The Afghanistan The Afghanistan Invasion Invasion

The History of AfghanistanThe History of Afghanistan

Afghanistan DemographicsAfghanistan Demographics Kabual is the Capital of AfghanistanKabual is the Capital of Afghanistan The Main Languages: The Main Languages:

• Persian (Darf)Persian (Darf)• PashtoPashto

The Main Religion is IslamThe Main Religion is Islam• 80% is Sunni80% is Sunni• 19% is Shi’a19% is Shi’a

Population is about 31 million peoplePopulation is about 31 million people• 0-14 years is about 44.6%0-14 years is about 44.6%• 15-64 years is about 53%15-64 years is about 53%• 65 years and older is about 2.6%65 years and older is about 2.6%

Life Expectancy is about 46 yearsLife Expectancy is about 46 years

Afghanistan 1747-1973Afghanistan 1747-1973

Monarchy ruled Afghanistan from Monarchy ruled Afghanistan from 1747- 19731747- 1973• The present day borders were The present day borders were

established in the late 1800’s by the established in the late 1800’s by the British and Russians.British and Russians.

• In 1973 a military coup (military take In 1973 a military coup (military take over) seized power and Mohammad over) seized power and Mohammad Sardar Daoud Khan became the first Sardar Daoud Khan became the first President of AfghanistanPresident of Afghanistan

Afghanistan 1973 -1978Afghanistan 1973 -1978

Republic of Afghanistan is formedRepublic of Afghanistan is formed Bad droughts and economic Bad droughts and economic

problems face Afghanistan during problems face Afghanistan during this timethis time

In 1978 Daoud was killed and Taraki, In 1978 Daoud was killed and Taraki, who took over as the president and who took over as the president and implemented a Marxists régime implemented a Marxists régime

Afghanistan 1979 - 1989Afghanistan 1979 - 1989 Russians invade Afghanistan and the Afghanistan Russians invade Afghanistan and the Afghanistan

War is kicked offWar is kicked off Russia sent over 100,000 troops during this timeRussia sent over 100,000 troops during this time The Mujahidin “Islamic Warriors” were bornThe Mujahidin “Islamic Warriors” were born The US backed the Mujahidin with weapons, The US backed the Mujahidin with weapons,

training, and supplies to fight the Russians. This training, and supplies to fight the Russians. This would ultimately help in the defeat of the Russian would ultimately help in the defeat of the Russian Army.Army.

In 1988 the Russian President ordered the In 1988 the Russian President ordered the withdrawal of all Soviet troops from Afghanistanwithdrawal of all Soviet troops from Afghanistan

At the end of the war, Afghanistan suffered a At the end of the war, Afghanistan suffered a large numbers of human deaths and a economic large numbers of human deaths and a economic crisis crisis

US pulls all funding to AfghanistanUS pulls all funding to Afghanistan

Afghanistan 1989 – 2001Afghanistan 1989 – 2001 Mujahidin continues to fight any type of Mujahidin continues to fight any type of

government for Afghanistan and eventually take government for Afghanistan and eventually take overover

The Mujahidin turn into the terrorist group called The Mujahidin turn into the terrorist group called the Taliban.the Taliban.

Taliban rule from the mid 1990’s until 2001Taliban rule from the mid 1990’s until 2001 After September 11, 2001 US declares war on the After September 11, 2001 US declares war on the

Taliban for being a known terrorist group that Taliban for being a known terrorist group that help with the attacks on the US and also for help with the attacks on the US and also for harboring such terrorist groups as Al-Queda “The harboring such terrorist groups as Al-Queda “The Base” which carried out the attacks against the Base” which carried out the attacks against the USUS

Afghanistan 2001 - presentAfghanistan 2001 - present The US and their Allies went into Afghanistan in The US and their Allies went into Afghanistan in

November 2001 and started eradicating (or November 2001 and started eradicating (or taking out) the Taliban, Al-Queda, and other taking out) the Taliban, Al-Queda, and other terrorist groups. terrorist groups.

In December 2001 Hamid Karzai was put as the In December 2001 Hamid Karzai was put as the countries interim President. He is still currently countries interim President. He is still currently the President of Afghanistanthe President of Afghanistan

The US and their Allies are still looking for Osma The US and their Allies are still looking for Osma Bin Laden and Mullah Muhammad OmarBin Laden and Mullah Muhammad Omar

Since the US and their Allies have been there, Since the US and their Allies have been there, they have built schools, hospitals, houses, and they have built schools, hospitals, houses, and give have helped give rights back to both men give have helped give rights back to both men and womenand women

What’s happening today?What’s happening today?

Currently President Currently President Barack Obama has Barack Obama has sent an additional sent an additional 13,000 troops into 13,000 troops into Afghanistan.Afghanistan.

What other wars has the U.S. been What other wars has the U.S. been involved with in the Middle East? involved with in the Middle East?

Before you click Before you click on the mouse on the mouse again discuss again discuss with your with your neighbor what neighbor what three wars has three wars has the U.S. been the U.S. been involved with in involved with in the Middle East?the Middle East?

Persian Gulf War Persian Gulf War (1991)(1991)

War in War in Afghanistan Afghanistan (2001)(2001)

Iraq War (2003)Iraq War (2003)

Bonus: Can you list them in order?

U.S. Involvement in the Middle EastU.S. Involvement in the Middle East

Persian Gulf WarPersian Gulf WarIn 1990, Iraq invaded the small, but oil rich In 1990, Iraq invaded the small, but oil rich

country of Kuwait.country of Kuwait.

On January 16, 1991 the Persian Gulf War On January 16, 1991 the Persian Gulf War began.began.

The international community, including the The international community, including the United States, began missile attacks on Iraq.United States, began missile attacks on Iraq.

100 hours later, Iraq surrendered.100 hours later, Iraq surrendered.

The U.N. –imposed embargo remained in The U.N. –imposed embargo remained in effect.effect.

U.S. Involvement in the Middle EastU.S. Involvement in the Middle East

War with IraqWar with IraqGeorge Bush Jr. believed Saddam Hussein was George Bush Jr. believed Saddam Hussein was

hiding nuclear weapons.hiding nuclear weapons.

The international community agreed, but the The international community agreed, but the United Nations did not agree with an invasion.United Nations did not agree with an invasion.

Regardless, Great Britain, Australia, and other Regardless, Great Britain, Australia, and other allies including the United States – invaded allies including the United States – invaded Iraq on March 20, 2003.Iraq on March 20, 2003.

Only recently have troops from the U.S. Only recently have troops from the U.S. withdrawn from Iraq.withdrawn from Iraq.