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The Civil War in the East 1864-1865 The war becomes one of attrition as General Grant comes East to pound Lee’s army into submission

The Civil War in the East 1864-1865 The war becomes one of attrition as General Grant comes East to pound Lee’s army into submission

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Page 1: The Civil War in the East 1864-1865 The war becomes one of attrition as General Grant comes East to pound Lee’s army into submission

The Civil War in the East 1864-1865

The war becomes one of attrition as General Grant comes East to pound Lee’s

army into submission

Page 2: The Civil War in the East 1864-1865 The war becomes one of attrition as General Grant comes East to pound Lee’s army into submission

Grant takes command

• General Grant creates a master plan for the Union to destroy the Confederacy. All Union forces will work together for victory.

• Union industrial strength and population advantages will be maximized.

• The Union will break the back of the Confederacy by destroying the home front.

Page 3: The Civil War in the East 1864-1865 The war becomes one of attrition as General Grant comes East to pound Lee’s army into submission

The Overland Campaign

• Grant moves into the Wilderness

• Terrible and bloody fighting

• The Union forces are stopped

• Grant does not retreat but rather moves south to get around Lee’s army

Page 4: The Civil War in the East 1864-1865 The war becomes one of attrition as General Grant comes East to pound Lee’s army into submission

Spotsylvania Court House

• Twelve days of butchery

• General Sedgwick is killed by sharpshooter

• The Bloody Angle fighting lasts 18 hours

• Grant moves south

Page 5: The Civil War in the East 1864-1865 The war becomes one of attrition as General Grant comes East to pound Lee’s army into submission

Cold Harbor, June 1864

• Bloody disaster for the North

• “Not war but murder.”

Page 6: The Civil War in the East 1864-1865 The war becomes one of attrition as General Grant comes East to pound Lee’s army into submission

The Siege of Petersburg

• The Federals almost took the town in June 1864, but since they did not take the town, both sides were condemned to a long siege.

• Federals try to blow up the Confederate lines at “The Crater”- a terrible failure.

• Petersburg controlled the railroad line into Richmond. If Petersburg fell, then Richmond fell.

Page 7: The Civil War in the East 1864-1865 The war becomes one of attrition as General Grant comes East to pound Lee’s army into submission

Life in the trenches• The trenches were hot, dusty, muddy, cold and miserable.• If men raised their head above the trench line they were killed

by snipers.• As the months rolled on, the Confederates starved and froze.• The Union kept trying to cut off the rail lines, so eventually the

trenches stretched over 25 miles.

Page 8: The Civil War in the East 1864-1865 The war becomes one of attrition as General Grant comes East to pound Lee’s army into submission

The Shenandoah Valley Campaign of 1864

• Jubal Early, C.S.A., tries to clear the Shenandoah Valley of Federals.

• The Confederates actually get to the outskirts of Washington, D.C.

• Phil Sheridan, U.S., routs the Southerners on October, 1864.

• The loss of the Valley is a fatal blow to the Confederacy.

Page 9: The Civil War in the East 1864-1865 The war becomes one of attrition as General Grant comes East to pound Lee’s army into submission

Sheridan burns the Valley

• Scorched earth policy

• Little organized Confederate resistance

• Guerilla warfare and bushwhacking

Page 10: The Civil War in the East 1864-1865 The war becomes one of attrition as General Grant comes East to pound Lee’s army into submission

The Fall of Petersburg and Richmond• The Confederate army starves in the trenches of Petersburg over

the winter• Lee tries to break out but the Union forces are too strong• Grant counter attacks and breaks the Southern defenses• Lee evacuates Petersburg and Richmond• Richmond burns• Confederates try to escape

Page 11: The Civil War in the East 1864-1865 The war becomes one of attrition as General Grant comes East to pound Lee’s army into submission

Appomattox Court House

• April 9, 1865 Grant and Sheridan cut off the Confederates

• Southerners attack but fail to break Union lines

• Lee knows that it is hopeless and he asks for terms

• Lee and Grant meet at the home of Wilbur McLean in Appomattox Village

• Confederates will be paroled

• Lee surrenders

Page 12: The Civil War in the East 1864-1865 The war becomes one of attrition as General Grant comes East to pound Lee’s army into submission

Lincoln is Assassinated• April 14, 1865• Ford’s Theatre• “Our American Cousin”• John Wilkes Booth• Conspiracy• Lincoln’s dreams• “Now he belongs to

the ages”

• ….