem&hl=en&usg=__VDTy1RNljl_3MR9HyHfdiVSmwFU=&ei=o0i1SKZLITGlQea2uhx&sa=X&oi=image_result&resnum=3&ct=image&ved=0CBgQ9QEwAgm=3&ct=image&ved=0CBgQ9QEwAg

Our Solar System in SpaceOur Solar System in Space

The Sun is the nearest star to the EarthThe Sun is the nearest star to the Earth

The Sun is 93-Million Miles awayThe Sun is 93-Million Miles away

Stars are a great fiery orb of hydrogen and helium gasesStars are a great fiery orb of hydrogen and helium gases

Stars come in different colorsStars come in different colors The Moon is a satellite of the EarthThe Moon is a satellite of the Earth

The Moon rotates at 10 Miles-per-HourThe Moon rotates at 10 Miles-per-Hour

Sunlight is important it heats the earth surface, which warms the air above Sunlight is important it heats the earth surface, which warms the air above us. The sun does not heat the earth evenly. The poles are extremely cold, us. The sun does not heat the earth evenly. The poles are extremely cold, and the tropics around the equator are extremely hot, and because the and the tropics around the equator are extremely hot, and because the tropics faces the sun more directly than the N and S poles. In the tropics faces the sun more directly than the N and S poles. In the temperate zones the areas between the tropics and poles, the amount of temperate zones the areas between the tropics and poles, the amount of the heat that’s received from the sun varies during the year because the the heat that’s received from the sun varies during the year because the earth tilts on its axis as it orbits the sun. The variation causes the seasons: earth tilts on its axis as it orbits the sun. The variation causes the seasons: summer, fall, winter and spring. The seasons north of the equator are the summer, fall, winter and spring. The seasons north of the equator are the opposite of the seasons south of the equator. When its summer in the opposite of the seasons south of the equator. When its summer in the united states, its winter in Brazil. In short if its Summer In North America, its united states, its winter in Brazil. In short if its Summer In North America, its winter in South America.winter in South America.

The Earth's axis is tilted from perpendicular to the plane of the ecliptic by 23.45°. The Earth's axis is tilted from perpendicular to the plane of the ecliptic by 23.45°. This tilting is what gives us the This tilting is what gives us the four seasons of the year: Summer, Spring, Winter : Summer, Spring, Winter and Autumn. Since the axis is tilted, different parts of the globe are oriented and Autumn. Since the axis is tilted, different parts of the globe are oriented towards the Sun at different times of the year. This affects the amount of sunlight towards the Sun at different times of the year. This affects the amount of sunlight each receives. For more information on the each receives. For more information on the seasons, click here. .

SPEEDSPEEDAt the equator, the Earth's surface moves 40,000 kilometers in 24 hours. That is At the equator, the Earth's surface moves 40,000 kilometers in 24 hours. That is a speed of about 1040 miles/hr (1670 km/hr). This is calculated by dividing the a speed of about 1040 miles/hr (1670 km/hr). This is calculated by dividing the circumference of the Earth at the equator (about 24,900 miles or 40,070 km) by circumference of the Earth at the equator (about 24,900 miles or 40,070 km) by the number of hours in a day (24). As you move toward either pole, this speed the number of hours in a day (24). As you move toward either pole, this speed decreases to almost zero (since the circumference at the extreme latitudes decreases to almost zero (since the circumference at the extreme latitudes approaches zero). approaches zero).

The Earth revolves around the Sun at a speed of about 30 km/sec. This compares The Earth revolves around the Sun at a speed of about 30 km/sec. This compares with the Earth's rotational speed of approximately 0.5 km/sec (at middle latitudes with the Earth's rotational speed of approximately 0.5 km/sec (at middle latitudes - near the equator). - near the equator).

You can't measure the speed of an object by itself, it has to be measured relative to something else (this was You can't measure the speed of an object by itself, it has to be measured relative to something else (this was one of Einstein's realizations). one of Einstein's realizations).

If we ask the question, "How fast the Earth is moving?" we have to specify that we want the speed with If we ask the question, "How fast the Earth is moving?" we have to specify that we want the speed with respect to another object. Motion cannot be measured without a reference point. We can ask how fast the respect to another object. Motion cannot be measured without a reference point. We can ask how fast the earth is moving with respect to its own axis, the Sun, the Milky Way Galaxy, or our Local Group of galaxies. earth is moving with respect to its own axis, the Sun, the Milky Way Galaxy, or our Local Group of galaxies.

The Complex Motion of the EarthThe Complex Motion of the EarthHow fast is the Earth spinning? 0.5 km/sec    •How fast is the Earth revolving around the Sun? 30 km/sec   How fast is the Earth spinning? 0.5 km/sec    •How fast is the Earth revolving around the Sun? 30 km/sec    •How fast is the Solar System moving around the Milky Way Galaxy? 250 km/sec    •How fast is our Milky  •How fast is the Solar System moving around the Milky Way Galaxy? 250 km/sec    •How fast is our Milky Way Galaxy moving in the Local Group of galaxies? 300 km/sec The Earth spins around its axis as it orbits Way Galaxy moving in the Local Group of galaxies? 300 km/sec The Earth spins around its axis as it orbits the the Sun. Our entire . Our entire Solar System slowly orbits around the slowly orbits around the Milky Way Galaxy. The Milky Way Galaxy belongs . The Milky Way Galaxy belongs to the to the Local Group of galaxies, where it is also moving. , where it is also moving.

HOW FAST IS THE EARTH SPINNING AROUND ITS AXIS?HOW FAST IS THE EARTH SPINNING AROUND ITS AXIS?The Earth is The Earth is spinningspinning around its axis. At the equator, the Earth's surface moves 40,000 kilometers in 24 around its axis. At the equator, the Earth's surface moves 40,000 kilometers in 24 hours. That is a speed of about 1040 miles/hr (1670 km/hr or 0.5 km/sec). This is calculated by dividing the hours. That is a speed of about 1040 miles/hr (1670 km/hr or 0.5 km/sec). This is calculated by dividing the circumference of the Earth at the equator (about 24,900 miles or 40,070 km) by the number of hours in a circumference of the Earth at the equator (about 24,900 miles or 40,070 km) by the number of hours in a day (24). As you move toward either pole, this speed decreases to almost zero (since the circumference of day (24). As you move toward either pole, this speed decreases to almost zero (since the circumference of the spinning circle at the extreme latitudes approaches zero). the spinning circle at the extreme latitudes approaches zero).

HOW FAST IS THE EARTH REVOLVING AROUND THE SUN?HOW FAST IS THE EARTH REVOLVING AROUND THE SUN?The Earth orbits, on average, 93 million miles (149,600,000 km) from the Sun (this distance is defined as The Earth orbits, on average, 93 million miles (149,600,000 km) from the Sun (this distance is defined as one Astronomical Unit (AU)), taking one year to complete an orbit. The Earth revolves around the Sun at a one Astronomical Unit (AU)), taking one year to complete an orbit. The Earth revolves around the Sun at a speed of about 18.5 miles/sec (30 km/sec). speed of about 18.5 miles/sec (30 km/sec).

HOW FAST IS OUR SOLAR SYSTEM MOVING WITHIN THE MILKY WAY GALAXY?HOW FAST IS OUR SOLAR SYSTEM MOVING WITHIN THE MILKY WAY GALAXY?The sun is about 26,000 The sun is about 26,000 light-years from the center of the from the center of the Milky Way Galaxy, which is about 80,000 to , which is about 80,000 to 120,000 light-years across (and less than 7,000 light-years thick). We are located on one of its spiral arms, 120,000 light-years across (and less than 7,000 light-years thick). We are located on one of its spiral arms, out towards the edge. It takes the sun (and our solar system) roughly 200-250 million years to orbit once out towards the edge. It takes the sun (and our solar system) roughly 200-250 million years to orbit once around the Milky Way. In this orbit, we (and the rest of the Solar System) are traveling at a velocity of about around the Milky Way. In this orbit, we (and the rest of the Solar System) are traveling at a velocity of about 155 miles/sec (250 km/sec). 155 miles/sec (250 km/sec).

HOW FAST IS THE MILKY WAY GALAXY MOVING WITHIN THE LOCAL GROUP OF GALAXIES?HOW FAST IS THE MILKY WAY GALAXY MOVING WITHIN THE LOCAL GROUP OF GALAXIES?The Milky way Galaxy is just one galaxy in a group of galaxies called the The Milky way Galaxy is just one galaxy in a group of galaxies called the Local Group. Within the Local . Within the Local Group, the Milky Way Galaxy is moving about 185 miles/sec (300 km/sec). Group, the Milky Way Galaxy is moving about 185 miles/sec (300 km/sec).

Volcanoes The volcano is known as one of the most destructive forces in human history. Yet we can not reject a vision of The volcano is known as one of the most destructive forces in human history. Yet we can not reject a vision of how the explosion of the volcano.how the explosion of the volcano.

What is a volcano? What is a volcano? The volcano is an opening through which molten rock called magma rises from the earth's land surface. The volcano is an opening through which molten rock called magma rises from the earth's land surface. Magma eruption of the volcano lava is known, and is a material that creates a cone around the Vent.Magma eruption of the volcano lava is known, and is a material that creates a cone around the Vent.

The volcano is active, the eruption of lava, creating seismic activity or natural gas release. Sleeping volcano, The volcano is active, the eruption of lava, creating seismic activity or natural gas release. Sleeping volcano, cut a very long period, but may break out again in the future. If the volcano idling more than 10,000 years, is cut a very long period, but may break out again in the future. If the volcano idling more than 10,000 years, is known to be extinct.known to be extinct.

Volcanoes may be different in appearance, a perfect cone shape, and other deep pits filled with water. Volcanoes may be different in appearance, a perfect cone shape, and other deep pits filled with water. Volcanoes form shows the type and size of the volcano, which is governed by the properties and composition Volcanoes form shows the type and size of the volcano, which is governed by the properties and composition of magma. Size, style and frequency of outbreaks vary widely, but these factors help to create a volcano.of magma. Size, style and frequency of outbreaks vary widely, but these factors help to create a volcano.

How volcanoes formed ?How volcanoes formed ?

Volcanoes occur where the majority of the two plates together. When two plates move, but is a gap, hot Volcanoes occur where the majority of the two plates together. When two plates move, but is a gap, hot molten rock - called lava - is growing between them. The volcano is the nature of the sea and the most molten rock - called lava - is growing between them. The volcano is the nature of the sea and the most invisible. If the amount is large enough, excess magma of the ocean and the island created.If two plates invisible. If the amount is large enough, excess magma of the ocean and the island created.If two plates collide and one plate forced under another plate, which makes its first cuimilte melt and rising magma. But collide and one plate forced under another plate, which makes its first cuimilte melt and rising magma. But after a few volcanoes in the world who made this, but their outbreaks are the most violent and dangerous. after a few volcanoes in the world who made this, but their outbreaks are the most violent and dangerous. Sometimes it is also a volcano in the middle of the plate, so-called hotspots. These are things involved in a Sometimes it is also a volcano in the middle of the plate, so-called hotspots. These are things involved in a warm blanket.warm blanket.

Three main types of volcanoes listed below, which are made in various formsThree main types of volcanoes listed below, which are made in various forms

http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/teachers-packets/volcanoes/poster/graphics/posterfig1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/teachers-packets/http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/teachers-packets/volcanoes/poster/graphics/posterfig1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/teachers-packets/volcanoes/poster/poster.html&usg=__cMzBigzm27OkErICrelp4DFKkFI=&h=825&w=648&sz=129&hl=en&start=9&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=MIWP4Nv1BWBg8M:&tbnh=144&tbnw=113&prev=/volcanoes/poster/poster.html&usg=__cMzBigzm27OkErICrelp4DFKkFI=&h=825&w=648&sz=129&hl=en&start=9&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=MIWP4Nv1BWBg8M:&tbnh=144&tbnw=113&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dvolcanoes%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26rlz%3D1W1GPEA_en%26tbs%3Disch:1images%3Fq%3Dvolcanoes%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26rlz%3D1W1GPEA_en%26tbs%3Disch:1

Is The Mountain on Fire? How would You Like to Explore the Volcano?

Why do seasons changeWhy do seasons change

Our seasons may changeOur seasons may change

By Mr. Barlow In astronomy, By Mr. Barlow In astronomy, axial tilt is the angle between a planet’s is the angle between a planet’s rotational axis and the and the direction in which it orbits its star. This effect is direction in which it orbits its star. This effect is the main cause of the seasons. Whichever . Whichever hemisphere is currently tilted toward the Sun experiences more hours of sunlight each day.hemisphere is currently tilted toward the Sun experiences more hours of sunlight each day.

The Earth spins on an axis that is tilted at about 23.5° from the vertical. But this position is far The Earth spins on an axis that is tilted at about 23.5° from the vertical. But this position is far from constant – the planet’s axis is constantly shifting in response to changes in the distribution from constant – the planet’s axis is constantly shifting in response to changes in the distribution of mass around the Earth. The Earth is like a spinning top, and if you put more mass on one side of mass around the Earth. The Earth is like a spinning top, and if you put more mass on one side or other, the axis of rotation is going to shift slightly.or other, the axis of rotation is going to shift slightly.

The influx of fresh water from shrinking ice sheets is causing the planet to pitch over at a rate that The influx of fresh water from shrinking ice sheets is causing the planet to pitch over at a rate that may increase significantly in the coming years.may increase significantly in the coming years.

What’s more, oceans merely warmed by the rise in greenhouse gases can also cause the Earth What’s more, oceans merely warmed by the rise in greenhouse gases can also cause the Earth to tilt.to tilt.

And all that may very well alter our seasons! Read more And all that may very well alter our seasons! Read more here..

Student’s workStudent’s workStudents will work in groups of three. As a group they will be able to apply Students will work in groups of three. As a group they will be able to apply what they learned and write a reflection in their writing journal. what they learned and write a reflection in their writing journal.

– Write a one paragraph reflection of their experience on what they Write a one paragraph reflection of their experience on what they learned and enjoyed while conducting the scavenger hunt.learned and enjoyed while conducting the scavenger hunt.

– View the video clips and attach a comment on the video selectionView the video clips and attach a comment on the video selection– Describe how and what they feel in poem form about the moon, star, or Describe how and what they feel in poem form about the moon, star, or

earthearth– Share out with a partner what they found most interesting about the Share out with a partner what they found most interesting about the

scavenger hunt. scavenger hunt.

Is it a full moon or is it a new moon? Find out at Is it a full moon or is it a new moon? Find out at http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/astronomy/moon/Phases.shtml. Please define and create a drawing to go along with the definition.. Please define and create a drawing to go along with the definition.

Complete the lunar cycle challenge. Visit Complete the lunar cycle challenge. Visit http://www.sciencenetlinks.com/interactives/moon/moon_challenge/moon_challenge.html

Temperature of the Planets Temperature of the Planets

Thank you for viewing our presentationThank you for viewing our presentation

Any questions? Any questions?

Please Visit Our Filamentality click on the link below!Please Visit Our Filamentality click on the link below!

http://www.kn.att.com/wired/fil/pages/liststudenttc.html?subject=Filamentality http://www.kn.att.com/wired/fil/pages/liststudenttc.html?subject=Filamentality

http://www.fema.gov/kids/games1.htmhttp://www.fema.gov/kids/games1.htm

http://www.sciencenetlinks.com/interactives/moon/moon_challenge/moon_challenge.htmlhttp://www.sciencenetlinks.com/interactives/moon/moon_challenge/moon_challenge.html

  

  

http://www.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/time/moon/phases.htmlhttp://www.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/time/moon/phases.html

  

  

http://www.wonderville.ca/v1/activities/phases/phases.htmlhttp://www.wonderville.ca/v1/activities/phases/phases.html

  

  

http://www.kidsastronomy.com/solar_system.htmhttp://www.kidsastronomy.com/solar_system.htm

  

  

  

http://www.kidsastronomy.com/http://www.kidsastronomy.com/

  

http://www.berghuis.co.nz/abiator/patana/5t/science/eab_c.htmlhttp://www.berghuis.co.nz/abiator/patana/5t/science/eab_c.html