The Cold WarThe Cold WarConditions of extreme tension and hostility with no Conditions of extreme tension and hostility with no

military actionmilitary action

IMPORTANT IMPORTANT CONFERENCESCONFERENCES

• not only did these bring an end to not only did these bring an end to World War Two, but took the world into World War Two, but took the world into the Cold Warthe Cold War 1945 Yalta Stalin, Roosevelt

and ChurchillDiscuss partition of Germany into 4 zones of occupation, reparations, Polish post-war boundaries, and the entrance of USSR into war with Japan.

1945 Potsdam Stalin, Truman and Atlee

Discuss outstanding issues – disagreement between U.S. and U.S.S.R. over the treatment of Germany and Poland

• Allies liberate Italy – Allies liberate Italy – • take control of governtake control of governmentment• Leads Stalin to believe he can control the Leads Stalin to believe he can control the governments of Eastern European nations he governments of Eastern European nations he liberatedliberated• Spheres of influenceSpheres of influence

• Divided Germany important to USSRDivided Germany important to USSR• fought two major wars in less than 50 yearsfought two major wars in less than 50 years• Soviet losses were almost 30 million in WW IISoviet losses were almost 30 million in WW II• Determined to control Poland and dominate the Balkan Determined to control Poland and dominate the Balkan Peninsula Peninsula

A bi-polar worldA bi-polar world

World split after WW II World split after WW II into into

East (Soviet influence) East (Soviet influence) and and

West (American influence)West (American influence)

United States Soviet UnionRichest in world

(1945)Strongest - Biggest

Air Force and Navy, Atomic Bomb

CapitalistBelieved Stalin was

trying to be the next Hitler and take over the world

Bigger armyControlled all of

Europe from center of Germany eastward

CommunistBelieved the U.S.A.

hated communism so much they would use nuclear weapons

The USSRThe USSR• The U.S.S.R. wanted to create a "buffer The U.S.S.R. wanted to create a "buffer zone" between themselves and democratic zone" between themselves and democratic states (the U.S.A. wanted these Eastern states (the U.S.A. wanted these Eastern European states to be democratic)European states to be democratic)

• 1946-47 Bulgaria, Rumania, Hungary, 1946-47 Bulgaria, Rumania, Hungary, Poland and Albania come under Soviet Poland and Albania come under Soviet influence ($)influence ($)

• 1948 Czechoslovakia has Communist coup1948 Czechoslovakia has Communist coup

• 1949 East Germany sets up Communist 1949 East Germany sets up Communist governmentgovernment

• 1949 COMECON established (Council for 1949 COMECON established (Council for Mutual Economic Assistance)Mutual Economic Assistance)• U.S.S.R. takes over agriculture and industryU.S.S.R. takes over agriculture and industry

The USAThe USA

• The U.S.A. takes counter-actionThe U.S.A. takes counter-action• Policy of ContainmentPolicy of Containment• Moving from isolationist to Moving from isolationist to interventionist interventionist

• Truman Doctrine (1946) - funding to stop Truman Doctrine (1946) - funding to stop the spread of Communism; established to the spread of Communism; established to help Turkey and Greece ($400 M)help Turkey and Greece ($400 M)• Marshall Plan - help re-establish the Marshall Plan - help re-establish the Western European economies (1947)Western European economies (1947)

• Establishment of NATO (1949)Establishment of NATO (1949)

Events during the Cold War that could Events during the Cold War that could have erupted into all-out warhave erupted into all-out war

We didn’t start the fireWe didn’t start the fire

"We Didn't Start The "We Didn't Start The Fire" by Fire" by Billy Joel

• HHarry Truman, , Doris Day, , Red China, , Johnnie RaySouth Pacific, , Walter Winchell, , Joe DiMaggio    Joe McCarthy, , Richard Nixon, , Studebaker, , televisionNorth Korea, South Korea, , Marilyn Monroe Rosenbergs, , H-Bomb, , Sugar Ray, , PanmunjomBrando, , "The King and I", and , and "The Catcher in the Rye" Eisenhower, , vaccine, , England's got a new got a new queen  Marciano, , Liberace, , Santayana goodbye goodbye

• Josef Stalin, , Malenkov, , Nasser and and ProkofievRockefeller, , Campanella, , Communist BlocRoy Cohn, , Juan Peron, , Toscanini, , dacronDien Bien Phu and and "Rock Around the Clock"   

Einstein, , James Dean, , Brooklyn's got a winning team Davy Crockett, , "Peter Pan", , Elvis Presley, , Disneyland Bardot, , Budapest, , Alabama, , KhrushchevPrincess Grace, , "Peyton Place", trouble in , trouble in the the Suez   

CHORUSCHORUS

•Little Rock, , Pasternak, , Mickey Mantle, , KerouacSputnik, , Chou En-Lai, , "Bridge on the River Kwai"Lebanon, , Charles de Gaulle, , California baseballStarkweather, homicide, children of , children of thalidomideBuddy Holly, , "Ben-Hur", , space monkey, , Mafiahula hoops, , Castro, , Edsel is a no go is a no goU2, , Syngman Rhee, , payola and and KennedyChubby Checker, , "Psycho", , Belgians in the Congo  

• Hemingway, , Eichmann, , "Stranger in a Strange Land"  Dylan, , Berlin, , Bay of Pigs Invasion  "Lawrence of Arabia", , British BeatlemaniaOle Miss, , John Glenn, , Liston beats PattersonPope Paul, , Malcolm X, , British politician sex  JFK, blown away, what else do I have to , blown away, what else do I have to saysay

• Birth control, , Ho Chi Minh, , Richard Nixon, , back againback againMoonshot, , Woodstock, , Watergate, , punk rock  Begin, , Reagan, , Palestine, , terror on the airlineAyatollolah's in Iran, , Russians in Afghanistan"Wheel of Fortune" , , Sally Ride, heavy , heavy metal metal suicide  Foreign debts, homeless vets, AIDS, Crack, Foreign debts, homeless vets, AIDS, Crack, Bernie Goetz Bernie Goetz Hypodermics on the shore, China's under Hypodermics on the shore, China's under martial lawmartial lawRock and Roller Cola Wars, I can't take it Rock and Roller Cola Wars, I can't take it anymoreanymore