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The Beginning of the Cold War A. The United Nations B. The Cold War C. Satellite Nations Created D. U.S. Counters Soviet Expansion E. Germany F. Tensions Grow

The Beginning of the Cold War A.The United Nations B.The Cold War C.Satellite Nations Created D.U.S. Counters Soviet Expansion E.Germany F.Tensions Grow

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Page 1: The Beginning of the Cold War A.The United Nations B.The Cold War C.Satellite Nations Created D.U.S. Counters Soviet Expansion E.Germany F.Tensions Grow

The Beginning of the Cold War

A. The United Nations

B. The Cold War

C. Satellite Nations Created

D. U.S. Counters Soviet Expansion

E. Germany

F. Tensions Grow

Page 2: The Beginning of the Cold War A.The United Nations B.The Cold War C.Satellite Nations Created D.U.S. Counters Soviet Expansion E.Germany F.Tensions Grow

A. The United Nations• International organization established to maintain

peace after the war

The Set-up

• General Assembly – where all members meet to discuss issues and vote

• Security Council – 11 member body with the real power to investigate & settle disputes

• Five permanent members: Soviet Union, United States, Great Britain, France, China

Page 3: The Beginning of the Cold War A.The United Nations B.The Cold War C.Satellite Nations Created D.U.S. Counters Soviet Expansion E.Germany F.Tensions Grow
Page 4: The Beginning of the Cold War A.The United Nations B.The Cold War C.Satellite Nations Created D.U.S. Counters Soviet Expansion E.Germany F.Tensions Grow

B. The Cold War (1946-1991)

• 45 year long state of hostility between the Soviet Union and the United States

• No direct confrontations (fighting) between the two

Page 5: The Beginning of the Cold War A.The United Nations B.The Cold War C.Satellite Nations Created D.U.S. Counters Soviet Expansion E.Germany F.Tensions Grow

• Beginning at Yalta, the 2 sides had different goals for the postwar world

• They were divided by what type of governments the postwar world would have: Communist or Democratic

Page 6: The Beginning of the Cold War A.The United Nations B.The Cold War C.Satellite Nations Created D.U.S. Counters Soviet Expansion E.Germany F.Tensions Grow

C. Satellite Nations Created

• Major goal of the USSR after WWII was to shield itself from an invasion from the west

• Stalin established Communist governments in Eastern Europe to create a buffer

Page 7: The Beginning of the Cold War A.The United Nations B.The Cold War C.Satellite Nations Created D.U.S. Counters Soviet Expansion E.Germany F.Tensions Grow
Page 8: The Beginning of the Cold War A.The United Nations B.The Cold War C.Satellite Nations Created D.U.S. Counters Soviet Expansion E.Germany F.Tensions Grow

• “Iron Curtain” – phrase used to describe the division of Europe into two: democratic v. communist

Page 9: The Beginning of the Cold War A.The United Nations B.The Cold War C.Satellite Nations Created D.U.S. Counters Soviet Expansion E.Germany F.Tensions Grow

D. U.S. Counters Soviet Expansion• Containment – policy directed at blocking Soviet

expansion

• Truman Doctrine – Support for countries who were fighting against Communism

• $400 million to Turkey & Greece to stop the spread of Communism

Page 10: The Beginning of the Cold War A.The United Nations B.The Cold War C.Satellite Nations Created D.U.S. Counters Soviet Expansion E.Germany F.Tensions Grow

• Marshall Plan – assistance program for European countries to rebuild after the war

Page 11: The Beginning of the Cold War A.The United Nations B.The Cold War C.Satellite Nations Created D.U.S. Counters Soviet Expansion E.Germany F.Tensions Grow

E. Germany

• Germany & Berlin divided into 4 zones of occupation after the war

Page 12: The Beginning of the Cold War A.The United Nations B.The Cold War C.Satellite Nations Created D.U.S. Counters Soviet Expansion E.Germany F.Tensions Grow

• 1948 Britain, France, & U.S. withdrawing from West Germany so it can be independent

• Stalin responds by holding west Berlin hostage from June 1948 to May 1949– Known as the Berlin Blockade

• Results in 11 month airlift of supplies from the West– Known as the Berlin Airlift

• Shows the U.S. will not appease Stalin

Page 13: The Beginning of the Cold War A.The United Nations B.The Cold War C.Satellite Nations Created D.U.S. Counters Soviet Expansion E.Germany F.Tensions Grow

F. Tensions Grow• North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) – In

1949, 10 western European nations joined with the U.S. & Canada to form a defensive military alliance

Page 14: The Beginning of the Cold War A.The United Nations B.The Cold War C.Satellite Nations Created D.U.S. Counters Soviet Expansion E.Germany F.Tensions Grow

• Warsaw Pact – 1955 Soviet’s military alliance in response to NATO

Page 15: The Beginning of the Cold War A.The United Nations B.The Cold War C.Satellite Nations Created D.U.S. Counters Soviet Expansion E.Germany F.Tensions Grow

• Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) – created by the U.S. to oppose the spread of Communism in that area

Page 16: The Beginning of the Cold War A.The United Nations B.The Cold War C.Satellite Nations Created D.U.S. Counters Soviet Expansion E.Germany F.Tensions Grow

• OAS – Organization of American States was created to stop the spread of Communism into the Western Hemisphere

Page 17: The Beginning of the Cold War A.The United Nations B.The Cold War C.Satellite Nations Created D.U.S. Counters Soviet Expansion E.Germany F.Tensions Grow

• Arms Race – Cold War would begin a massive arms race between the two Superpowers.

• Began in 1949 when the USSR successfully tested its 1st atomic weapon

• Brinkmanship – willingness of the two nations to go to the brink (edge) of war