THE CIVIL WARApril 12th,1861- April 9th, 1865

A PowerPoint By

Zavier A.L Taylor

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Presidential Leaders Union

• Abraham Lincoln was the 16th President of the

United States of America

Confederate • Jefferson Davis was the first

and only President of the Confederate States of America

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Union States

• California • Connecticut• Illinois• Indiana• Iowa• Kansas• Maine• Massachusetts• Michigan• Minnesota

• Nevada • New Hampshire• New York• New Jersey• Ohio• Oregon• Pennsylvania• Rhode Island• Vermont

Confederate States

South Carolina Mississippi Florida Alabama Georgia Louisiana

Virginia Arkansas Tennessee North Carolina Texas

Border States

• West Virginia• Kentucky• Missouri• Delaware• Maryland

All gray states north of the line of the Missouri Compromise are Border States and are also part of the Union.

Confederate Alliances France

Great Britain

They needed these alliances because they had

few industrial factories, that were needed to

make weapons.

The South was mainly farmland and they grew

most of the worlds cotton and tobacco.

So, the South bought the weapons they needed

from Great Britain and France, using the money

from their cash crops.

The Battle of Fort SumterApril 12th-14th ,1861 in Charlestown ,S.C

Generals• The Union troops were lead by Major Anderson.

• The Confederate troops were lead by Brigadier General Beauregard. Significance

• The Battle of Fort Sumter was the 1st battle of the Civil War.Casualties

• The Battle lasted for two days and no one was killed during the fighting.

• Although two soldiers died during the surrender from an accidental explosion caused by black powder.

Conclusion • On April 14th, 1861 Major Anderson and his troops surrendered.

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The Battle of Bull RunJuly 21st 1861 in Manassas, Virginia

Generals • The Union troops were commanded by Brigadier General Irvin McDowell.

• The Confederate troops were commanded by Brigadier General Beauregard and aided by Colonel (soon to be “Stonewall”) Jackson.

Significance • Both sides realized that it was going to be a long, bloody, and costly war.

Casualties • Union: 2,896

• Confederate: 1,982Conclusion

• Union troops retreated north to their capital, Washington, D.C.

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The Battle of GettysburgJuly 1st-3rd, 1863 in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania

Generals• The Union soldiers were lead by Major General George Meade.• The Confederate soldiers were lead by General Robert E. Lee.

Significance • The Battle of Gettysburg was the Bloodiest battle of the Civil War.

• It was also a turning point for the Union, and one of their 1st victories.Casualties

• Union: 23,055• Confederate: 23,231

Conclusion • 12,500 Confederate troops charged the Union Soldiers on Cemetery Ridge

but the Union managed to hold them off with rifle and artillery fire.

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The Battle of Fort Fisher January 13th-15th,1865 in Fort Fisher, N.C

Generals • 9,000 Union troops were under the command of General Alfred Terry, while Rear

Admiral David D. Porter Commanded 60 Union Ships.• Major General W.H.C Whiting commanded the 1,900 Confederate troops at the fort,

while Robert F. Hoke was in charge of the 6,400 troops just north of the fort.Significance

• Fort Fisher was the only open port on the east coast and losing it closed off nearly all of the Confederate’s outside communications.• General Whiting was killed in this battle.

Casualties • Union: 1,338

• Confederate: 583 Conclusion

• The Union ships ceased their naval assault on the fort, so that the Union troops on land could move in and attack Fort Fisher.

• They did so by engaging the Confederate soldiers in fierce hand-to-hand combat. • The Confederate soldiers surrendered shortly after the death of General Whiting.

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The Battle at the Appomattox CourthouseApril 7th -9th, 1865 in Appomattox, Virginia

Generals • The large Union force in Appomattox, Virginia was under the command of one General

Ulysses S. Grant. • The Confederate army was under the command of a master tactician know as General

Robert E. Lee.Significance

• The battle at the Appomattox Courthouse was probably the 2nd most important battle of the Civil War, because it was the last battle of the Civil War.

Casualties• Union: 164

• Confederate: 500 • The 27,800 Confederate troops at Appomattox surrendered.

Conclusion• After easily defeating a small group of Grant’s forces, General Lee and his troops

encountered the remainder of Grant’s army, and withdrew. • At 11:50 pm on April 9th, 1865 Lee sent Grant a letter of surrender.

• Which is ironic because 3 days earlier Grant sent Lee a letter asking him to surrender. Which Lee rejected.

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Civil War CannonsNapoleon

Fires: 12 pound shot

Howitzer Fires: 12, 24, and 32 pound shot

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Both have an effective range of 250-1,700 yards.

Civil War Rifles

• Rifles such as this were used from 1859-1872.• They were used by both the Union and the Confederates. • They had an effective range of about 100-400 yards.• Rifles were loaded with through the muzzle (Barrel).

• They were usually loaded with Black Powder and a Lead ball• Back then (1859-1872) you could only fire 2 or 3 shots per minute. Compared to

toady’s standards it took quite a while to load and fire a gun.

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Muzzle (Barrel)

Civil War Pistols

Colt 1851 Navy Confederate

The Colt 1851 Navy is a single action, 6 shot Revolver used by the

Confederacy.

Colt Army 1860Union

The Colt Army 1860 is a single action, 6 shot Revolver used by the Union.

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Both Revolvers are accurate from 75-100 yards

Civil War Swords

1850 Army Officer’s SwordA sword used by both sides.

Bayonet A blade attached to a Rifle,

used by both sides, Made for close range.

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Bayonet

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Civil War Ships

U.S.S. Monitor A fully armored Union ship with a

rotating gun turret

C.S.S. North Carolina An Ironclad Confederate war ship.

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Affects of the Civil War

I believe the Civil War had a great many positive affects on America but it also

had a some negative ones too. Some of these negative effects are a great

loss of life, inflation, and the separation of America. Luckily all these

problems were resolved, well all except the loss of life that is. On a lighter

note the, the Civil War ended a great many of America’s problems as well. To

give an example, Slavery, and also made it so that states could no longer

secede when ever they felt like it. So, in my opinion the was a well

executed idea that ended in success.

The End of The Civil War April 9th at the Appomattox Courthouse

Generals • General Robert E. Lee surrendered to General Ulysses S. Grant.• The 27,800 Confederate troops at Appomattox surrendered

Significance • Lee’s surrender is important because it put an end to The Civil War.

Terms of Surrender • Major Artillery would be turned over

• Side Arms, Horses, and Mules would remain• No imprisonment for treason

Conclusion • There were still small skirmishes after the surrender, this was because

175,000 Confederate troops remained in the field.• The final surrender of Confederate troops took place over a month later

on June 23rd,1865http://www.civilwarhome.com/images/surrender.jpg