THE CIVIL WAR

CIVIL WAR INTRO

1861

Jan. 1861 – South Carolina becomes the first state to succeed after Lincoln’s election.

March 1861 –

Lincoln is inaugurated

1861 April 1861 – Attack

on Ft. Sumter

July 1861 – 1st Battle of Bull Run.

July 1861 – blockade of the South set up – Anaconda plan in place.

Ft Sumter

1862

McClellan – trained troops in East – wouldn't attack.

War in the West US Grant – brings the Union victory in

Tennessee – Fort Henry & Fort Donaldson

1862

Battle of Hampton

Roads The Monitor &

the Merrimack

face off Both ships were Ironclads

The Confederates retreat.

Hampton Road

1862

Battle of Shiloh – TennesseeUnion wins High losses – Congress wants Grant goneLincoln says “I can’t spare this man – he

fights.”

Battle of Shiloh

Fall of New OrleansNew Orleans – largest city in South

1862

Seven Day’s BattlesSouth loses more men

but McClellan retreatsHe thought he was out

numbered.

Lee went on the offensive and invades North hopes that Europe will step in and help the South.

1862 Bloody Antietam – Maryland Bloodiest day in all of

American History Union found the battle

plans 25,000 dead or wounded Lee lost 1/3 of his army –retreats McClellan lets him escape -Could have ended

the war – gets fired – Burnside takes over. Bloody Antietam

Emancipation Proclamation 1/1/1863

Freed slaves in Confederacy only

Pres. Didn’t have power to free slaves in Union

Freed very few slaves – most in the deep South – Union troops weren’t down that far.

Allows African Americans to fight, 180,000 sign up

54th Massachusetts Regiment

All African American – fought without payFredrick Douglass – had 2 sons in the unit

1863

Siege of Vicksburg Last Confederate hold on the Mississippi Grant surrounded city- cut off city for

month and ½ - starve them out. Vicksburg

Gettysburg – Turning Point of the War Lee goes North to PA. July 1/2/3 1863 Go to Gettysburg in search of shoes. 90,000 Union troops – vs.- 75,000

Confederates Pickett’s Charge – attack the middle of Union

line – leads to a Confederate retreat. Again Lee allowed to

escape. https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=qCXUbQ4JjXI

1863 July 13th – 15th NY City Draft Riots Over 100 dead over 300 wounded. ‘Rich man’s war poor man’s fight’

1864 Sherman’s March Takes the city of

Atlanta-marches to the coast.

Total War – destroy everything – burnt towns- killed farm animals – destroyed railroad

Sherman's March

Election of 1864

Lincoln – vs.- George McClellan (the general he fired)

Sherman wins the election for Lincoln Lincoln looking for a end to the war “Let us strive…to bind up the nation’s

wounds” Lincoln’s 2nd inaugural address.

1864

Virginia Campaign Grant & Sherman –vs.- Lee Union loses more & more troops but will

not retreat Union takes Richmond

– Confederate Capital – Lee retreats.

1865 Jan 13th - 13th

Amendment passed, ending slavery in the US

1865 Surrender at Appomattox

Lee surrenders to Grant 4/9/1865 at Appomattox Court House.

Grant treats Lee & his men wellFeeds them – lets them go

home.

Prison Camps

Elmira, NY & Andersonville, GA 50,000 men died in the camps from

disease, starvation and exposure.

1865

April 14th 1865 John Wilkes Booth assassinates Lincoln

at Ford’s Theater. "Sic semper tyrannis“

Booth

Affects on Society - South Deserters – Confederates lost 40% of

troops State’s rights had South fighting

amongst its self. Economy fell apart – money worthless Hyperinflation – dozen eggs =$6

Southern soldier made $18 a month.

Affects on Society - North Copperheads – Northern Democrats

who are against the war. Lincoln – arrests protesters – suspends

the writ of habeas corpus – no trial Conscription – draft- rich people could

pay someone to go for them Income tax –pay for the war