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World World 1492 - 1800 1492 - 1800 Ch 20.1 Ch 20.1 Spanish Conquests in the Spanish Conquests in the Americas Americas

The Atlantic World 1492 - 1800 Ch 20.1 Spanish Conquests in the Americas

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Page 1: The Atlantic World 1492 - 1800 Ch 20.1 Spanish Conquests in the Americas

The Atlantic The Atlantic WorldWorld

1492 - 18001492 - 1800

Ch 20.1Ch 20.1

Spanish Conquests in the Spanish Conquests in the AmericasAmericas

Page 2: The Atlantic World 1492 - 1800 Ch 20.1 Spanish Conquests in the Americas

Columbus Opens the Columbus Opens the AtlanticAtlantic

1492 - 15031492 - 1503►Began the European Began the European

conquest of the Americas conquest of the Americas beginning of globalizationbeginning of globalization

►By end of his 4 journeys, By end of his 4 journeys, Spain had colonized much of Spain had colonized much of the Caribbean the Caribbean

Page 3: The Atlantic World 1492 - 1800 Ch 20.1 Spanish Conquests in the Americas

Other Explorers take to Other Explorers take to the Seasthe Seas

►1500: 1500: Pedro Pedro CabralCabral claims claims Brazil for Brazil for PortugalPortugal

►1501: 1501: Amerigo Amerigo VespucciVespucci discovers that discovers that the land is a the land is a “New World”“New World”

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Ferdinand Magellan’s Mission Ferdinand Magellan’s Mission Circumnavigates the World Circumnavigates the World

1519 - 15211519 - 1521

Page 5: The Atlantic World 1492 - 1800 Ch 20.1 Spanish Conquests in the Americas

The The ConquistadorsConquistadors►Spanish explorers Spanish explorers

who claimed much who claimed much of the Americas of the Americas for Spainfor Spain

►Destroyed the Destroyed the native civilizations native civilizations of Central & South of Central & South AmericaAmerica

Page 6: The Atlantic World 1492 - 1800 Ch 20.1 Spanish Conquests in the Americas
Page 7: The Atlantic World 1492 - 1800 Ch 20.1 Spanish Conquests in the Americas

Hernán CortHernán Cortésés Conquers Conquers the Mighty Aztec Empire the Mighty Aztec Empire

(1521)(1521)►Used guns, horses, Used guns, horses,

& local enemies to & local enemies to conquer a larger conquer a larger force.force.

►King King Moctezuma IIMoctezuma II was killed & was killed & Tenochtitlan Tenochtitlan destroyeddestroyed

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Francisco PizarroFrancisco Pizarro Conquers the Inca of Conquers the Inca of

Peru (1532)Peru (1532) ►Captured Captured their king their king Atahualpa Atahualpa & then & then the the capital of capital of Cuzco.Cuzco.

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European Diseases European Diseases Eradicate the Native Eradicate the Native

PopulationsPopulations►Without natural immunities, Without natural immunities,

Native Americans died from Native Americans died from SmallpoxSmallpox, Measles, & Typhus by , Measles, & Typhus by the millions.the millions.

►Native population may have Native population may have declined by 90% between 1500 & declined by 90% between 1500 & 1800.1800.

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Page 17: The Atlantic World 1492 - 1800 Ch 20.1 Spanish Conquests in the Americas

Spanish kill millions through Spanish kill millions through War & SlaveryWar & Slavery

►EncomiendaEncomienda: System of : System of forced laborforced labor

►Conditions led to many Conditions led to many deathsdeaths

►Revolts were common, but Revolts were common, but unsuccessfulunsuccessful

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BartolomBartolomé de las é de las CasasCasas

►Jesuit Jesuit priest who priest who wrote of wrote of the the destruction destruction of the West of the West IndiesIndies

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Effect of Spanish ConquestEffect of Spanish Conquest►Native population declinedNative population declined

►Large Large MestizoMestizo population population mixed Spanish & Native American mixed Spanish & Native American

►Spain became too wealthySpain became too wealthy

►Other Europeans became Other Europeans became interested in American interested in American colonizationcolonization