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The simplest grouping of more than one kind of organism in the biosphere is a community.
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The branch of biology dealing with interactions among organisms and between
organisms and their environment is called
ecology.
Species make up populations, which make up
communities.
The simplest grouping of more than one kind of organism in
the biosphere is
a community.
The lowest level of environmental complexity that includes living and nonliving
factors is the
ecosystem.
Plants are
primary producers.
The total amount of living tissue within a given trophic
level is called the
biomass.
What animals eat both producers and consumers?
omnivores
The repeated movement of water between Earth’s surface and the atmosphere is called
the water cycle.
The movements of energy and nutrients through living
systems are different because _________ flows in one
direction, and _________ recycle.
Energy, nutrients
Examples of abiotic factor in the environment are
soil type, rainfall, temperature
What is a biotic factor that affects the size of a population
in a specific ecosystem?
number and kinds of predators in the ecosystem
What is an example of how biotic and abiotic factors
interact?
Tree roots split apart rocks in the ground.
What is at the base of all ecological pyramids?
producers
The movement of organisms into a range is called
immigration
The ______ rate is becoming higher than the _______rate.describe a population that is
decreasing in size.
Death, birth
What are two ways a population can decrease in
size?
increase death rate and emigration
During some kinds of population growth, the size of each generation
of offspring is larger than the generation before it. So, as the population gets larger, it grows more quickly. This situation is
called
exponential growth.
When the exponential phase of a logistic growth curve of a
population ceases, population growth begins to
slow down.
Something that controls the growth or size of a population
is
a limiting factor.
Fewer individuals will increase or decrease competition within
a species’ population?
decrease
A disease resulting in the deaths of one third of a dense population of bats in a cave
would be a
density-dependent limiting factor.
An example of a renewable resource is
trees.
They cannot be replaced after they are used up is true about
__________ resources?
nonrenewable
The gray-brown haze often found over large cities is called
smog.
Introduced species can threaten biodiversity because they can
crowd out native species.
Who used a compound microscope to see chambers within cork and named them
“cells”?
Robert Hooke
What advance in technology made the discovery of cells
possible?
the microscope
What organisms are prokaryotes?
bacteria
Which organelle breaks down organelles that are no longer
useful?
lysosome
Which structure makes proteins using coded
instructions that come from the nucleus?
ribosome
Which organelle would you expect to find in plant cells but
not animal cells?
chloroplast
Regulating the movement of materials into and out of the
cell is a function of the
cell membrane
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called
osmosis
What means of particle transport requires input of
energy from the cell?
active transport
Which term describes the relatively constant internal physical conditions of an
organism?
homeostasis
A group of similar cells that perform a particular function is
called
a tissue.
What are the three parts of an ATP molecule?
adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups
Energy is released from ATP when
a phosphate group is removed.
Organisms, such as plants, that make their own food are called
autotrophs.
Organisms that cannot make their own food and must obtain energy from external sources
are called
heterotrophs
Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon
dioxide into
oxygen and high-energy sugars.
The Calvin cycle is another name for the
light-independent reactions.
The Calvin cycle takes place in the
stroma.
What is a product of the Calvin cycle?
high-energy sugars
What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
6O2 + C6H12O6 ® 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
What are the products of cellular respiration?
Water and Carbon dioxide
Cellular respiration is called an aerobic process because it
requires
oxygen.
The starting molecule for glycolysis is
glucose.
The starting molecule for the Krebs cycle is
pyruvic acid.
The Krebs cycle produces
carbon dioxide.
In the presence of oxygen, glycolysis is followed by
the Krebs cycle.
Cellular respiration uses 1 molecule of glucose to produce
approximately ___ ATP molecules.
36
Lactic acid fermentation occurs in
muscle cells.
Breathing heavily after running a race is your body’s way of
repaying an oxygen debt.
During which phase in the cell cycle does mitosis happen?
M phase
When during the cell cycle is a cell’s DNA replicated?
S phase
During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up
along the middle of the dividing cell?
metaphase
What is the proper sequence represents the phases of
mitosis?
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
Cancer is a disorder in which some cells have lost the ability
to control their
growth rate